Bound in Twine

Bound in Twine
Author: Sterling D. Evans
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
Total Pages: 342
Release: 2013-01-14
Genre: History
ISBN: 1622880013

Before the invention of the combine, the binder was an essential harvesting implement that cut grain and bound the stalks in bundles tied with twine that could then be hand-gathered into shocks for threshing. Hundreds of thousands of farmers across the United States and Canada relied on binders and the twine required for the machine’s operation. Implement manufacturers discovered that the best binder twine was made from henequen and sisal—spiny, fibrous plants native to the Yucatán Peninsula of Mexico. The double dependency that subsequently developed between Mexico and the Great Plains of the United States and Canada affected the agriculture, ecology, and economy of all three nations in ways that have historically been little understood. These interlocking dependencies—identified by author Sterling Evans as the “henequen-wheat complex”—initiated or furthered major ecological, social, and political changes in each of these agricultural regions. Drawing on extensive archival work as well as the existing secondary literature, Evans has woven an intricate story that will change our understanding of the complex, transnational history of the North American continent.

Visions of Paradise

Visions of Paradise
Author: Robert Stephen Haskett
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Total Pages: 438
Release: 2005
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9780806135861

Cuernavaca, often called the “Mexican Paradise” or “Land of Eternal Spring,” has a deep, rich history. Few visitors to this modern resort city near Mexico City would guess from its Spanish architecture and landmarks that it was governed by its Tlalhuican residents until the early nineteenth century. Formerly called Cuauhnahuac, the city was renamed by the Spanish in the sixteenth century when Hernando Cortés built his stone palacio on its main square and thrust Cuernavaca into the colonial age. In Visions of Paradise, Robert Haskett presents a history of Cuernavaca, basing his account on an important body of late-seventeenth-century historical records known as primordial titles, written by still unknown members of the Native population. Until comparatively recently, these indigenous-language documents have been dismissed as “false” or “forged” land records. Haskett, however, uses these Nahuatl texts to present a colorful portrait of how the Tlalhuicas of Cuernavaca and its environs made intellectual sense of their place in the colonial scheme, conceived of their relationship to the sacred worlds of both their native religion and Christianity, and defined their own history. Surveying the local history of Cuernavaca from precontact observations by the Aztecs through postclassic times to the present, with a concentration on early colonial times, Haskett finds that the Native authors of the primordial titles crafted a celebratory history proclaiming themselves to be an enduringly autonomous, essentially unconquered people who triumphed over the rigors of the Spanish colonial system.

Cacicas

Cacicas
Author: Margarita R. Ochoa
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Total Pages: 345
Release: 2021-03-11
Genre: History
ISBN: 0806169990

The term cacica was a Spanish linguistic invention, the female counterpart to caciques, the Arawak word for male indigenous leaders in Spanish America. But the term’s meaning was adapted and manipulated by natives, creating a new social stratum where it previously may not have existed. This book explores that transformation, a conscious construction and reshaping of identity from within. Cacicas feature far and wide in the history of Spanish America, as female governors and tribute collectors and as relatives of ruling caciques—or their destitute widows. They played a crucial role in the establishment and success of Spanish rule, but were also instrumental in colonial natives’ resistance and self-definition. In this volume, noted scholars uncover the history of colonial cacicas, moving beyond anecdotes of individuals in Spanish America. Their work focuses on the evolution of indigenous leadership, particularly the lineage and succession of these positions in different regions, through the lens of native women’s political activism. Such activism might mean the intervention of cacicas in the economic, familial, and religious realms or their participation in official and unofficial matters of governance. The authors explore the role of such personal authority and political influence across a broad geographic, chronological, and thematic range—in patterns of succession, the settling of frontier regions, interethnic relations and the importance of purity of blood, gender and family dynamics, legal and marital strategies for defending communities, and the continuation of indigenous governance. This volume showcases colonial cacicas as historical subjects who constructed their consciousness around their place, whether symbolic or geographic, and articulated their own unique identities. It expands our understanding of the significant influence these women exerted—within but also well beyond the native communities of Spanish America.

Mexicon

Mexicon
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 642
Release: 1992
Genre: Central America
ISBN:

Timber, Tourists, and Temples

Timber, Tourists, and Temples
Author: Richard B. Primack
Publisher: Island Press
Total Pages: 447
Release: 2013-04-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1610911156

Stretching across southern Mexico, northern Guatemala, and Belize, the Maya Forest, or Selva Maya, constitutes one of the last large blocks of tropical forest remaining in North and Central America. Home to Mayan-speaking people for more than 5,000 years, the region is also uncommonly rich in cultural and archaeological resources. Timber, Tourists, and Temples brings together the leading biologists, social scientists, and conservationists working in the region to present in a single volume information on the intricate social and political issues, and the complex scientifc and management problems to be resolved there. Following an introductory chapter that presents GIS and remote sensing data, the book: considers perspectives on managing forest resources and the forestry and conservation policies of each nation examines efforts by communities to manage their forest resources explains the connections between resource conservation and use by local people highlights research projects that integrate baseline biological research with impact assessments explains the need to involve local people in conservation effort Timber, Tourists, and Temples explores methods of supporting the biological foundation of the Maya Forest and keeping alive that unique and diverse ecosystem. While many areas face similar development pressures, few have been studied as much or for as long as the Maya Forest. The wealth of information included in this pathbreaking work will be valuable not only for researchers involved with the Maya Forest but for anyone concerned with the protection, use, and management of tropical forest ecosystems throughout the world.

Life and Death in Early Colonial Ecuador

Life and Death in Early Colonial Ecuador
Author: Linda A. Newson
Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
Total Pages: 532
Release: 1995
Genre: History
ISBN: 9780806126975

"Historical demography for 16th- and 17th-century Ecuador. The book's regional framework reveals major differences in mortality rates. Calculates that depopulation in the Sierra during the 16th century was four times that of the Coast"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.

Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America

Archaeology of Ancient Mexico and Central America
Author: Susan Toby Evans
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 1322
Release: 2001
Genre: Archaeology
ISBN: 9780815308874

This reference is devoted to the pre-Columbian archaeology of the Mesoamerican culture area, one of the six cradles of early civilization. It features in-depth articles on the major cultural areas of ancient Mexico and Central America; coverage of important sites, including the world-renowned discoveries as well as many lesser-known locations; articles on day-to-day life of ancient peoples in these regions; and several bandw regional and site maps and photographs. Entries are arranged alphabetically and cover introductory archaeological facts (flora, fauna, human growth and development, nonorganic resources), chronologies of various periods (Paleoindian, Archaic, Formative, Classic and Postclassic, and Colonial), cultural features, Maya, regional summaries, research methods and resources, ethnohistorical methods and sources, and scholars and research history. Edited by archaeologists Evans and Webster, both of whom are associated with Pennsylvania State University. c. Book News Inc.

Go Throughout the Whole World

Go Throughout the Whole World
Author: Thomas Mooren
Publisher: LIT Verlag
Total Pages: 148
Release: 2022-01-04
Genre: History
ISBN: 3643964986

In this volume, the author, former Director of missiology and for may years professor of missiology, religious anthropology and interreligious dialogue at Saint Paul University, Ottawa, "goes spiritually throughout the whole world" in order to study the interplay between "white supremacy" and christianization of the poeples. Where does this interplay happen and under which conditions ..., slavery, colonialism, economical factors and so forth. A great difference in "doing mission" becomes visible between Asia, (India, China, Japan) and the rest of the world. Currently Dr.Thomas Mooren, Ofmcap, teaches in Papuanewguinea and the Philippines.

Goldwork and Shamanism

Goldwork and Shamanism
Author: Gerardo Reichel-Dolmatoff
Publisher: Villegas Asociados
Total Pages: 352
Release: 2005
Genre: Colombia
ISBN: 9588156610

Classic study with photos of gold artifacts. Book by Pre-Columbian cultures of Colombia scholar Reichel-Dolmatoff with studies of the mysterious rituals of what was undoubtedly the most important aspect of the life of the ancient ethnic communities of El Dorado: the decisive role of the Shamans and their hallucinatory world of magic and religion. The book analyses the spiritual dimensions of these cultures and the natural wisdom of century-old secrets along lavish full-page color images of the enigmatic and beautiful gold objects still known today as "gold of the ancients" that skillful craftsmen wrought for ritual use.