As a result of the various dimensions of environmental problems threatening life in the world and the future of humanity, people have become aware of these issues and begun to seek various solutions. Among these solutions, it is important to improve technologies that pollute and harm the environment, ensure recycling of waste, promote the use of renewable energy, and develop new environmentally friendly technologies. But even more crucial is adopting an environmental ethics that motivates individuals to be environmentally conscious. The fact that the mistakes individuals make in their relationship with nature affect others, and furthermore, that future generations will suffer significant harm from this, highlights the ethical aspect of human-environment relationships. However, even more importantly, to identify the problems in the understanding of existence, nature, life, humanity, and society that lead to environmental issues and to develop an ecological perspective. This new perspective should not aim to fit humanity into new molds that are shared feature of different ideologies. This book is written to present the belief, understanding, and value system underlying the basics of environmental issues and solutions, and to develop an ecological theology from an Islamic perspective. In the introduction section of the book, an attempt has been made to determine the scientific position of the subject and with which issues it concern in kalam (Muslim theology). In this context, brief information is provided about what ecology, ecological theology, and İslamical social theology are and their content. In the first chapter, the evaluations regarding the intellectual roots of environmental issues in Western thought have been explained, and an attempt has been made to determine the righteousness and consistency of these evaluations. In the second chapter, within the framework of the belief in creation in Islam, the understanding of existence, order, nature, life, human, and fitrah (innate spirituality and humanity) along with their intellectual implications, have been clarified. Extending from this, the third chapter has delved into the value of vitality and biodiversity of in nature from an Islamic perspective. In the fourth chapter, the position of human being in the pyramid of existence is discussed. Besides, it has been emphasized that the potentials, diverse talents, and rights bestowed by God is equally balanced with responsibilities in terms of Haqq (a name of God that means truth and right). In the fifth chapter, which focuses on human responsibility, the religious and moral concepts that guide humans towards preserving the order in nature and respecting the rights of non-human species ahs been discussed. More precisely, the ethical implications of religious concepts and practices have been addressed in this context.