Dual Water Systems
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Engineering and Costs of Dual Water Supply Systems
Author | : S. L. Tang |
Publisher | : IWA Publishing |
Total Pages | : 99 |
Release | : 2007-01-15 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1843391325 |
Fresh water is becoming an ever more valuable and scarce resource, and any method or approach that can contribute to the saving of fresh water resources is therefore beneficial. Dual water supply systems are water supply distribution systems employing two sources, consisting of one fresh water system for potable use, and another system of either seawater, untreated raw fresh water, or treated / reclaimed wastewater for toilet flushing purposes. The purpose of this book is to discuss the engineering and cost aspects of dual water supply systems drawing on the author's experience obtained in Hong Kong, where dual water supply systems have been used for fifty years. The book is suitable for use as a text book or reference book at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. University undergraduate students and postgraduate students in water science, civil engineering, environmental engineering and environmental science or management will be the principal audiences. Practicing engineers, managers and other practitioners in these fields will also find this an invaluable reference source.
Dual Distribution Systems
Author | : American Water Works Association |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 124 |
Release | : 1976 |
Genre | : Water |
ISBN | : |
Drinking Water Distribution Systems
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 404 |
Release | : 2006-12-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309133955 |
Protecting and maintaining water distributions systems is crucial to ensuring high quality drinking water. Distribution systems-consisting of pipes, pumps, valves, storage tanks, reservoirs, meters, fittings, and other hydraulic appurtenances-carry drinking water from a centralized treatment plant or well supplies to consumers' taps. Spanning almost 1 million miles in the United States, distribution systems represent the vast majority of physical infrastructure for water supplies, and thus constitute the primary management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. Recent data on waterborne disease outbreaks suggest that distribution systems remain a source of contamination that has yet to be fully addressed. This report evaluates approaches for risk characterization and recent data, and it identifies a variety of strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events in distribution systems. Particular attention is given to backflow events via cross connections, the potential for contamination of the distribution system during construction and repair activities, maintenance of storage facilities, and the role of premise plumbing in public health risk. The report also identifies advances in detection, monitoring and modeling, analytical methods, and research and development opportunities that will enable the water supply industry to further reduce risks associated with drinking water distribution systems.
Planning for the Distribution of Reclaimed Water, 3rd Ed. (M24)
Author | : AWWA Staff |
Publisher | : American Water Works Association |
Total Pages | : 123 |
Release | : 2011-01-12 |
Genre | : Water reuse |
ISBN | : 161300091X |
Water Reuse
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 276 |
Release | : 2012-07-17 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309224624 |
Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.
Understanding Water Reuse
Author | : National Research Council |
Publisher | : National Academies Press |
Total Pages | : 16 |
Release | : 2012-10-05 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 0309265215 |
In communities all around the world, water supplies are coming under increasing pressure as population growth, climate change, pollution, and changes in land use affect water quantity and quality. To address existing and anticipated water shortages, many communities are working to increase water conservation and are seeking alternative sources of water. Water reuse- the sue of treated wastewater, or "reclaimed" water, for beneficial purposes such as drinking, irrigation, or industrial uses- is one option that has helped some communities significantly expand their water supplies. Understanding Water Reuse summarizes the main findings of the National Research Council report Water Reuse: Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater. The report provides an overview of the options and outlook for water reuse in the United States, discusses water treatment technologies and potential uses of reclaimed water, and presents a new analysis that compares the risks of drinking reclaimed water to those of drinking water from traditional sources.
Dual Water Systems in Water Supply Planning
Author | : Arun K. Deb |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 1978* |
Genre | : Municipal water supply |
ISBN | : |