Developments In Astrometry And Their Impact On Astrophysics And Geodynamics
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| Author | : Jean Kovalevsky |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 362 |
| Release | : 2013-03-09 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3662031388 |
An introduction to practical astrometry, dealing with the determination of positions, motions, distances and dimensions of celestial bodies - ranging from quasars to artificial satellites. The main part is devoted to the description of optical instruments together with the atmospheric effects on observations. Although classical astrometric methods (photography, meridian circles, astrolabes) are described, the emphasis is firmly laid on new, more precise techniques such as CCD, optical and radio interferometry, and space astrometry. The whole is rounded off by a brief summary of data treatment and of the main phenomena in positional astronomy.
| Author | : International astronomical union |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 440 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : International Astronomical Union. Symposium |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 620 |
| Release | : 2008-08-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521874700 |
State-of-the-art review of the growing field of astrometry, for researchers and graduate students.
| Author | : Erik Høg |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 427 |
| Release | : 2013-12-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401100691 |
Astrometry is on the threshold of great changes due to the fact that this decade, alone, is witnessing an improvement of stellar positions equivalent to the total improvement of the previous two centuries. The Hipparcos Satellite has concluded its observations, and the catalog is in preparation. Preliminary results assure that the Hipparcos catalog will provide positions, parallaxes and annual proper motions for over 100,000 stars with accuracies of 1.5 milliarcseconds. In addition, the Tycho catalog will provide positions of about 30 milliarcseconds accuracy for over 1 million stars, and annual proper motions with 3 milliarcsecond accuracy will subsequently be ob tained by means of first epoch positions from the Astrographic Catalog. Optical interferometers on the ground are beginning operation, and these instruments can provide observational accuracies of approximately one milliarcsecond. Also, the traditional reference frame based on the Fun damental Catalog of bright stars is being replaced by the extragalactic ref erence frame, based on radio sources with accuracies of one milliarcsecond. Thus, astrometry will change from a fundamental reference frame defined in terms of the dynamical reference frame of the solar system with accuracies of 100 milliarcseconds to a space-fixed, extragalactic reference frame with accuracies of one milliarcsecond. Future astrometric observations should be in the 1 -100 milliarcsecond accuracy range. There are a number of concepts for future astrometric instruments in space. Most of these can provide sub-milliarcsecond astrometric accuracies.
| Author | : L. V. Morrison |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 1994-05-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521462402 |
Astrometry - the study of the positions of astronomical objects and how they move across the sky - is a cornerstone of modern astronomy. Pinning down the distances to and motions of stars in our Galaxy is fundamental - it can lead to an understanding of the origin of these stars and how together they affect the evolution of our Galaxy. Similarly, measuring the motions of planets, their satellites and asteroids is crucial to unravelling the origin and evolution of our solar system (as well as to the planning of space missions to explore them). A workshop held jointly by the Royal Greenwich Observatory and the Institute of Astronomy, in Cambridge, offered an unusual opportunity to bring together astronomers from the fields of Galactic and solar system astrometry. Gathered in this volume are the articles they presented. Together, these provide an auspicious review of optical astrometry and our understanding of the evolution of the Galaxy and solar system for graduate students and researchers.
| Author | : Hans G. Walter |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 246 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 364257260X |
Celestial fundamental catalogues are a prerequisite for the determination of absolute positions and motions in space. Presently, positional astrometry is at the watershed between classical fundamental catalogues, based on moving reference stars, and modern catalogues, based on extragalactic reference objects with non-measurable motion. This book addresses the concepts and methods of the respective construction techniques leading to the stellar frame of the FK5 (fifth fundamental catalogue) and to the newly adopted extragalactic radio reference frame, ICRF (international celestial reference frame), with its extension to optical wavelengths by the Hipparcos Catalogue. While principal outlines of meridian circle observations are given, emphasis is put in some detail on the VLBI technique as applied to astrometry, and to the observational techniques used in the Hipparcos mission, including the tie of the originally non-anchored rigid Hipparcos sphere into the ICRF.
| Author | : Ivan I. Mueller |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 446 |
| Release | : 2013-12-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 940111711X |
In this review talk, I would like to report on the proper motion analysis, which has been recently carried out together with M. Soma and M. Yoshizawa: There has been a persistent demand in astronomy for accurate stellar positions and proper motions, which are represented by an inertial reference system constructed on the basis of a set of consistent astronomical constants. In the reference system the precessional constant plays a primary role. In a series of papers Fricke (1967a,b, 1977a,b) has deter mined the luni-solar precessional correction to Newcomb's value and the fictitious motion of the equinox, which have been adopted in the "IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Con stants". Based on the precessional correction and the equinoctial motion thus established, the fundamental reference system, the FK5 system (Fricke et al. 1988) for positions and proper motions, has been constructed. However, for several years geodetic VLBI (McCarthy & Luzum 1991) and LLR (Williams et at. 1991) observations have been suggesting an additional correction to the luni-solar precessional constant of the IAU (1976) System. That is, these observations indicate the precessional correction of 6. p ~ -0:'30/cent to the FK5 system. But, the observational period ofthe earth orientation is considered to be still insufficient to separate unambiguously the precessional change of the earth orientation from the nutation with the longest period of 18. 6 years.
| Author | : Jacqueline Bergeron |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 603 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401111006 |
IAU Transactions are published as a volume corresponding to each General Assembly. Volume A is produced prior to the Assembly and contains Reports on Astronomy, prepared by each Commission President. The intention is to summarize the astronomical results that have affected the work of the Commission since the production of the previous Reports up to a time which is about one year prior to the General Assembly. Volume B is produced after the Assembly and contains accounts of Commission Meetings which were held, together with other material. The reports included in the present volume range from outline summaries to lengthy compilations and references. Most reports are in English.
| Author | : J.G. Robertson |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 505 |
| Release | : 2013-12-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401108803 |
The 1990s are proving to be a very exciting p&iod for high angular resolution astronomy. At radio wavelengths a combination of new array instruments and pow erful imaging algorithms have generated images of unprecedented resolution and quality. In the optical and infrared, the great technical difficulties associated with constructing separated-aperture interferometers have been largely overcome, and many new instruments are now operating or are being developed. As these pro grams start to produce observational results they will be able to draw extensively on the experience gained by the radio-interferometry community. Thus it seemed that the time was ripe for a meeting which would bring together workers from all wavelength ranges to discuss the details of the science and art of "Very High Angular Resolution Imaging" . While the main emphasis of Symposium No. 158 was on high resolution tech niques from the radio, mm-wave, infrared and optical bands, it also provided an opportunity for presentation of astronomical results from these techniques. As well as giving our colleagues from the Northern Hemisphere a break from midwinter, the location of the Symposium in Australia recognised the continuing development of astronomical interferometry in this country, especially the recent completion of the Australia Telescope radio array, and the progress toward com missioning of the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer. A number of the par ticipants visited these instruments during the post-symposium tour.
| Author | : Katsuhiko Sato |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 336 |
| Release | : 1999-01-31 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780792354598 |
How old is our Universe? At what speed is our Universe expanding? Is our universe flat or curved? How is the hierarchical structure of the present Universe formed? The purpose of IAU Symposium 183 on the Cosmological Parameters and the Evolution of the Universe was to encourage a state-of-the-art discussion and assessment of cosmology by putting together the latest observational data and theoretical ideas on the evolution of the universe and cosmological parameters. In this volume, excellent reviews on these subjects by distinguished scientists are included. The first article by M.S. Longair, `Cosmological Parameters and the Evolution of the Universe: Progress and Prospect', is a magnificent general review which can be understood by non-specialists. The other reviews include Hubble Constants (W.L. Freedman, G.A. Tammann), Microwave Background Radiation (R.B. Partridge, N. Sugiyama), Galaxy Formation and Evolution (R.S. Ellis) and Alternative Cosmological Models (J.V. Narlikar). In addition to the reviews, recent observational and theoretical developments by outstanding active scientists are included.
