Design Recommendations For High Skew Link Slabs
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| Author | : Michael A. Romkema |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 240 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Bridges |
| ISBN | : |
This study investigates the behavior of link-slab bridges under various angles of skew, boundary conditions, and loading through the development of 60 three-dimensional, finite element bridge models. Models are generated for angles of skew of 0°, 20°, 30° , and 45°. In addition, the models are analyzed under three different boundary conditions. Loads are then applied to the models: positive and negative temperature gradients and three live load patterns, representative of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officers (AASHTO) HL-93 loading. The models are analyzed in Abaqus. Accuracy of the analysis models are confirmed with equilibrium, element quality checks, and other visual checks using the pre/post-processor HyperMesh. Trends are then developed as to how forces and moments within the link slab change based on the angle of skew and boundary conditions. Finally, a skew link slab design procedure is proposed.
| Author | : Haluk Aktan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Concrete bridges |
| ISBN | : |
A new bridge design and construction trend to help improve durability and rideability is to remove expansion joints over piers and abutments. One approach to achieve this is to make the deck continuous over the piers by means of a link slab while the girders remain simply supported. The need to implement link slabs is indicated by AASHTO LRFD section 2.5.2.4 which requires using a minimum number of expansion joints to improve rideability. Further, due to durability concerns associated with bridge deck joints, it is preferred to have a least number of joints or develop jointless decks. The expansion joints over the abutments can be removed by one of three methods: deck sliding over back wall, semi-integral abutments, and integral abutments. This results in expansion joints at either or both ends of the approaches. The design concerns other than link slab include backwall and wing-wall design and bearing movement. The behavior of a jointless bridge brings about many challenges to bridge designers. The complexity is augmented when skew is involved. This report complements an earlier report based on previous research on Combining Link Slab, Deck Sliding Over Backwall and Revising Bearings (Aktan et al., 2008) where the behavior of straight and moderately skew (skew 200) link slab bridges were investigated and design recommendations were developed. This report describes the behavior and performance of high skew (skew 200) jointless bridges with link slabs and two abutment configurations. These abutment configurations are deck sliding over backwall and backwall sliding over abutments (i.e. semi-integral abutments). Four tasks were performed in this project. The first task was to review and synthesize information related to the behavior, performance, design, and analysis of skew bridges. The second task was field assessment of skew bridge behavior under static truck loads and thermal loads. The third task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew link slabs. The final task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew sliding deck over backwall systems and semi-integral abutments. Design recommendations are developed based on literature, field assessment data analysis, finite element modeling, and subsequent simulations of the numerous models developed in this project. One recommendation deals with the skew link slab design and the remaining recommendations are for bearing selection and selection and design of a transverse restraint system at abutments of skew link slab bridges.
| Author | : Haluk Aktan |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 217 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : Concrete bridges |
| ISBN | : |
A new bridge design and construction trend to help improve durability and rideability is to remove expansion joints over piers and abutments. One approach to achieve this is to make the deck continuous over the piers by means of a link slab while the girders remain simply supported. The need to implement link slabs is indicated by AASHTO LRFD section 2.5.2.4 which requires using a minimum number of expansion joints to improve rideability. Further, due to durability concerns associated with bridge deck joints, it is preferred to have a least number of joints or develop jointless decks. The expansion joints over the abutments can be removed by one of three methods: deck sliding over back wall, semi-integral abutments, and integral abutments. This results in expansion joints at either or both ends of the approaches. The design concerns other than link slab include backwall and wing-wall design and bearing movement. The behavior of a jointless bridge brings about many challenges to bridge designers. The complexity is augmented when skew is involved. This report complements an earlier report based on previous research on Combining Link Slab, Deck Sliding Over Backwall and Revising Bearings (Aktan et al., 2008) where the behavior of straight and moderately skew (skew 200) link slab bridges were investigated and design recommendations were developed. This report describes the behavior and performance of high skew (skew 200) jointless bridges with link slabs and two abutment configurations. These abutment configurations are deck sliding over backwall and backwall sliding over abutments (i.e. semi-integral abutments). Four tasks were performed in this project. The first task was to review and synthesize information related to the behavior, performance, design, and analysis of skew bridges. The second task was field assessment of skew bridge behavior under static truck loads and thermal loads. The third task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew link slabs. The final task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew sliding deck over backwall systems and semi-integral abutments. Design recommendations are developed based on literature, field assessment data analysis, finite element modeling, and subsequent simulations of the numerous models developed in this project. One recommendation deals with the skew link slab design and the remaining recommendations are for bearing selection and selection and design of a transverse restraint system at abutments of skew link slab bridges.
| Author | : Fabio Biondini |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 4119 |
| Release | : 2012-06-21 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0203103386 |
Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Resilience and Sustainability contains the lectures and papers presented at The Sixth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2012), held in Stresa, Lake Maggiore, Italy, 8-12 July, 2012. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts (800 pp) Extensive collection of revised expert papers on recent advances in bridge maintenance, safety, management and life-cycle performance, representing a major contribution to the knowledge base of all areas of the field.
| Author | : N. M. Mitchell |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1982 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Steel Construction Institute |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Andreas J Kappos |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2012-04-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9400739435 |
The book focuses on the use of inelastic analysis methods for the seismic assessment and design of bridges, for which the work carried out so far, albeit interesting and useful, is nevertheless clearly less than that for buildings. Although some valuable literature on the subject is currently available, the most advanced inelastic analysis methods that emerged during the last decade are currently found only in the specialised research-oriented literature, such as technical journals and conference proceedings. Hence the key objective of this book is two-fold, first to present all important methods belonging to the aforementioned category in a uniform and sufficient for their understanding and implementation length, and to provide also a critical perspective on them by including selected case-studies wherein more than one methods are applied to a specific bridge and by offering some critical comments on the limitations of the individual methods and on their relative efficiency. The book should be a valuable tool for both researchers and practicing engineers dealing with seismic design and assessment of bridges, by both making the methods and the analytical tools available for their implementation, and by assisting them to select the method that best suits the individual bridge projects that each engineer and/or researcher faces.
| Author | : Conference Editor |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 936 |
| Release | : 2003-01-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9789058096012 |
Objective of conference is to define knowledge and technologies needed to design and develop project processes and to produce high-quality, competitive, environment- and consumer-friendly structures and constructed facilities. This goal is clearly related to the development and (re)-use of quality materials, to excellence in construction management and to reliable measurement and testing methods.
| Author | : John F. Unsworth |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 861 |
| Release | : 2017-08-03 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1351647105 |
This new edition encompasses current design methods used for steel railway bridges in both SI and Imperial (US Customary) units. It discusses the planning of railway bridges and the appropriate types of bridges based on planning considerations.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 53 |
| Release | : 1974-02-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0309022339 |
Many factors affect the amount of temperature-induced movement that occurs in a building and the extent to which this movement can occur before serious damage develops or extensive maintenance is required. In some cases joints are being omitted where they are needed, creating a risk of structural failures or causing unnecessary operations and maintenance costs. In other cases, expansion joints are being used where they are not required, increasing the initial cost of construction and creating space utilization problems. As of 1974, there were no nationally acceptable procedures for precise determination of the size and the location of expansion joints in buildings. Most designers and federal construction agencies individually adopted and developed guidelines based on experience and rough calculations leading to significant differences in the various guidelines used for locating and sizing expansion joints. In response to this complex problem, Expansion Joints in Buildings: Technical Report No. 65 provides federal agencies with practical procedures for evaluating the need for through-building expansion joints in structural framing systems. The report offers guidelines and criteria to standardize the practice of expansion joints in buildings and decrease problems associated with the misuse of expansions joints. Expansions Joints in Buildings: Technical Report No. 65 also makes notable recommendations concerning expansion, isolation, joints, and the manner in which they permit separate segments of the structural frame to expand and to contract in response to temperature fluctuations without adversely affecting the buildings structural integrity or serviceability.
