Criminal Careers And Communities In The United States
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| Author | : Keith Soothill |
| Publisher | : Willan |
| Total Pages | : 216 |
| Release | : 2013-05-13 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1134025831 |
The study of criminal careers is of increasing interest in criminology. It is now generally recognised that it is important to try to understand criminal behaviour across the life-course rather than focusing on fragmented incidents which provide only a partial picture. This is an accessible text which clarifies the crucial theoretical and methodological debates surrounding the study of criminal careers. It focuses on some major longitudinal studies discussing the onset, persistence, desistance and the duration of a criminal career. The important topics of prediction, risk and specialisation are addressed. The challenging question of 'When do ex-offenders become like non-offenders?' points a way forward. The book concludes by proposing an even more ambitious approach to the topic of criminal careers.
| Author | : Cynthia Baiqing Zhang |
| Publisher | : Rowman & Littlefield |
| Total Pages | : 239 |
| Release | : 2023-07-10 |
| Genre | : Psychology |
| ISBN | : 1793648891 |
Using interviews, focus group discussions, and surveys from formerly and currently incarcerated people, this book examines criminal behavior through identity and community.
| Author | : Deborah Baskin |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 261 |
| Release | : 2018-10-08 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0429981449 |
This book provides a detailed account of the criminal careers of 170 women who committed violent street crimes in New York City, describing their entry into criminal activities, their development into persistent street criminals, and, for some, their eventual transition out of street crime.
| Author | : Rolf Loeber |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 416 |
| Release | : 2012-05-09 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0199828172 |
What makes a juvenile delinquent develop into an adult criminal? What defines-cognitively, developmentally, legally-the transition from juvenile to adult and what determines whether patterns of criminal behavior persist? In most US states and Western nations, legal adulthood begins at age 18. This volume focuses on the period surrounding that abrupt transition (roughly ages 15-29) and addresses what happens to offending careers during it. Edited by two leading authorities in the fields of psychology and criminology, Transitions from Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime examines why the period of transition is important and how it can be better understood and addressed both inside and outside of the justice system. Bringing together over thirty leading scholars from multiple disciplines in both North America and Europe, this volume asks critical questions about criminal careers and causation, and whether current legal definitions of adulthood accurately reflect actual maturation and development. The volume also addresses the current efficacy of the justice system in addressing juvenile crime and recidivism, why and how juveniles ought to be treated differently from adults, if special legal provisions should be established for young adults, and the effectiveness of crime prevention programs implemented during early childhood and adolescence. With serious scholarly analysis and practical policy proposals, Transitions from Juvenile Delinquency to Adult Crime addresses what can be done to ensure that todays juvenile delinquents do not become tomorrows adult criminals.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 475 |
| Release | : 1986-02-01 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0309036844 |
By focusing attention on individuals rather than on aggregates, this book takes a novel approach to studying criminal behavior. It develops a framework for collecting information about individual criminal careers and their parameters, reviews existing knowledge about criminal career dimensions, presents models of offending patterns, and describes how criminal career information can be used to develop and refine criminal justice policies. In addition, an agenda for future research on criminal careers is presented.
| Author | : Michael Rocque |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 279 |
| Release | : 2017-04-25 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1137572345 |
This book represents a brief treatise on the theory and research behind the concept of desistance from crime. This ever-growing field has become increasingly relevant as questions of serious issues regarding sentencing, probation and the penal system continue to go unanswered. Rocque covers the history of research on desistance from crime and provides a discussion of research and theories on the topic before looking towards the future of the application of desistance to policy. The focus of the volume is to provide an overview of the practical and theoretical developments to better understand desistance. In addition, a multidisciplinary, integrative theoretical perspective is presented, ensuring that it will be of particular interest for students and scholars of criminology and the criminal justice system.
| Author | : David Weisburd |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 210 |
| Release | : 2001-02-12 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9780521777636 |
Weisburd and Waring offer here the first detailed examination of the white-collar criminal career.
| Author | : Alex R. Piquero |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 260 |
| Release | : 2007-01-08 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521613095 |
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 114 |
| Release | : 2007-11-26 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0309179580 |
Every day, about 1,600 people are released from prisons in the United States. Of these 600,000 new releasees every year, about 480,000 are subject to parole or some other kind of postrelease supervision. Prison releasees represent a challenge, both to themselves and to the communities to which they return. Will the releasees see parole as an opportunity to be reintegrated into society, with jobs and homes and supportive families and friends? Or will they commit new crimes or violate the terms of their parole contracts? If so, will they be returned to prison or placed under more stringent community supervision? Will the communities to which they return see them as people to be reintegrated or people to be avoided? And, the institution of parole itself is challenged with three different functions: to facilitate reintegration for parolees who are ready for rehabilitation; to deter crime; and to apprehend those parolees who commit new crimes and return them to prison. In recent decades, policy makers, researchers, and program administrators have focused almost exclusively on "recidivism," which is essentially the failure of releasees to refrain from crime or stay out of prison. In contrast, for this study the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) of the U.S. Department of Justice asked the National Research Council to focus on "desistance," which broadly covers continued absence of criminal activity and requires reintegration into society. Specifically, the committee was asked (1) to consider the current state of parole practices, new and emerging models of community supervision, and what is necessary for successful reentry and (2) to provide a research agenda on the effects of community supervision on desistance from criminal activity, adherence to conditions of parole, and successful reentry into the community. To carry out its charge, the committee organized and held a workshop focused on traditional and new models of community supervision, the empirical underpinnings of such models, and the infrastructure necessary to support successful reentry. Parole, Desistance from Crime, and Community Integration also reviews the literature on desistance from crime, community supervision, and the evaluation research on selected types of intervention.
| Author | : David P. Farrington |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 105 |
| Release | : 2023-05-29 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 107163335X |
This second edition book advances knowledge about criminal careers throughout life. It presents new results from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (CSDD), which is a unique longitudinal study of the development of offending from age 10 to age 61. Previous results obtained in the CSDD are reviewed, and then new findings from official criminal records up to age 61 are presented: on offending at different ages, continuity in offending, ages of onset, and criminal career duration. The number of offenders and offenses between ages 50 and 61 is noteworthy. The book then presents results on self-reported offending in different age ranges up to 48: on prevalence, frequency, continuity, and comparisons with official records that suggest that official records only capture the tip of the iceberg of offending. It then analyzes different trajectories of official offending up to age 61 and shows to what extent they could be predicted by childhood risk factors. New results from the CSDD in the last 10 years are then presented, followed by a discussion of the relevance of all the findings for criminological theories and public policies such as early intervention. This book should be of great interest not only to academics but also to policy makers and practitioners who are concerned with crime. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
