Construal

Construal
Author: Lyn Frazier
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 250
Release: 1996
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9780262061797

Construal presents a new theory of sentence processing, one that allows a limited type of underspecification in the syntactic analysis of sentences. It extends what has arguably been the dominant theory of parsing (the garden-path theory developed by Lyn Frazier and colleagues) through the 1980s into new and previously unexplored domains, and greatly advances the potential for insights into how meaning is both made and understood. Frazier and Clifton, both pioneers in parsing theory, present new psycholinguistic theory and experimentation concerning how "nonprimary" phrases are analyzed in sentence comprehension. They define a process of "construal" and show how it accounts for cases in which the parser does not fully determine structure during the course of ordinary comprehension. The idea of construal arises in part through the authors' critical review of the challenges to their established framework for research on structural parsing. While they demonstrate that the principles of parsing theory remain valid for a wide variety of languages and grammatical constructions, they go beyond them to clearly identify those types of constructions built by the process of construal. Frazier and Clifton show that construal follows distinct principles, and they flesh out their hypothesis with previously unexamined evidence and new empirical tests.

Language, Mind, and Culture

Language, Mind, and Culture
Author: Zoltan Kovecses
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2006-10-12
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 9780199774890

How do we make sense of our experience? In order to understand how we construct meaning, the varied and complex relationships among language, mind, and culture need to be understood. While cognitive linguists typically study the cognitive aspects of language, and linguistic anthropologists typically study language and culture, Language, Mind, and Culture is the first book to combine all three and provide an account of meaning-making in language and culture by examining the many cognitive operations in this process. In addition to providing a comprehensive theory of how we can account for meaning making, Language, Mind, and Culture is a textbook for anyone interested in the fascinating issues surrounding the relationship between language, mind, and culture. Further, the book is also a "practical" introduction: most of the chapters include exercises that help the student understand the theoretical issues. No prior knowledge of linguistics is assumed, and the material is accessible and useful to students in a variety of other disciplines, such as anthropology, English, sociology, philosophy, psychology, communication, rhetoric, and others. Language, Mind, and Culture helps us make sense of not only linguistic meaning but also of some of the important personal and social issues we encounter in our lives as members of particular cultures and as human beings.

Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology

Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology
Author: Charles Spielberger
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 962
Release: 2004-09-02
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0126574103

Encompasses topics including aging (geropsychology), assessment, clinical, cognitive, community, counseling, educational, environmental, family, industrial/organizational, health, school, sports, and transportation psychology. Each entry provides a clear definition, a brief review of the theoretical basis, and emphasizes major areas of application.

Cognitive Linguistics - Foundations of Language

Cognitive Linguistics - Foundations of Language
Author: Ewa Dąbrowska
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Total Pages: 401
Release: 2019-07-08
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 3110623145

Cognitive foundations of language introduces the reader to the abilities and processes in which research in Cognitive Linguistics is grounded. The book looks at key concepts, such as embodiment, salience, entrenchment, construal, categorization, and collaborative communication, and discusses their genesis and implications for cognitive linguistic research.

Theories in Social Psychology

Theories in Social Psychology
Author: Derek Chadee
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 404
Release: 2022-03-14
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1119627885

THEORIES IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY Theories in Social Psychology develops a deeper, more robust understanding of the theoretical framework underlying the field. Providing rich insights into the central theories and perspectives that continue to shape the discipline, this edited volume brings together a panel of distinguished scholars to address thirteen social psychological theories relating to social cognition, social comparison, social reinforcement, and self. In-depth critical discussions examine topics including cognitive dissonance, reactance, attribution, social comparison, relative deprivation, equity, interdependency, social identity, and more. The expanded second edition fills a substantial gap in current literature by articulating the important psychological theories rather than placing emphasis on applied research. New and revised content helps students understand the construction and complexity of key theories while inspiring researchers of social behavior to reflect on their current work and consider future areas of investigation. This comprehensive resource: Identifies and discusses the theoretical perspectives and specific theories that form the foundation of the study of social psychology Features work from leading scholars including Bertram F. Malle, Paul R. Nail, Richard E. Petty, Thomas Mussweiler, Faye J. Crosby, and Miles Hewstone Helps students move from introductory concepts to multifaceted theoretical frameworks Theories in Social Psychology, Second Edition, remains the perfect textbook for academics and students wanting to study and discuss important social psychological perspectives and theories and attain a deeper understanding of the theoretical framework. “This book will be a very valuable tool for students and professionals alike who wish to learn theories in social psychology and the role they have played in the development of the discipline. It is comprehensive in its coverage and covers the theories in an objective and engaging way.” —Robert J. Sternberg, Professor, Department of Psychology, College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Honorary Professor of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Germany “In this wonderful new edition of compilation of theories, at the core of modern social psychology, presented to us by Derek Chadee, we are given a special gift that enriches scholars, teachers and students of psychology in social and general psychology. We are treated to a clear exposition of these theories some of the research and controversy that each has generated, and are given some guidelines to new paths for future exploration of their implications. My research career has benefitted from working in the domains of dissonance, attribution, and social comparison theories, but my teaching and textbook writing has relied on all of the theories and their concepts so elegantly orchestrated here.” —Phillip G. Zimbardo, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus, Stanford University

Understanding Culture

Understanding Culture
Author: Robert S. Wyer
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 528
Release: 2013-05-13
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1136642919

This volume contains contributions from 24 internationally known scholars covering a broad spectrum of interests in cross-cultural theory and research. This breadth is reflected in the diversity of the topics covered in the volume, which include theoretical approaches to cross-cultural research, the dimensions of national cultures and their measurement, ecological and economic foundations of culture, cognitive, perceptual and emotional manifestations of culture, and bicultural and intercultural processes. In addition to the individual chapters, the volume contains a dialog among 14 experts in the field on a number of issues of concern in cross-cultural research, including the relation of psychological studies of culture to national development and national policies, the relationship between macro structures of a society and shared cognitions, the integration of structural and process models into a coherent theory of culture, how personal experiences and cultural traditions give rise to intra-cultural variation, whether culture can be validly measured by self-reports, the new challenges that confront cultural psychology, and whether psychology should strive to eliminate culture as an explanatory variable.

Handbook of Culture and Consumer Behavior

Handbook of Culture and Consumer Behavior
Author: Sharon Ng
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 369
Release: 2015-03-10
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0199388547

Research on the influence of culture on consumer decision-making and consumption behavior has witnessed tremendous growth in the last decade. With increasing globalization, managers are becoming increasingly aware that operating in multiple markets is crucial for firms' survival and growth. As the world's growth engine shifts from Europe and North America to Asia and Latin America, it has become apparent that an inward-looking and domestic focus strategy will not be sustainable in the long run. And success in foreign markets requires marketers to understand not just what consumers in these markets need but also how they think, behave, consume, and purchase. Numerous studies have documented cultural differences in values and beliefs, motivational orientations, emotions, self-regulation, and information-processing styles, and the effects of these cultural variations on consumer behavior such as brand evaluation, materialism, and impulsive consumption. In this volume, experts from a variety of disciplines and perspectives trace the historical development of culture research in consumer psychology and examine the theoretical underpinnings that account for these findings and the current state of the field. Collectively, the chapters provide a forum for researchers to engage in thoughtful debates and stimulating conversations and offer directions for future research.

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics

The Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics
Author: Dirk Geeraerts
Publisher: OUP USA
Total Pages: 1366
Release: 2010-06-09
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0199738637

With 49 chapters written by experts in the field, this reference volume authoritatively covers cognitive linguistics, from basic concepts and models to practical applications.

Social Psychology of Consumer Behavior

Social Psychology of Consumer Behavior
Author: Michaela Wanke
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 407
Release: 2008-12-16
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1136642846

This volume provides coverage of the latest social-psychological research into consumer behavior, including cognitive and affective processes, media influences, and self-regulation.

Identity and Interethnic Marriage in the United States

Identity and Interethnic Marriage in the United States
Author: Stanley Gaines, Jr.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2017-05-25
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1317196848

Drawing on psychological and sociological perspectives as well as quantitative and qualitative data, Identity and Interethnic Marriage in the United States considers the ways the self and social identity are linked to the dynamics of interethnic marriage. Bringing together the classic theoretical contributions of George Herbert Mead, Erving Goffman, and Erik Erikson with contemporary research on ethnic identity inspired by Jean Phinney, this book argues that the self and social identity—especially ethnic identity—are reflected in individuals’ complex journey from singlehood to interethnic marriage within the United States.