Constraining Conventional Proliferation

Constraining Conventional Proliferation
Author: Keith Krause
Publisher:
Total Pages: 236
Release: 1996
Genre: History
ISBN:

Examines the issue of conventional arms proliferation from the Canadian perspective, with particular emphasis on identifying pragmatic options for action, based on Canadian national interests, that could contribute to international efforts to constrain conventional arms proliferation. Also addresses the strengths and limitations of Canada's ability to contribute to such international efforts. Among the issues discussed are the global conventional arms trade, Canada's defence production and exports, transparency measures such as the United Nations Register of Conventional Arms, the relationship of arms spending to human rights as well as social and economic development, and post-conflict conventional weapons disarmament measures. Reviews patterns and consequences of conventional proliferation, past and present efforts to constrain conventional proliferation, and options for constraining conventional proliferation. These options include unilateral measures, basic norm building, and multilateral opportunities.

Constraining Proliferation

Constraining Proliferation
Author: Patricia Bliss McFate
Publisher:
Total Pages: 88
Release: 1993
Genre: Arms control
ISBN:

While many studies have evaluated specific verification techniques, procedures or agencies, relatively little has been written about the multiplier effects associated with verification synergies. This paper identifies many of these effects, using specific arms control examples where appropriate, and emphasizing examples relating to non-proliferation. It also provides a basis for taking these synergies into account during the process of formulating and evaluating the effectiveness of the verification regimes of particular agreements and actions. The paper considers the cooperative, adversarial, and coercive forms of verification as exemplified by the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty, the Chemical Weapons Convention, and the UNSCOM inspections in Iraq following the War in the Gulf, respectively.

Exporting the Bomb

Exporting the Bomb
Author: Matthew H. Kroenig
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Total Pages: 249
Release: 2011-10-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 080145767X

In a vitally important book for anyone interested in nuclear proliferation, defense strategy, or international security, Matthew Kroenig points out that nearly every country with a nuclear weapons arsenal received substantial help at some point from a more advanced nuclear state. Why do some countries help others to develop nuclear weapons? Many analysts assume that nuclear transfers are driven by economic considerations. States in dire economic need, they suggest, export sensitive nuclear materials and technology—and ignore the security risk—in a desperate search for hard currency. Kroenig challenges this conventional wisdom. He finds that state decisions to provide sensitive nuclear assistance are the result of a coherent, strategic logic. The spread of nuclear weapons threatens powerful states more than it threatens weak states, and these differential effects of nuclear proliferation encourage countries to provide sensitive nuclear assistance under certain strategic conditions. Countries are more likely to export sensitive nuclear materials and technology when it would have the effect of constraining an enemy and less likely to do so when it would threaten themselves. In Exporting the Bomb, Kroenig examines the most important historical cases, including France's nuclear assistance to Israel in the 1950s and 1960s; the Soviet Union's sensitive transfers to China from 1958 to 1960; China's nuclear aid to Pakistan in the 1980s; and Pakistan's recent technology transfers, with the help of "rogue" scientist A. Q. Khan, from 1987 to 2002. Understanding why states provide sensitive nuclear assistance not only adds to our knowledge of international politics but also aids in international efforts to control the spread of nuclear weapons.

Nuclear Proliferation and International Security

Nuclear Proliferation and International Security
Author: Morten Bremer Mærli
Publisher: Psychology Press
Total Pages: 357
Release: 2007
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0415420474

Nuclear weapons remain an essential part of the security policies of leading states. This volume assesses contemporary efforts to stem nuclear proliferation with a view to recommending better non-proliferation tools and strategies. It is of interest to students of nuclear proliferation, arms control, and international security in general.

The Maturing Conventional Arms Transfer and Production System

The Maturing Conventional Arms Transfer and Production System
Author: Keith Krause
Publisher: Non-Proliferation, Arms Control and Disarmament Division
Total Pages: 122
Release: 1994
Genre: Arms control
ISBN:

Includes excerpts from statements made by member states at the 48th session of the UN First Committee, and a listing of books, newspapers, journal and magazine articles and wire reports referring to the UN Register of Conventional arms.

Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence

Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence
Author: Naval Studies Board
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 244
Release: 1997-04-16
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0309553237

Deterrence as a strategic concept evolved during the Cold War. During that period, deterrence strategy was aimed mainly at preventing aggression against the United States and its close allies by the hostile Communist power centers--the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its allies, Communist China and North Korea. In particular, the strategy was devised to prevent aggression involving nuclear attack by the USSR or China. Since the end of the Cold War, the risk of war among the major powers has subsided to the lowest point in modern history. Still, the changing nature of the threats to American and allied security interests has stimulated a considerable broadening of the deterrence concept. Post-Cold War Conflict Deterrence examines the meaning of deterrence in this new environment and identifies key elements of a post-Cold War deterrence strategy and the critical issues in devising such a strategy. It further examines the significance of these findings for the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps. Quantitative and qualitative measures to support judgments about the potential success or failure of deterrence are identified. Such measures will bear on the suitability of the naval forces to meet the deterrence objectives. The capabilities of U.S. naval forces that especially bear on the deterrence objectives also are examined. Finally, the book examines the utility of models, games, and simulations as decision aids in improving the naval forces' understanding of situations in which deterrence must be used and in improving the potential success of deterrence actions.

Seeking the Bomb

Seeking the Bomb
Author: Vipin Narang
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 400
Release: 2022-01-11
Genre: History
ISBN: 0691172625

The first systematic look at the different strategies that states employ in their pursuit of nuclear weapons Much of the work on nuclear proliferation has focused on why states pursue nuclear weapons. The question of how states pursue nuclear weapons has received little attention. Seeking the Bomb is the first book to analyze this topic by examining which strategies of nuclear proliferation are available to aspirants, why aspirants select one strategy over another, and how this matters to international politics. Looking at a wide range of nations, from India and Japan to the Soviet Union and North Korea to Iraq and Iran, Vipin Narang develops an original typology of proliferation strategies—hedging, sprinting, sheltered pursuit, and hiding. Each strategy of proliferation provides different opportunities for the development of nuclear weapons, while at the same time presenting distinct vulnerabilities that can be exploited to prevent states from doing so. Narang delves into the crucial implications these strategies have for nuclear proliferation and international security. Hiders, for example, are especially disruptive since either they successfully attain nuclear weapons, irrevocably altering the global power structure, or they are discovered, potentially triggering serious crises or war, as external powers try to halt or reverse a previously clandestine nuclear weapons program. As the international community confronts the next generation of potential nuclear proliferators, Seeking the Bomb explores how global conflict and stability are shaped by the ruthlessly pragmatic ways states choose strategies of proliferation.

Stopping the Bomb

Stopping the Bomb
Author: Nicholas L. Miller
Publisher: Cornell University Press
Total Pages: 510
Release: 2018-04-15
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1501717820

This is an intense and meticulously sourced study on the topic of nuclear weapons proliferation, beginning with America's introduction of the Atomic Age... His book provides a full explanation of America's policy with a time sequence necessarily focusing on the domino effect of states acquiring a nuclear weapons capability and the import of bureaucratic decisions on international political behavior.― Choice Stopping the Bomb examines the historical development and effectiveness of American efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons. Nicholas L. Miller offers here a novel theory that argues changes in American nonproliferation policy are the keys to understanding the nuclear landscape from the 1960s onward. The Chinese and Indian nuclear tests in the 1960s and 1970s forced the US government, Miller contends, to pay new and considerable attention to the idea of nonproliferation and to reexamine its foreign policies. Stopping the Bomb explores the role of the United States in combating the spread of nuclear weapons, an area often ignored to date. He explains why these changes occurred and how effective US policies have been in preventing countries from seeking and acquiring nuclear weapons. Miller's findings highlight the relatively rapid move from a permissive approach toward allies acquiring nuclear weapons to a more universal nonproliferation policy no matter whether friend or foe. Four in-depth case studies of US nonproliferation policy—toward Taiwan, Pakistan, Iran, and France—elucidate how the United States can compel countries to reverse ongoing nuclear weapons programs. Miller's findings in Stopping the Bomb have important implications for the continued study of nuclear proliferation, US nonproliferation policy, and beyond.