Computer-Aided Design Techniques for Low Power Sequential Logic Circuits

Computer-Aided Design Techniques for Low Power Sequential Logic Circuits
Author: José Monteiro
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 194
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461563194

Rapid increases in chip complexity, increasingly faster clocks, and the proliferation of portable devices have combined to make power dissipation an important design parameter. The power consumption of a digital system determines its heat dissipation as well as battery life. For some systems, power has become the most critical design constraint. Computer-Aided Design Techniques for Low Power Sequential Logic Circuits presents a methodology for low power design. The authors first present a survey of techniques for estimating the average power dissipation of a logic circuit. At the logic level, power dissipation is directly related to average switching activity. A symbolic simulation method that accurately computes the average switching activity in logic circuits is then described. This method is extended to handle sequential logic circuits by modeling correlation in time and by calculating the probabilities of present state lines. Computer-Aided Design Techniques for Low Power Sequential Logic Circuits then presents a survey of methods to optimize logic circuits for low power dissipation which target reduced switching activity. A method to retime a sequential logic circuit where registers are repositioned such that the overall glitching in the circuit is minimized is also described. The authors then detail a powerful optimization method that is based on selectively precomputing the output logic values of a circuit one clock cycle before they are required, and using the precomputed value to reduce internal switching activity in the succeeding clock cycle. Presented next is a survey of methods that reduce switching activity in circuits described at the register-transfer and behavioral levels. Also described is a scheduling algorithm that reduces power dissipation by maximising the inactivity period of the modules in a given circuit. Computer-Aided Design Techniques for Low Power Sequential Logic Circuits concludes with a summary and directions for future research.

Sequential Logic Synthesis

Sequential Logic Synthesis
Author: Pranav Ashar
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 238
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461536286

3. 2 Input Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic . . . . . . . . 27 3. 2. 1 One-Hot Coding and Multiple-Valued Minimization 28 3. 2. 2 Input Constraints and Face Embedding 30 3. 3 Satisfying Encoding Constraints . . . . . . . 32 3. 3. 1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3. 3. 2 Column-Based Constraint Satisfaction 33 3. 3. 3 Row-Based Constraint Satisfaction . . 37 3. 3. 4 Constraint Satisfaction Using Dichotomies . 38 3. 3. 5 Simulated Annealing for Constraint Satisfaction 41 3. 4 Input Encoding Targeting Multilevel Logic. . 43 3. 4. 1 Kernels and Kernel Intersections . . . 44 3. 4. 2 Kernels and Multiple-Valued Variables 46 3. 4. 3 Multiple-Valued Factorization. . . . . 48 3. 4. 4 Size Estimation in Algebraic Decomposition . 53 3. 4. 5 The Encoding Step . 54 3. 5 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . 55 4 Encoding of Symbolic Outputs 57 4. 1 Heuristic Output Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic. 59 4. 1. 1 Dominance Relations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 4. 1. 2 Output Encoding by the Derivation of Dominance Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 . . 4. 1. 3 Heuristics to Minimize the Number of Encoding Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 4. 1. 4 Disjunctive Relationships . . . . . . . . . . . 65 4. 1. 5 Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 . . 4. 2 Exact Output Encoding Targeting Two-Level Logic. 66 4. 2. 1 Generation of Generalized Prime Implicants . 68 4. 2. 2 Selecting a Minimum Encodeable Cover . . . 68 4. 2. 3 Dominance and Disjunctive Relationships to S- isfy Constraints . . . . . . . . . . . 70 4. 2. 4 Constructing the Optimized Cover 73 4. 2. 5 Correctness of the Procedure . . 73 4. 2. 6 Multiple Symbolic Outputs . . .

Sequential Logic Testing and Verification

Sequential Logic Testing and Verification
Author: Abhijit Ghosh
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 224
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461536464

In order to design and build computers that achieve and sustain high performance, it is essential that reliability issues be considered care fully. The problem has several aspects. Certainly, considering reliability implies that an engineer must be able to analyze how design decisions affect the incidence of failure. For instance, in order design reliable inte gritted circuits, it is necessary to analyze how decisions regarding design rules affect the yield, i.e., the percentage of functional chips obtained by the manufacturing process. Of equal importance in producing reliable computers is the detection of failures in its Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuit components, caused by errors in the design specification, implementation, or manufacturing processes. Design verification involves the checking of the specification of a design for correctness prior to carrying out an implementation. Implementation verification ensures that the manual design or automatic synthesis process is correct, i.e., the mask-level description correctly implements the specification. Manufacture test involves the checking of the complex fabrication process for correctness, i.e., ensuring that there are no manufacturing defects in the integrated circuit. It should be noted that all the above verification mechanisms deal not only with verifying the functionality of the integrated circuit but also its performance.

Algorithms for Synthesis and Testing of Asynchronous Circuits

Algorithms for Synthesis and Testing of Asynchronous Circuits
Author: Luciano Lavagno
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 353
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461532124

Since the second half of the 1980s asynchronous circuits have been the subject of a great deal of research following a period of relative oblivion. The lack of interest in asynchronous techniques was motivated by the progressive shift towards synchronous design techniques that had much more structure and were much easier to verify and synthesize. System design requirements made it impossible to eliminate totally the use of asynchronous circuits. Given the objective difficulty encountered by designers, the asynchronous components of electronic systems such as interfaces became a serious bottleneck in the design process. The use of new models and some theoretical breakthroughs made it possible to develop asynchronous design techniques that were reliable and effective. This book describes a variety of mathematical models and of algorithms that form the backbone and the body of a new design methodology for asyn chronous design. The book is intended for asynchronous hardware designers, for computer-aided tool experts, and for digital designers interested in ex ploring the possibility of designing asynchronous circuits. It requires a solid mathematical background in discrete event systems and algorithms. While the book has not been written as a textbook, nevertheless it could be used as a reference book in an advanced course in logic synthesis or asynchronous design.

Computer Aided Verification

Computer Aided Verification
Author: Nicolas Halbwachs
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 515
Release: 2003-07-31
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540486836

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, CAV'99, held in Trento, Italy in July 1999 as part of FLoC'99. The 34 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 107 submissions. Also included are six invited contributions and five tool presentations. The book is organized in topical sections on processor verification, protocol verification and testing, infinite state spaces, theory of verification, linear temporal logic, modeling of systems, symbolic model checking, theorem proving, automata-theoretic methods, and abstraction.

VLSI-SoC: Design Trends

VLSI-SoC: Design Trends
Author: Andrea Calimera
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2021-07-14
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030816419

This book contains extended and revised versions of the best papers presented at the 28th IFIP WG 10.5/IEEE International Conference on Very Large Scale Integration, VLSI-SoC 2020, held in Salt Lake City, UT, USA, in October 2020.* The 16 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from the 38 papers (out of 74 submissions) presented at the conference. The papers discuss the latest academic and industrial results and developments as well as future trends in the field of System-on-Chip (SoC) design, considering the challenges of nano-scale, state-of-the-art and emerging manufacturing technologies. In particular they address cutting-edge research fields like low-power design of RF, analog and mixed-signal circuits, EDA tools for the synthesis and verification of heterogenous SoCs, accelerators for cryptography and deep learning and on-chip Interconnection system, reliability and testing, and integration of 3D-ICs. *The conference was held virtually.

Advances in Computer Systems Architecture

Advances in Computer Systems Architecture
Author: Amos Omondi
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 420
Release: 2003-11-03
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3540398643

This conference marked the ?rst time that the Asia-Paci?c Computer Systems Architecture Conference was held outside Australasia (i. e. Australia and New Zealand), and was, we hope, the start of what will be a regular event. The conference started in 1992 as a workshop for computer architects in Australia and subsequently developed into a full-?edged conference covering Austra- sia. Two additional major changes led to the present conference. The ?rst was a change from “computer architecture” to “computer systems architecture”, a change that recognized the importance and close relationship to computer arc- tecture of certain levels of software (e. g. operating systems and compilers) and of other areas (e. g. computer networks). The second change, which re?ected the increasing number of papers being submitted from Asia, was the replacement of “Australasia” with “Asia-Paci?c”. This year’s event was therefore particularly signi?cant, in that it marked the beginning of a truly “Asia-Paci?c” conference. It is intended that in the future the conference venue will alternate between Asia and Australia/New Zealand and, although still small, we hope that in time the conference will develop into a major one that represents Asia to the same - tent as existing major computer-architecture conferences in North America and Europe represent those regions.

Electronic Design Automation for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology

Electronic Design Automation for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology
Author: Luciano Lavagno
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 893
Release: 2017-02-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1351831003

The second of two volumes in the Electronic Design Automation for Integrated Circuits Handbook, Second Edition, Electronic Design Automation for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology thoroughly examines real-time logic (RTL) to GDSII (a file format used to transfer data of semiconductor physical layout) design flow, analog/mixed signal design, physical verification, and technology computer-aided design (TCAD). Chapters contributed by leading experts authoritatively discuss design for manufacturability (DFM) at the nanoscale, power supply network design and analysis, design modeling, and much more. New to This Edition: Major updates appearing in the initial phases of the design flow, where the level of abstraction keeps rising to support more functionality with lower non-recurring engineering (NRE) costs Significant revisions reflected in the final phases of the design flow, where the complexity due to smaller and smaller geometries is compounded by the slow progress of shorter wavelength lithography New coverage of cutting-edge applications and approaches realized in the decade since publication of the previous edition—these are illustrated by new chapters on 3D circuit integration and clock design Offering improved depth and modernity, Electronic Design Automation for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology provides a valuable, state-of-the-art reference for electronic design automation (EDA) students, researchers, and professionals.

EDA for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology

EDA for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology
Author: Luciano Lavagno
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 704
Release: 2018-10-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1351837583

Presenting a comprehensive overview of the design automation algorithms, tools, and methodologies used to design integrated circuits, the Electronic Design Automation for Integrated Circuits Handbook is available in two volumes. The second volume, EDA for IC Implementation, Circuit Design, and Process Technology, thoroughly examines real-time logic to GDSII (a file format used to transfer data of semiconductor physical layout), analog/mixed signal design, physical verification, and technology CAD (TCAD). Chapters contributed by leading experts authoritatively discuss design for manufacturability at the nanoscale, power supply network design and analysis, design modeling, and much more. Save on the complete set.