Compiler Assisted Workload Consolidation To Efficiently Exploit Dynamic Parallelism For Recursive Applications
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| Author | : Hancheng Wu (Researcher on electrical engineering) |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 40 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
GPUs have been widely used to parallelize and accelerate applications for its high throughput. Traditionally, a GPU function can only be launched from the CPU side. This results in the fact that GPUs are preferable for those application which express a flat data parallelism, a simple data parallelism that is known at compiling time and can be easily distributed to different GPU blocks and threads. However, for those applications that contain nested data parallelism, which is not known a priori and can only be discovered at running time, it is difficult to write a GPU function that achieve high performance on parallelization and acceleration. One can easily end up with either a too coarse-grained or too fine-grained GPU function. Since Kepler architecture, Nvidia introduced a new feature -- Dynamic Parallelism (DP), which enables the initiation of GPU functions from inside a GPU function. This makes the nested parallelism easy to be explored on GPU since one can program in a way that a new GPU function can be launched whenever a local nested parallelism is met during the execution. What is more, DP makes implementing recursion on GPU without the intervention of CPUs possible. Many computations exhibit a pattern of nested data parallelism and among those is parallel recursion. However, preliminary data shows that simple DP-based implementations of recursion result in poor performance. This work focus on how to efficiently exploit DP for parallel recursive applications on GPU. Specifically, the goal is to free the users from programming with the complexity of GPUs' hardware and software and to automatically generate high performance GPU recursive functions implemented with DP given the inputs of simple parallel CPU recursive functions. To this end, first, I propose several DP-based parallel recursive templates that can be generated from a serial CPU recursive function. I compare the parallel recursive templates with non DP-based counterparts (flat kernels) to see if using DP in parallel recursive application can be beneficial or not. Second, to reduce the overhead of DP, I propose compiler techniques that improve the efficiency of simple DP-based parallel recursive functions by performing workload consolidation. My evaluation shows that GPU kernels consolidated with the proposed code transformations achieve an average speedup in the order of 1500x over basic implementations using DP and an average speedup of 3.9x over optimized flat GPU kernels for both tree traversal and graph based applications.
| Author | : Koen de Bosschere |
| Publisher | : IOS Press |
| Total Pages | : 688 |
| Release | : 2012 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1614990409 |
Single processing units have now reached a point where further major improvements in their performance are restricted by their physical limitations. This is causing a slowing down in advances at the same time as new scientific challenges are demanding exascale speed. This has meant that parallel processing has become key to High Performance Computing (HPC). This book contains the proceedings of the 14th biennial ParCo conference, ParCo2011, held in Ghent, Belgium. The ParCo conferences have traditionally concentrated on three main themes: Algorithms, Architectures and Applications. Nowadays though, the focus has shifted from traditional multiprocessor topologies to heterogeneous and manycores, incorporating standard CPUs, GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) and FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Arrays). These platforms are, at a higher abstraction level, integrated in clusters, grids and clouds. The papers presented here reflect this change of focus. New architectures, programming tools and techniques are also explored, and the need for exascale hardware and software was also discussed in the industrial session of the conference.This book will be of interest to all those interested in parallel computing today, and progress towards the exascale computing of tomorrow.
| Author | : Leando Soares Indrusiak |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 177 |
| Release | : 2022-09-01 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1000794385 |
The availability of many-core computing platforms enables a wide variety of technical solutions for systems across the embedded, high-performance and cloud computing domains. However, large scale manycore systems are notoriously hard to optimise. Choices regarding resource allocation alone can account for wide variability in timeliness and energy dissipation (up to several orders of magnitude). Dynamic Resource Allocation in Embedded, High-Performance and Cloud Computing covers dynamic resource allocation heuristics for manycore systems, aiming to provide appropriate guarantees on performance and energy efficiency. It addresses different types of systems, aiming to harmonise the approaches to dynamic allocation across the complete spectrum between systems with little flexibility and strict real-time guarantees all the way to highly dynamic systems with soft performance requirements. Technical topics presented in the book include: • Load and Resource Models• Admission Control• Feedback-based Allocation and Optimisation• Search-based Allocation Heuristics• Distributed Allocation based on Swarm Intelligence• Value-Based AllocationEach of the topics is illustrated with examples based on realistic computational platforms such as Network-on-Chip manycore processors, grids and private cloud environments.
| Author | : Rajkumar Buyya |
| Publisher | : Newnes |
| Total Pages | : 469 |
| Release | : 2013-04-05 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 0124095399 |
Mastering Cloud Computing is designed for undergraduate students learning to develop cloud computing applications. Tomorrow's applications won't live on a single computer but will be deployed from and reside on a virtual server, accessible anywhere, any time. Tomorrow's application developers need to understand the requirements of building apps for these virtual systems, including concurrent programming, high-performance computing, and data-intensive systems. The book introduces the principles of distributed and parallel computing underlying cloud architectures and specifically focuses on virtualization, thread programming, task programming, and map-reduce programming. There are examples demonstrating all of these and more, with exercises and labs throughout. - Explains how to make design choices and tradeoffs to consider when building applications to run in a virtual cloud environment - Real-world case studies include scientific, business, and energy-efficiency considerations
| Author | : Dror G. Feitelson |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 569 |
| Release | : 2015-03-23 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1107078237 |
A book for experts and practitioners, emphasizing the intuition and reasoning behind definitions and derivations related to evaluating computer systems performance.
| Author | : Randy Allen |
| Publisher | : Morgan Kaufmann Publishers |
| Total Pages | : 790 |
| Release | : 2001-10 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9781493303540 |
Modern computer architectures designed with high-performance microprocessors offer tremendous potential gains in performance over previous designs. Yet their very complexity makes it increasingly difficult to produce efficient code and to realize their full potential. This landmark text from two leaders in the field focuses on the pivotal role that compilers can play in addressing this critical issue. The basis for all the methods presented in this book is data dependence, a fundamental compiler analysis tool for optimizing programs on high-performance microprocessors and parallel architectures. It enables compiler designers to write compilers that automatically transform simple, sequential programs into forms that can exploit special features of these modern architectures. The text provides a broad introduction to data dependence, to the many transformation strategies it supports, and to its applications to important optimization problems such as parallelization, compiler memory hierarchy management, and instruction scheduling. The authors demonstrate the importance and wide applicability of dependence-based compiler optimizations and give the compiler writer the basics needed to understand and implement them. They also offer cookbook explanations for transforming applications by hand to computational scientists and engineers who are driven to obtain the best possible performance of their complex applications. The approaches presented are based on research conducted over the past two decades, emphasizing the strategies implemented in research prototypes at Rice University and in several associated commercial systems. Randy Allen and Ken Kennedy have provided an indispensable resource for researchers, practicing professionals, and graduate students engaged in designing and optimizing compilers for modern computer architectures. * Offers a guide to the simple, practical algorithms and approaches that are most effective in real-world, high-performance microprocessor and parallel systems. * Demonstrates each transformation in worked examples. * Examines how two case study compilers implement the theories and practices described in each chapter. * Presents the most complete treatment of memory hierarchy issues of any compiler text. * Illustrates ordering relationships with dependence graphs throughout the book. * Applies the techniques to a variety of languages, including Fortran 77, C, hardware definition languages, Fortran 90, and High Performance Fortran. * Provides extensive references to the most sophisticated algorithms known in research.
| Author | : Nayyar Dr. Anand |
| Publisher | : BPB Publications |
| Total Pages | : 420 |
| Release | : 2019-09-20 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9388511506 |
Great POSSIBILITIES and high future prospects to become ten times folds in the near FUTUREKey features Comprehensively gives clear picture of current state-of-the-art aspect of cloud computing by elaborating terminologies, models and other related terms. Enlightens all major players in Cloud Computing industry providing services in terms of SaaS, PaaS and IaaS. Highlights Cloud Computing Simulators, Security Aspect and Resource Allocation. In-depth presentation with well-illustrated diagrams and simple to understand technical concepts of cloud. Description The book "e;Handbook of Cloud Computing"e; provides the latest and in-depth information of this relatively new and another platform for scientific computing which has great possibilities and high future prospects to become ten folds in near future. The book covers in comprehensive manner all aspects and terminologies associated with cloud computing like SaaS, PaaS and IaaS and also elaborates almost every cloud computing service model.The book highlights several other aspects of cloud computing like Security, Resource allocation, Simulation Platforms and futuristic trend i.e. Mobile cloud computing. The book will benefit all the readers with all in-depth technical information which is required to understand current and futuristic concepts of cloud computing. No prior knowledge of cloud computing or any of its related technology is required in reading this book. What will you learn Cloud Computing, Virtualisation Software as a Service, Platform as a Service, Infrastructure as a Service Data in Cloud and its Security Cloud Computing - Simulation, Mobile Cloud Computing Specific Cloud Service Models Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing Who this book is for Students of Polytechnic Diploma Classes- Computer Science/ Information Technology Graduate Students- Computer Science/ CSE / IT/ Computer Applications Master Class Students-Msc (CS/IT)/ MCA/ M.Phil, M.Tech, M.S. Researcher's-Ph.D Research Scholars doing work in Virtualization, Cloud Computing and Cloud Security Industry Professionals- Preparing for Certifications, Implementing Cloud Computing and even working on Cloud Security Table of contents1. Introduction to Cloud Computing2. Virtualisation3. Software as a Service4. Platform as a Service5. Infrastructure as a Service6. Data in Cloud7. Cloud Security 8. Cloud Computing - Simulation9. Specific Cloud Service Models10. Resource Allocation in Cloud Computing11. Mobile Cloud Computing About the authorDr. Anand Nayyar received Ph.D (Computer Science) in Wireless Sensor Networks and Swarm Intelligence. Presently he is working in Graduate School, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam. He has total of fourteen Years of Teaching, Research and Consultancy experience with more than 250 Research Papers in various International Conferences and highly reputed journals. He is certified Professional with more than 75 certificates and member of 50 Professional Organizations. He is acting as "e;ACM DISTINGUISHED SPEAKER"e;
| Author | : Joseph M. Hellerstein |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 884 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780262693141 |
The latest edition of a popular text and reference on database research, with substantial new material and revision; covers classical literature and recent hot topics. Lessons from database research have been applied in academic fields ranging from bioinformatics to next-generation Internet architecture and in industrial uses including Web-based e-commerce and search engines. The core ideas in the field have become increasingly influential. This text provides both students and professionals with a grounding in database research and a technical context for understanding recent innovations in the field. The readings included treat the most important issues in the database area--the basic material for any DBMS professional. This fourth edition has been substantially updated and revised, with 21 of the 48 papers new to the edition, four of them published for the first time. Many of the sections have been newly organized, and each section includes a new or substantially revised introduction that discusses the context, motivation, and controversies in a particular area, placing it in the broader perspective of database research. Two introductory articles, never before published, provide an organized, current introduction to basic knowledge of the field; one discusses the history of data models and query languages and the other offers an architectural overview of a database system. The remaining articles range from the classical literature on database research to treatments of current hot topics, including a paper on search engine architecture and a paper on application servers, both written expressly for this edition. The result is a collection of papers that are seminal and also accessible to a reader who has a basic familiarity with database systems.
| Author | : Kenneth R. Baker |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 407 |
| Release | : 2013-06-05 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1118626257 |
An up-to-date and comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of scheduling theory, including recent advances and state-of-the-art topics Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling strikes a unique balance between theory and practice, providing an accessible introduction to the concepts, methods, and results of scheduling theory and its core topics. With real-world examples and up-to-date modeling techniques, the book equips readers with the basic knowledge needed for understanding scheduling theory and delving into its applications. The authors begin with an introduction and overview of sequencing and scheduling, including single-machine sequencing, optimization and heuristic solution methods, and models with earliness and tardiness penalties. The most current material on stochastic scheduling, including correct scheduling of safety time and the use of simulation for optimization, is then presented and integrated with deterministic models. Additional topical coverage includes: Extensions of the basic model Parallel-machine models Flow shop scheduling Scheduling groups of jobs The job shop problem Simulation models for the dynamic job shop Network methods for project scheduling Resource-constrained project scheduling Stochastic and safe scheduling Extensive end-of-chapter exercises are provided, some of which are spreadsheet-oriented, and link scheduling theory to the most popular analytic platform among today's students and practitioners—the Microsoft Office Excel® spreadsheet. Extensive references direct readers to additional literature, and the book's related Web site houses material that reinforces the book's concepts, including research notes, data sets, and examples from the text. Principles of Sequencing and Scheduling is an excellent book for courses on sequencing and scheduling at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. It is also a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the fields of statistics, computer science, operations research, and engineering.
| Author | : Miro Samek |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 412 |
| Release | : 2002-01-07 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1578201101 |
'Downright revolutionary... the title is a major understatement... 'Quantum Programming' may ultimately change the way embedded software is designed.' -- Michael Barr, Editor-in-Chief, Embedded Systems Programming magazine (Click here
