Chemosensory Information Processing
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| Author | : Detlev Schild |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 405 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 364275127X |
In July 1989 a symposium was held at the Physiology Department of the Georg August University, G6ttingen, on the physiological, biophysical, biochemical, and technical principles of the coding of chemical substances both in nervous systems and artificial devices. This book is the collection of the papers presented at that meeting. Biological and artificial systems for odor coding both have in common that the stimulus selectivity of the receptor cells (sensors) is usually very poor, and the mechanisms which determine selectivity and sensitivity are largely unknown. However, a poor selectivity allows the coding of an enormous number of stimuli by combinations of receptor activities. In the field of chemosensory information coding there are thus two major problems: the function of the receptors and the network that processes and evaluates the primary information of the sensors. Accordingly, this volume has three parts: sensors, the network following the sensors, and the coding in this network. The expert secretarial assistance of M. Holtmann in preparing the camera-ready manuscript is gratefully acknowledged. D. Schild G6ttingen, August 1989 CONTENTS l. Response of olfactory receptor cells, isolated and in situ, to low concentrations of odorants 1 Stephan Frings, Bernd Lindemann 2. Excitation and adaptation of frog olfactory receptor neurones upon stimulation with second messengers and natural odorants 9 D. Schild, J. A. DeSimone, S. Hellwig 3. Receptor selectivity and dimensionality of odours at the stage of the olfactory receptor cells 21 GiJJes Sicard 4.
| Author | : Krishna C. Persaud |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 237 |
| Release | : 2016-04-19 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1439871728 |
Many advances have been made in the last decade in the understanding of the computational principles underlying olfactory system functioning. Neuromorphic Olfaction is a collaboration among European researchers who, through NEUROCHEM (Fp7-Grant Agreement Number 216916)-a challenging and innovative European-funded project-introduce novel computing p
| Author | : Andrew J. Taylor |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 304 |
| Release | : 2008-04-15 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1405150017 |
Unlike other human senses, the exact mechanisms that lead to our perception of flavor have not yet been elucidated. It is recognised that the process involves a wide range of stimuli, which are thought likely to interact in a complex way, but, since the chemical compounds and physical structures that activate the flavor sensors change as the food is eaten, measurements of the changes in stimuli with time are essential to an understanding of the relationship between stimuli and perception. It is clear that we need to consider the whole process - the release of flavor chemicals in the mouth, the transport processes to the receptors, the specificity and characteristics of the receptors, the transduction mechanisms and the subsequent processing of signals locally and at higher centres in the brain. This book provides a state-of-the-art review of our current understanding of the key stages of flavor perception for those working in the flavor field, whether in the academic or industrial sector. In particular, it is directed at food scientists and technologists, ingredients suppliers and sensory scientists.
| Author | : Frank Zufall |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 432 |
| Release | : 2016-02-18 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128017864 |
Written by leaders in the field of chemosensation, Chemosensory Transduction provides a comprehensive resource for understanding the molecular mechanisms that allow animals to detect their chemical world. The text focuses on mammals, but also includes several chapters on chemosensory transduction mechanisms in lower vertebrates and insects. This book examines transduction mechanisms in the olfactory, taste, and somatosensory (chemesthetic) systems as well as in a variety of internal sensors that are responsible for homeostatic regulation of the body. Chapters cover such topics as social odors in mammals, vertebrate and invertebrate olfactory receptors, peptide signaling in taste and gut nutrient sensing. Includes a foreword by preeminent olfactory scientist Stuart Firestein, Chair of Columbia University's Department of Biological Sciences in New York, NY. Chemosensory Transduction describes state-of-the-art approaches and key findings related to the study of the chemical senses. Thus, it serves as the go-to reference for this subject for practicing scientists and students with backgrounds in sensory biology and/or neurobiology. The volume will also be valuable for industry researchers engaged in the design or testing of flavors, fragrances, foods and/or pharmaceuticals. - Provides a comprehensive overview for all chemosensory transduction mechanisms - Valuable for academics focused on sensory biology, neurobiology, and chemosensory transduction, as well as industry researchers in new flavor, fragrance, and food testing - Edited by leading experts in the field of olfactory transduction - Focuses on mammals, but lower vertebrates and invertebrate model systems are also included
| Author | : Anna Menini |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 2009-11-24 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1420071998 |
Comprehensive Overview of Advances in OlfactionThe common belief is that human smell perception is much reduced compared with other mammals, so that whatever abilities are uncovered and investigated in animal research would have little significance for humans. However, new evidence from a variety of sources indicates this traditional view is likely
| Author | : Lawrence K. Saul |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 1710 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780262195348 |
Papers presented at NIPS, the flagship meeting on neural computation, held in December 2004 in Vancouver.The annual Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS) conference is the flagship meeting on neural computation. It draws a diverse group of attendees--physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The presentations are interdisciplinary, with contributions in algorithms, learning theory, cognitive science, neuroscience, brain imaging, vision, speech and signal processing, reinforcement learning and control, emerging technologies, and applications. Only twenty-five percent of the papers submitted are accepted for presentation at NIPS, so the quality is exceptionally high. This volume contains the papers presented at the December, 2004 conference, held in Vancouver.
| Author | : Howard C. Berg |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 136 |
| Release | : 2008-01-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387216383 |
Escherichia coli, commonly referred to as E. coli, has been the organism of choice for molecular genetics for decades. Its machinery and mobile behavior is one of the most fascinating topics for cell scientists. Scientists and engineers, not trained in microbiology, and who would like to learn more about living machines, can see it as a unique example. This cross-disciplinary monograph covers more than thirty years of research and is accessible to graduate students and scientists alike.
| Author | : Sebastian Thrun |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 1694 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780262201520 |
Papers presented at the 2003 Neural Information Processing Conference by leading physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The annual Neural Information Processing (NIPS) conference is the flagship meeting on neural computation. It draws a diverse group of attendees -- physicists, neuroscientists, mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The presentations are interdisciplinary, with contributions in algorithms, learning theory, cognitive science, neuroscience, brain imaging, vision, speech and signal processing, reinforcement learning and control, emerging technologies, and applications. Only thirty percent of the papers submitted are accepted for presentation at NIPS, so the quality is exceptionally high. This volume contains all the papers presented at the 2003 conference.
| Author | : Carla Mucignat-Caretta |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 614 |
| Release | : 2014-02-14 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1466553413 |
Intraspecific communication involves the activation of chemoreceptors and subsequent activation of different central areas that coordinate the responses of the entire organism—ranging from behavioral modification to modulation of hormones release. Animals emit intraspecific chemical signals, often referred to as pheromones, to advertise their presence to members of the same species and to regulate interactions aimed at establishing and regulating social and reproductive bonds. In the last two decades, scientists have developed a greater understanding of the neural processing of these chemical signals. Neurobiology of Chemical Communication explores the role of the chemical senses in mediating intraspecific communication. Providing an up-to-date outline of the most recent advances in the field, it presents data from laboratory and wild species, ranging from invertebrates to vertebrates, from insects to humans. The book examines the structure, anatomy, electrophysiology, and molecular biology of pheromones. It discusses how chemical signals work on different mammalian and non-mammalian species and includes chapters on insects, Drosophila, honey bees, amphibians, mice, tigers, and cattle. It also explores the controversial topic of human pheromones. An essential reference for students and researchers in the field of pheromones, this is also an ideal resource for those working on behavioral phenotyping of animal models and persons interested in the biology/ecology of wild and domestic species.
| Author | : Thomas Breithaupt |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 572 |
| Release | : 2010-11-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387771018 |
The crustaceans are ecologically and economically important organisms. They constitute one of the dominant invertebrate groups on earth, particularly within the aquatic realm. Crustaceans include some of the preferred scientific model organism, profitable aquaculture specimen, but also invasive nuisance species threatening native animal communities throughout the world. Chemoreception is the most important sensory modality of crustaceans, acquiring important information about their environment and picking up the chemical signals that mediate communication with conspecifics. Significant advances have been made in our understanding of crustacean chemical communication during the past decade. This includes knowledge about the identity, production, transfer, reception and behavioral function of chemical signals in selected crustacean groups. While it is well known that chemical communication is an integral part of the behavioral ecology of most living organisms, the intricate ways in which organisms allocate chemicals in communication remains enigmatic. How does the environment influence the evolution of chemical communication? What are the environmental cues that induce production or release of chemicals? How do individuals economize production and utilization of chemicals? What is the importance of molecule specificity or mix of a molecule cocktail in chemical communication? What is the role of chemical cues in multimodal communication? How does the ontogenetic stage, the sex or the physiological status of an individual affect its reaction to chemical cues? Many of these questions still represent important challenges to biologists.
