Chemical Speciation of Organic and Inorganic components of Environmental and Biological Interest in Natural Fluids

Chemical Speciation of Organic and Inorganic components of Environmental and Biological Interest in Natural Fluids
Author: Francesco Crea
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2020-03-25
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3039284525

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines the term “speciation” as the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system, while the process leading to quantitative estimation of the content of different species is called speciation analysis. The chemical speciation of elements in natural waters and biological fluids is a key topic, essential for discussing the chemical reactivity of constituents in these systems. It is well understood that it is the chemical form of a metal or metalloids that determines its reactivity, lifetime, and fate in the environment. Chemical speciation now involves various sectors of the sciences, from chemistry to biology, biochemistry, and environmental sciences, since—as is well known—the total concentration, alone, of an inorganic or organic component (metal or ligand) in a multicomponent natural system (fresh water, sea water, biological fluids, soil, etc.) is insufficient for a comprehensive understand of its behavior in those contests.

Chemical Speciation of Organic and Inorganic components of Environmental and Biological Interest in Natural Fluids: Behaviour, Interaction and Sequestration

Chemical Speciation of Organic and Inorganic components of Environmental and Biological Interest in Natural Fluids: Behaviour, Interaction and Sequestration
Author: Alberto Pettignano
Publisher:
Total Pages: 218
Release: 2020
Genre: Social sciences (General)
ISBN: 9783039284535

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines the term “speciation” as the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system, while the process leading to quantitative estimation of the content of different species is called speciation analysis. The chemical speciation of elements in natural waters and biological fluids is a key topic, essential for discussing the chemical reactivity of constituents in these systems. It is well understood that it is the chemical form of a metal or metalloids that determines its reactivity, lifetime, and fate in the environment. Chemical speciation now involves various sectors of the sciences, from chemistry to biology, biochemistry, and environmental sciences, since--as is well known--the total concentration, alone, of an inorganic or organic component (metal or ligand) in a multicomponent natural system (fresh water, sea water, biological fluids, soil, etc.) is insufficient for a comprehensive understand of its behavior in those contests.

Environmental Organic Chemistry

Environmental Organic Chemistry
Author: René P. Schwarzenbach
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 1329
Release: 2005-06-24
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0471743992

Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems Addresses problems and case studies in one volume

Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments

Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2003-05-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0309086256

Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.

Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water

Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 124
Release: 2007
Genre: Arsenic
ISBN:

V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.

Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments

Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments
Author: Antonio Gianguzza
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 513
Release: 2013-06-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 366204935X

The most important processes on the Earth`s surface occur in the Ocean where materials and energy are primarily exchanged. In the case of marine chemistry different fields of chemistry from organic to inorganic as well as thermodynamics and biochemistry are involved. Analytical Chemistry is a very important tool for the quantification of biogeochemical processes by providing correct and even more sophisticated methodologies. These are often directly applied 'in situ', in order to detect trace and ultra-trace natural and anthropogenic substances. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies allow us to establish whether the process occurs. Once discovered it is then possible to build up general models for environmental systems. This book gathers many aspects with the aim of creating a general picture of the chemical processes occurring in the marine environment

Boron-Based Compounds

Boron-Based Compounds
Author: Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 490
Release: 2018-07-23
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1119275555

Noted experts review the current status of boron-containing drugs and materials for molecular medical diagnostics Boron-Based Compounds offers a summary of the present status and promotes the further development of new boron-containing drugs and advanced materials, mostly boron clusters, for molecular medical diagnostics. The knowledge accumulated during the past decades on the chemistry and biology of bioorganic and organometallic boron compounds laid the foundation for the emergence of a new area of study and application of boron compounds as lipophilic pharmacophores and modulators of biologically active molecules.This important text brings together in one comprehensive volume contributions from renowned experts in the field of medicinal chemistry of boron compounds. The authors cover a range of the most relevant topics including boron compounds as modulators of the bioactivity of biomolecules, boron clusters as pharmacophores or for drug delivery, boron compounds for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) and for diagnostics, as well as in silico molecular modeling of boron- and carborane-containing compounds in drug design. Authoritative and accessible, Boron-Based Compounds: Contains contributions from a panel of internationally renowned experts in the field Offers a concise summary of the current status of boron-containing drugs and materials used for molecular diagnostics Highlights the range and capacity of boron-based compounds in medical applications Includes information on boron neutron capture therapy and diagnostics Designed for academic and industrial scientists, this important resource offers the cutting-edge information needed to understand the current state of boron-containing drugs and materials for molecular medical diagnostics.

Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater Systems

Organic Contaminants in Riverine and Groundwater Systems
Author: Jan Schwarzbauer
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 488
Release: 2006-04-04
Genre: Nature
ISBN:

This book reviews a selection of organic-geochemical investigations, dealing with the characterization and environmental behaviour of organic contaminations of German river and groundwater systems. Topics include comprehensive non-target screening as well as isotope analysis of contaminants in water and sediments, detailed characterisation of bound residues, recording riverine pollution histories and an extensive application of the anthropogenic marker approach.