Changes In Visual Performance After Visual Work
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| Author | : James Deese |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 30 |
| Release | : 1957 |
| Genre | : Psychophysiology |
| ISBN | : |
"This report critically reviews some of the experimental and field studies on the effects of prolonged visual work. It is pointed out in the report that there are two basically different kinds of visual work, one primarily involving search for infrequently occurring signals (vigilance tasks) and the other involving active continuous use of the oculomotor system and requiring more or less continuous mental operation (active tasks). The effects of work at these two types of tasks on the capacity for further visual work are different. Even relatively brief periods of time spent at visual vigilance results in a reduction in visual sensitivity. Relatively long periods of time at active tasks produce either no deterioration or very little deterioration in the capacity for further visual work unless the situation is complicated by extreme loss of sleep, anoxemia or presence of drug effects. Continuous work at active visual tasks, however, does produce depression, headaches, feelings of tiredness and irritability. Any attempt at reducing fatigue in active visual tasks should be directed towards these factors."--Abstract.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 75 |
| Release | : 1985-01-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : |
Recent vision research has led to the emergence of new techniques that offer exciting potential for a more complete assessment of vision in clinical, industrial, and military settings. Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance examines four areas of vision testing that offer potential for improved assessment of visual capability including: contrast sensitivity function, dark-focus of accommodation, dynamic visual acuity and dynamic depth tracking, and ambient and focal vision. In contrast to studies of accepted practices, this report focuses on emerging techniques that could help determine whether people have the vision necessary to do their jobs. In addition to examining some of these emerging techniques, the report identifies their usefulness in predicting performance on other visual and visual-motor tasks, and makes recommendations for future research. Emergent Techniques for Assessment of Visual Performance provides summary recommendations for research that will have significant value and policy implications for the next 5 to 10 years. The content and conclusions of this report can serve as a useful resource for those responsible for screening industrial and military visual function.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 369 |
| Release | : 2002-08-17 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0309083486 |
When children and adults apply for disability benefits and claim that a visual impairment has limited their ability to function, the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) is required to determine their eligibility. To ensure that these determinations are made fairly and consistently, SSA has developed criteria for eligibility and a process for assessing each claimant against the criteria. Visual Impairments: Determining Eligibility for Social Security Benefits examines SSA's methods of determining disability for people with visual impairments, recommends changes that could be made now to improve the process and the outcomes, and identifies research needed to develop improved methods for the future. The report assesses tests of visual function, including visual acuity and visual fields whether visual impairments could be measured directly through visual task performance or other means of assessing disability. These other means include job analysis databases, which include information on the importance of vision to job tasks or skills, and measures of health-related quality of life, which take a person-centered approach to assessing visual function testing of infants and children, which differs in important ways from standard adult tests.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 587 |
| Release | : 2017-01-15 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309439981 |
The ability to see deeply affects how human beings perceive and interpret the world around them. For most people, eyesight is part of everyday communication, social activities, educational and professional pursuits, the care of others, and the maintenance of personal health, independence, and mobility. Functioning eyes and vision system can reduce an adult's risk of chronic health conditions, death, falls and injuries, social isolation, depression, and other psychological problems. In children, properly maintained eye and vision health contributes to a child's social development, academic achievement, and better health across the lifespan. The public generally recognizes its reliance on sight and fears its loss, but emphasis on eye and vision health, in general, has not been integrated into daily life to the same extent as other health promotion activities, such as teeth brushing; hand washing; physical and mental exercise; and various injury prevention behaviors. A larger population health approach is needed to engage a wide range of stakeholders in coordinated efforts that can sustain the scope of behavior change. The shaping of socioeconomic environments can eventually lead to new social norms that promote eye and vision health. Making Eye Health a Population Health Imperative: Vision for Tomorrow proposes a new population-centered framework to guide action and coordination among various, and sometimes competing, stakeholders in pursuit of improved eye and vision health and health equity in the United States. Building on the momentum of previous public health efforts, this report also introduces a model for action that highlights different levels of prevention activities across a range of stakeholders and provides specific examples of how population health strategies can be translated into cohesive areas for action at federal, state, and local levels.
| Author | : Helga Kolb |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2007 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Jeffrey Anshel |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 166 |
| Release | : 2002-09-11 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780203483893 |
This easy-to-read introduction to the role of the visual system in the workplace is designed to help many professional ergonomists and human resources professionals to appreciate more fully the relationship between good vision and the efficiency and safety of job performance. It is an accessible account which is illustrated with both low level draw
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 178 |
| Release | : 1991-02-01 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309044383 |
This book summarizes current understanding of the scientific, clinical, and technical issues surrounding the use of contact lenses. It discusses the special occupational conditions experienced by military personnel, particularly in extreme environments, that give rise to the question of whether or not to use contact lenses. Experts in optometry, ophthalmology, visual psychophysics, and engineering describe recent developments in design and use; and representatives of the military services provide examples of actual situations in aerospace settings. Considerations in Contact Lens Use Under Adverse Conditions will be of particular interest to those involved in the design of contact lenses and those responsible for occupational safety and health matters in the private sector.
| Author | : John R. Wilson |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 1048 |
| Release | : 2005-04-04 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9781420055948 |
Completely revised and updated, Evaluation of Human Work is a compendium of ergonomics methods and techniques that is both broad and deep. The editors have once again brought together a team of world-renowned experts and created a forum for them to introduce their most valued techniques and methods. Almost every chapter has been revised and several new chapters have been added. See what’s new in the Third Edition: Sociotechnical design of work systems Team design and evaluation Learning from failures through a joint cognitive systems perspective The Analysis of organizational processes Techniques in user-centered design Increased understanding of the nature of knowledge and knowledge management in contemporary systems Environment surveys Systems for near miss reporting and analysis The one thing that has remained unchanged from the first and second editions is that this text is produced NOT as a cookbook of ergonomics methods. The editor places ergonomics methodology in context, and each chapter carefully describes the background to method development in that area and the application of methods and tools. Exploring the topic of ergonomics/human factors from a ‘doing it’ perspective, the book serves as a guide to what ergonomics can offer industry, business, or human service professionals and a reference for practicing ergonomists.
| Author | : Agnieszka Wolska |
| Publisher | : CRC Press |
| Total Pages | : 182 |
| Release | : 2020-07-29 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1000168107 |
The introduction of artificial lighting extends the time of wakefulness after dark and enables work at night, thus disturbing the human circadian rhythm. The understanding of the physiological mechanisms of visual and non-visual systems may be important for the development and use of proper light infrastructure and light interventions for different workplace settings, especially for shift work conditions. Visual and Non-Visual Effects of Light: Working Environment and Well-Being presents the impact of lighting in the working environment on human health, well-being and visual performance. The physiological explanation of the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans which discusses the biological bases of image and non-image forming vision at the cellular level may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of medicine, physiology, and biology. It is one of the intentions of this book to put forward some recommendations and examples of lighting design which take into account both the visual and non-visual effects of light on humans. These may be of particular interest to any professional in the field of lighting, occupational safety and health, and interior design. "What effects on health can a light ‘overdose’ or light deficiency have? What is bad light? The authors of the monograph provide answers to these questions. Just as for a physicist, the dual nature of light comprises an electromagnetic wave and a photon, the duality of light for a physician comprises visual and non-visual effects." --------------------------------------------------------Prof Jacek Przybylski, Medical University of Warsaw "This is a unique publication in the field of lighting technology. The authors have skillfully combined both the technical and biomedical aspects involved, which is unprecedented in the literature available. As a result, an important study has been created for many professional groups, with a significant impact on the assessment of risks associated with LED sources." --------------------------------------------Prof Andrzej Zając, Military University of Technology, Warsaw
| Author | : Russell L. De Valois |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Space perception |
| ISBN | : |
Designed to present neuroscientists, cognitive psychologists and ophthalmologists with an integrated view of how humans perceive the spatial relations in their visual world, this study covers anatomical, physiological, psychological and perceptual aspects.
