Performance Management and Budgeting in the Federal Government: Brief History and Recent Developments. CRS Report for Congress

Performance Management and Budgeting in the Federal Government: Brief History and Recent Developments. CRS Report for Congress
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 20
Release: 2005
Genre:
ISBN:

The Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (Public Law 103-62), known as GPRA or the Results Act, sought to promote greater efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability in federal spending by establishing a new framework for performance management and budgeting in federal agencies. GPRA represents the latest in a series of initiatives in the last 55 years attempting to link budget levels with expected results, so that spending decisions can be better aligned with anticipated performance, an approach commonly referred to as "performance budgeting." On April 9, 2001, President Bush transmitted his budget for FY2002, in which various steps to strengthen the linking of budget and management decisions to performance were endorsed. This was followed in August by the President's Management Agenda for improving performance; one of five government-wide initiatives identified was budget and performance integration. On February 4, 2002, President Bush transmitted his budget for FY2003, which introduced a Management Scorecard, to measure agency progress on the initiatives. The FY2003 budget also contained initial efforts at performance analysis of over 100 programs that were used to inform funding decisions, constituting the first time a President's budget submission attempted formally to link budget requests with program performance. A new program assessment rating tool (PART) was developed in 2002, and was used by agency program managers and OMB staff to evaluate over 200 programs during the course of formulating the FY2004 budget. The PART reviews have continued and expanded, covering 40% of programs in the FY2005 budget and 60% of programs in the President's FY2006 budget submission. In Congress, interest continues in monitoring the PART process, as well as in the Administration's budget and performance integration initiative and ongoing implementation of GPRA.

Budgets and Financial Management in Higher Education

Budgets and Financial Management in Higher Education
Author: Margaret J. Barr
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 240
Release: 2018-01-31
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1119287731

This book will help new administrators (department chairs, directors, deans) understand and become more proficient in their financial management role within the institution. Highly accessible, practitioners will be able to put the book's guidance to immediate use in their work. It is also grounded in the latest knowledge base and filled with examples from across all types of institutions, so that it makes an ideal text for a courses in graduate programs in higher education leadership and administration. Specifically, the book: • provides an understanding of the basics of budgeting and fiscal management in higher education • defines the elements of a budget, the budget cycle, and the steps for creating a budget • suggests ways of avoiding common pitfalls and problems of managing budgets • contains effective strategies for dealing with loss of resources • includes end-of-chapter reflection questions and an expanded glossary of terms Written in plain language this volume provides practical approaches to many complex problems in fiscal management. This new edition of the book contains new information in every chapter reflecting both the most recent developments in higher education and feedback from readers of the earlier edition. The information on the current higher education financial environment has been updated, and the case studies have been revised. Readers will be introduced to Bowen's theory of resources and expenses as an important way to understand budgetary decision making in colleges and universities. Special attention is paid to the use of restricted funds, the budget implications of faculty appointments and the challenges caused by personnel policies for staff. In addition, greater attention is given to development and implementation of repair and replacement programs in auxiliary enterprises. The challenges that arise when budget problems are postponed are also discussed. The volume contains a number of suggestions for practitioners with new budgeting and fiscal responsibilities.

Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management

Guidelines for Public Expenditure Management
Author: Mr.Jack Diamond
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 84
Release: 1999-07-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 9781557757876

Traditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management.