Border Porosities
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| Author | : Rozita Dimova |
| Publisher | : Manchester University Press |
| Total Pages | : 133 |
| Release | : 2021-09-21 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1526140659 |
This innovative book documents border porosities that have developed and persisted between Greece and North Macedonia over different temporalities and at different localities. By drawing on geology’s approaches to studying porosity, Dimova argues that similar to rocks and minerals that only appear solid and impermeable, seemingly impenetrable borders are inevitably traversed by different forms of passage. The rich ethnographic case studies, from the history of railroads in the southern Balkans, border town beauty tourism, child refugees during the Greek Civil War, mining and environmental activism, and the urban renovation project in Skopje, show that the political borders between states do not only restrict or regulate the movement of people and things, but are also always permeable in ways that exceed state governmentality.
| Author | : Julian Lim |
| Publisher | : UNC Press Books |
| Total Pages | : 321 |
| Release | : 2017-10-10 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 146963550X |
With the railroad's arrival in the late nineteenth century, immigrants of all colors rushed to the U.S.-Mexico borderlands, transforming the region into a booming international hub of economic and human activity. Following the stream of Mexican, Chinese, and African American migration, Julian Lim presents a fresh study of the multiracial intersections of the borderlands, where diverse peoples crossed multiple boundaries in search of new economic opportunities and social relations. However, as these migrants came together in ways that blurred and confounded elite expectations of racial order, both the United States and Mexico resorted to increasingly exclusionary immigration policies in order to make the multiracial populations of the borderlands less visible within the body politic, and to remove them from the boundaries of national identity altogether. Using a variety of English- and Spanish-language primary sources from both sides of the border, Lim reveals how a borderlands region that has traditionally been defined by Mexican-Anglo relations was in fact shaped by a diverse population that came together dynamically through work and play, in the streets and in homes, through war and marriage, and in the very act of crossing the border.
| Author | : Emmanuel Brunet-Jailly |
| Publisher | : University of Ottawa Press |
| Total Pages | : 404 |
| Release | : 2007-05-05 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 0776615513 |
Border security has been high on public-policy agendas in Europe and North America since the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Centre in New York City and on the headquarters of the American military in Washington DC. Governments are now confronted with managing secure borders, a policy objective that in this era of increased free trade and globalization must compete with intense cross-border flows of people and goods. Border-security policies must enable security personnel to identify, or filter out, dangerous individuals and substances from among the millions of travelers and tons of goods that cross borders daily, particularly in large cross-border urban regions. This book addresses this gap between security needs and an understanding of borders and borderlands. Specifically, the chapters in this volume ask policy-makers to recognize that two fundamental elements define borders and borderlands: first, human activities (the agency and agent power of individual ties and forces spanning a border), and second, the broader social processes that frame individual action, such as market forces, government activities (law, regulations, and policies), and the regional culture and politics of a borderland. Borders emerge as the historically and geographically variable expression of human ties exercised within social structures of varying force and influence, and it is the interplay and interdependence between people's incentives to act and the surrounding structures (i.e. constructed social processes that contain and constrain individual action) that determine the effectiveness of border security policies. This book argues that the nature of borders is to be porous, which is a problem for security policy makers. It shows that when for economic, cultural, or political reasons human activities increase across a border and borderland, governments need to increase cooperation and collaboration with regard to security policies, if only to avoid implementing mismatched security policies.
| Author | : Vera Pavlakovich-Kochi |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 320 |
| Release | : 2017-03-02 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1351952846 |
In the early 1990s, borders within Europe and between the United States and Mexico began to open. The increasing flow of goods, capital, ideas and people across boundaries promised to reduce physical and cognitive distances. Simultaneously, challenges to identity have arisen within and between the European nation-states, driven not only by internal cultural and political dynamics, but also by processes of globalization. Concurrently, the US-Mexican border emerged in public consciousness as a location of new opportunities, largely due to public perception of the benefits of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This book explores some of the contradictory, yet simultaneous, processes affecting border regions. A team of leading scientists offers a wide range of perspectives on global, national, regional and local processes, and provides a useful matrix for understanding their complex, multilayered implications. Key concepts such as globalization, borders and identities are illustrated through local and regional case studies.
| Author | : E. Casanova |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 340 |
| Release | : 2013-12-18 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1137365382 |
Globalization is often thought of as an abstract process that happens "out there" in the world. But people are ultimately the driving force of global change, and people have bodies that are absent from current conversations about globalization. The original scholarly research and first-person accounts of embodiment in this volume explore the role of bodies in the flows of people, money, commodities, and ideas across borders. From Zumba fitness classes to martial arts to fashion blogs and the meanings of tattooing, the contributors examine migrating body practices and ideals that stretch across national boundaries.
| Author | : Nao Hisakawa |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 67 |
| Release | : 2011 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
The United States -- Canada border is one of the longest borders in the world, spanning approximately 8900 kilometers (including Alaska). Currently, the United States Border Patrol utilizes various technologies for patrolling the border, but it is not practical to closely monitor the entire area. Knowledge of the physical geographic landscapes of the border can be useful in deciding which patrolling methods and technologies to implement, and a model that displays areas with greater need for monitoring than others would be useful in the decision making process of efficiently allocating monitoring resources. The focus of this study was to divide the border into homogeneous segments using geographic information and geocomputational methods and to assign porosity values to these segments. Porosity values in this research refer to the level of difficulty for a pedestrian to cross any given zone (i.e. the higher the porosity level, the easier it is for a pedestrian to cross that zone). Two unsupervised classification methods, the fuzzy K-means clustering and the Self-Organizing Map, were used to segment the border into homogeneous zones according to topographic attributes including land cover, elevation, and slope. Repeating the classification for different spatial resolutions of 1.5 km, 3 km, and 6 km showed that the sizes and locations of the segments vary according to spatial resolution and classification method. Once the segments were created, surveys were sent out to determine porosity values for each attribute, and scripts were developed in Python language to integrate Monte Carlo simulation in order to assign a porosity value for each segment. The porosity value pattern was almost the same throughout the border for all three spatial resolutions of the fuzzy K-means clustering segmentation. Such pattern was not visible between the different spatial resolutions of the Self-Organizing Map segmentations. This suggests that the fuzzy K-means clustering classification is less sensitive to changes in spatial resolution than the classification performed by the Self-Organizing Map. In addition, the results of the sensitivity analysis suggest that land cover may be the most influential but that all three attributes have significant impact in determining porosity values. The information obtained from this research provides insight into the geographical characteristics and porosity of the US -- Canada border. Having increased knowledge of the United States border will allow the nation to not only create effective border security policies but can also contribute to promoting smooth trade relations with Canada. Furthermore, the methods developed in this research can be used for other border studies, such as for tourism.
| Author | : Sevasti Trubeta |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 304 |
| Release | : 2021-04-13 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781526154668 |
The research of pandemics, epidemics, and pathogens like SARS-CoV-2, reaches beyond biomedicine and touches the core of modern statehood, since foci and vectors of communicable diseases are testing the efficacy of medical control at state borders.By illuminating these issues from a multidisciplinary perspective, this volume starts with historical models of quarantine. It deals with fears of contamination and the corresponding stereotypes border crossers and migrants are confronted with. At state borders the latter have been subject to the implementation of medical, genetic and biometric screening techniques. The book wants to show that the contemporary border security regimes of Western states exhibit a high share of medicalised techniques of power that originate in European modernity; it draws on the expertise of a network of researchers who deal with these issues from the early eighteenth century up to recent developments.
| Author | : Friedrich Bachmann |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 553 |
| Release | : 2007-05-26 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0387347291 |
This book summarizes a five year research project, as well as subsequent results regarding high power diode laser systems and their application in materials processing. The text explores the entire chain of technology, from the semiconductor technology, through cooling mounting and assembly, beam shaping and system technology, to applications in the processing of such materials as metals and polymers. Includes theoretical models, a range of important parameters and practical tips.
| Author | : Ranjith, R. |
| Publisher | : IGI Global |
| Total Pages | : 394 |
| Release | : 2023-08-29 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1668474131 |
Scaffold bone replacements are a safe and effective way to cure bone abnormalities, and porous scaffolds can be manufactured using additive manufacturing technology. When scaffolds are implanted in a damaged location, they quickly connect to the host tissue and integrate, stimulating bone production and development. The qualities of porous titanium must be matched to the properties of human bones (i.e., age, sex, and hormones). Using subtractive manufacturing, it is extremely difficult to create the complicated porous structure necessary for the desired characteristic. The Handbook of Research on Advanced Functional Materials for Orthopedic Applications highlights current research pertinent to the orthopedic applications of additive-produced scaffolds in order to consider the latest breakthroughs in the synthesis and multifunctional applications of scaffolds. Covering key topics such as tissue, additive manufacturing, and biomaterial, this major reference work is ideal for industry professionals, engineers, researchers, academicians, practitioners, scholars, instructors, and students.
| Author | : John H. Rubel |
| Publisher | : Hamilton Books |
| Total Pages | : 83 |
| Release | : 2008-06-10 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1461626374 |
In the wake of the Soviet launching of Sputnik I, John H. Rubel became one of six Assistant Directors of Research and Engineering for the Department of Defense in the recently re-organized Pentagon. It was here that Rubel would witness two of the most significant events of his career. In Doomsday Delayed, Rubel recounts the initial disclosure to selected civilian defense officials of launch arrangements designed into the Minuteman missile system and the Single Integrated Operational Plan (SIOP-62), both deliberately designed to kill and maim innocent civilians in the USSR and China. These launch system designs invited the possibility of an unauthorized or accidental mass launch of tens or even hundreds of nuclear-tipped missiles with little or no warning, effectively removing operational control from the President, military commander, or civilian defense official in the event of nuclear confrontation. Rubel's account illustrates how potentially disastrous gaps came to exist between national military policies and the detailed design and development of major intercontinental ballistic missile systems-important lessons to be learned in this time of rogue nations and nuclear proliferation.
