Wood Modification Technologies

Wood Modification Technologies
Author: Dick Sandberg
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 765
Release: 2021-07-15
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 1351028200

The market for durable products using modified wood has increased substantially during the last few years. This is partly because of the restriction on the use of toxic preservatives due to environmental concerns, and to lower maintenance cost and time. Furthermore, as sustainability becomes a greater concern, the environmental impact of construction and interior materials is factored in planning by considering the whole life cycle and embodied energy of the materials used. Wood is modified to improve its intrinsic properties, enhance the range of applications of timber, and to acquire the form and functionality desired by engineers without calling the environmental friendliness into question. Wood modification processes are at various stages of development, and the challenges faced in scaling up to industrial applications differ. The aim of this book is to put together the key elements of the changes of wood constituents and the related changes in wood properties of modified wood. Further, a selection of the principal technologies implemented in wood modification are presented. This work is intended for researchers, professionals of timber construction, as well as students studying the science of materials, civil engineering and architecture. This work is not exhaustive, but intends to deliver an outline of the scientific disciplines necessary to apprehend the technologies of wood modification and its behavior during treatment, as well as during its use.

Bioeconomy

Bioeconomy
Author: Iris Lewandowski
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2017-12-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319681524

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book defines the new field of "Bioeconomy" as the sustainable and innovative use of biomass and biological knowledge to provide food, feed, industrial products, bioenergy and ecological services. The chapters highlight the importance of bioeconomy-related concepts in public, scientific, and political discourse. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the authors outline the dimensions of the bioeconomy as a means of achieving sustainability. The authors are ideally situated to elaborate on the diverse aspects of the bioeconomy. They have acquired in-depth experience of interdisciplinary research through the university’s focus on “Bioeconomy”, its contribution to the Bioeconomy Research Program of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg, and its participation in the German Bioeconomy Council. With the number of bioeconomy-related projects at European universities rising, this book will provide graduate students and researchers with background information on the bioeconomy. It will familiarize scientific readers with bioeconomy-related terms and give scientific background for economists, agronomists and natural scientists alike.

Safeguarding the Bioeconomy

Safeguarding the Bioeconomy
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 393
Release: 2020-05-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309495679

Research and innovation in the life sciences is driving rapid growth in agriculture, biomedical science, information science and computing, energy, and other sectors of the U.S. economy. This economic activity, conceptually referred to as the bioeconomy, presents many opportunities to create jobs, improve the quality of life, and continue to drive economic growth. While the United States has been a leader in advancements in the biological sciences, other countries are also actively investing in and expanding their capabilities in this area. Maintaining competitiveness in the bioeconomy is key to maintaining the economic health and security of the United States and other nations. Safeguarding the Bioeconomy evaluates preexisting and potential approaches for assessing the value of the bioeconomy and identifies intangible assets not sufficiently captured or that are missing from U.S. assessments. This study considers strategies for safeguarding and sustaining the economic activity driven by research and innovation in the life sciences. It also presents ideas for horizon scanning mechanisms to identify new technologies, markets, and data sources that have the potential to drive future development of the bioeconomy.

Designing Sustainable Technologies, Products and Policies

Designing Sustainable Technologies, Products and Policies
Author: Enrico Benetto
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 498
Release: 2018-07-03
Genre: Science
ISBN: 3319669818

This open access book provides insight into the implementation of Life Cycle approaches along the entire business value chain, supporting environmental, social and economic sustainability related to the development of industrial technologies, products, services and policies; and the development and management of smart agricultural systems, smart mobility systems, urban infrastructures and energy for the built environment. The book is based on papers presented at the 8th International Life Cycle Management Conference that took place from September 3-6, 2017 in Luxembourg, and which was organized by the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) and the University of Luxembourg in the framework of the LCM Conference Series.

Importing Into the United States

Importing Into the United States
Author: U. S. Customs and Border Protection
Publisher:
Total Pages: 0
Release: 2015-10-12
Genre: Education
ISBN: 9781304100061

Explains process of importing goods into the U.S., including informed compliance, invoices, duty assessments, classification and value, marking requirements, etc.

Transforming REDD+

Transforming REDD+
Author: Angelsen, A.
Publisher: CIFOR
Total Pages: 304
Release: 2018-12-12
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 6023870791

Constructive critique. This book provides a critical, evidence-based analysis of REDD+ implementation so far, without losing sight of the urgent need to reduce forest-based emissions to prevent catastrophic climate change. REDD+ as envisioned

Bio-Based Polymers for Engineered Green Materials

Bio-Based Polymers for Engineered Green Materials
Author: Gianluca Tondi
Publisher: MDPI
Total Pages: 568
Release: 2020-05-20
Genre: Science
ISBN: 303928925X

With daily signals, Nature is communicating us that its unconscious wicked exploitation is no more sustainable. Our socio-economic system focuses on production increasing without considering the consequences. We are intoxicating ourselves on a daily bases just to allow the system to perpetuate itself. The time to switch into more natural solutions is come and the scientific community is ready to offer more natural product with comparable performance then the market products we are used to deal with. This book collects a broad set of scientific examples in which research groups from all over the world, aim to replace fossil fuel-based solutions with biomass derived materials. In here, some of the most innovative developments in the field of bio-materials are reported considering topics which goes from biomass valorization to the synthesis of high preforming bio-based materials.

Soy-Based Bioplastics

Soy-Based Bioplastics
Author: Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher: Smithers Rapra
Total Pages: 452
Release: 2017-11-01
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1910242241

Soy and its coproducts are rapidly emerging as one of the most prominent sustainable plastics of the 21st century. The relative abundance of soy and its functional and thermoplastic properties, low cost, and biodegradable characteristics have made it a material of great interest for widespread use in the plastics industry. As most of the functional properties of the final products are directly related to the physico-chemical properties of the raw material, a detailed knowledge of the inherent characteristics of soy-based materials is essential for understanding and manipulating their properties for better end-user applications.This book summarises in a most comprehensive manner the recent technical research accomplishments in the area of soy-based bioplastics. The prime aim and focus of this book is to present recent advances in the processing and applications of soy-based biopolymers as potential bioplastics. It reflects recent theoretical advances and experimental results, and opens new avenues for researchers as well as readers working in the field of plastics and sustainable materials.The different topics covered in this book include: structural analysis of soy-based materials; soy/biopolymer blends; films, fibres, foams, and composites; and different advanced applications. In addition, several critical issues and suggestions for future work are comprehensively discussed in the hope that the book will provide a deep insight into the state of the art of soy-based bioplastics. The book is unique, with contributions from leading experts in the bioplastics research area, and is a useful reference for scientists, academics, research scholars, and technologists.

Integrated Biorefineries

Integrated Biorefineries
Author: Paul R. Stuart
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 843
Release: 2012-12-10
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1439803471

Integrated Biorefineries: Design, Analysis, and Optimization examines how to create a competitive edge in biorefinery innovation through integration into existing processes and infrastructure. Leading experts from around the world working in design, synthesis, and optimization of integrated biorefineries present the various aspects of this complex

Advances in Environmental Pollution Management: Wastewater Impacts and Treatment Technologies

Advances in Environmental Pollution Management: Wastewater Impacts and Treatment Technologies
Author: Vinod Kumar
Publisher: Agro Environ Media, Publication Cell of AESA, Agriculture and Environmental Science Academy,
Total Pages: 229
Release: 2020-12-05
Genre: Young Adult Nonfiction
ISBN: 819420173X

Advances in Environmental Pollution Management: Wastewater Impacts and Treatment Technologies has been designed to bind novel knowledge of wastewater pollution-induced impacts on various aspects of our environment. The book also contains novel methods and tools for the monitoring and treatment of produced wastewater.