In the independent states of Africa the human rights situation has never promising. The present piece of work is divided into eight chapters. First chapter deals with the introduction. Second chapter, as evident from the title deals with the theoretical aspects of human rights, mainly its origin and development. Various theoretical of rights have also been discussed. The chapter attempts to analyses various systems of Human Rights protection, at national, regional and global levels. The second chapter deals with Human Rights in the new South Africa, role of political parties in the making of New South Africa during the negotiations of the constitution making exercises as well as building the New South Africa after 1994 election. Forth chapter deals with the foreign policy and Human rights. Fifth chapter deals with economic dimensions and Human Rights in South Africa and evaluate the role of reconstruction and development and Growth of Employment and Redistribution (GEAR). Sixth chapter deals with social dimensions and Human Rights. Seventh chapter deals with the Bill of Rights. Concluding remarks have been made in chapter eighth which also attempt of envisage a better future for Human Rights in Africa.