The relative youth of the profession has meant that most of the consulting professionals carrying out CRM work in New Zealand have learnt the requirements of the job while working and with little available formal training. Furthermore, the statutory and legal requirements relating to archaeological sites around the country have changed significantly during the past 25 years. This has escalated in recent years with rapid land development across the country and resulted in an increasing number of archaeologists working as consultants. The legal demands of the work have also increased, resulting in a need for improvements in the quality of the assessments and new methodologies for evaluating archaeological sites and undertaking investigations. The archaeologists have responded to these demands in a variety of ways, but there has been little opportunity to look at how to be a professional archaeologist in this new environment. "This document is designed to be a guide to the complex inner workings of CRM archaeology in New Zealand. I have not attempted to duplicate all the specifics of most of the relevant material such as the legislation, planning documents, legal, contractual or academic papers that form part of the corpus of recommended reading for practitioners. That material is easily available and referenced throughout. Much of the information should be obvious to professional archaeologists in current practice and hopefully common sense to most readers. However, the purpose of this book is to establish a baseline for improvements in method, safety, and professional development tor CRM archaeologists working in New Zealand." The material presented here is not meant to serve as a template for specific projects. Cultural heritage has become a resource - created, ignored, destroyed, managed, enhanced, and understood. It is hoped that the document provides a baseline for understanding the role of archaeology in 21st century New Zealand, and how archaeologists can and should function within statutory frameworks designed to manage our heritage as an "environmental resource.'"The Author"Simon Bickler is an archaeological consultant in Auckland, New Zealand. He earned a BSc in Mathematics, an MPhil (Hons) from the University of Auckland, and an MA and PhD in Anthropology from the University of Virginia. He has done archaeological surveying and excavation in Italy, Turkey, the USA and the Pacific. Simon has been directing and working on a wide variety of New Zealand CRM projects since 2002 and has previously served as President of the New Zealand Archaeological Association. He publishes on a range of topics including the archaeology of New Zealand and Papua New Guinea, radiocarbon dating, computer simulation, machine learning and other data analytic approaches to archaeological issues."