Amplitude Variation With Offset
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| Author | : Satinder Chopra |
| Publisher | : SEG Books |
| Total Pages | : 303 |
| Release | : 2014-10-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1560803193 |
AVO (SEG Investigations in Geophysics No. 16) by Satinder Chopra and John Castagna begins with a brief discussion on the basics of seismic-wave propagation as it relates to AVO, followed by a discussion of the rock-physics foundation for AVO analysis including the use of Gassmann’s equations and fluid substitution. Then, the early seismic observations and how they led to the birth of AVO analysis are presented. The various approximations for the Zoeppritz equations are examined, and the assumptions and limitations of each approximation are clearly identified. A section on the factors that affect seismic amplitudes and a discussion of the processing considerations important for AVO analysis are included. A subsequent section explores the various techniques used in AVO interpretation. Finally, topics including the influence of anisotropy in AVO analysis, the use of AVO inversion, estimation of uncertainty in AVO analysis, converted-wave AVO, and the future of the AVO method are discussed. Equally helpful to new entrants into the field as well as to seasoned workers, AVO will provide readers with the most up-to-date knowledge on amplitude variation with offset.
| Author | : Özdoğan Yilmaz |
| Publisher | : SEG Books |
| Total Pages | : 2065 |
| Release | : 2001 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1560800941 |
Expanding the author's original work on processing to include inversion and interpretation, and including developments in all aspects of conventional processing, this two-volume set is a comprehensive and complete coverage of the modern trends in the seismic industry - from time to depth, from 3D to 4D, from 4D to 4C, and from isotropy to anisotropy.
| Author | : John P. Castagna |
| Publisher | : SEG Books |
| Total Pages | : 356 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1560800593 |
Recognizing the need for education and further research in AVO, the editors have compiled an all-encompassing treatment of this versatile technology. In addition to providing a general introduction to the subject and a review of the current state of the art, this unique volume provides useful reference materials and data plus original contributions at the leading edge of AVO technologies.
| Author | : I. Tsvankin |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 472 |
| Release | : 2005-06-13 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780080446189 |
Following the breakthrough in the last decade in identifying the key parameters for time and depth imaging in anisotropic media and developing practical methodologies for estimating them from seismic data, Seismic Signatures and Analysis of Reflection Data in Anisotropic Media primarily focuses on the far reaching exploration benefits of anisotropic processing. This volume provides the first comprehensive description of reflection seismic signatures and processing methods in anisotropic media. It identifies the key parameters for time and depth imaging in transversely isotropic media and describes practical methodologies for estimating them from seismic data. Also, it contains a thorough discussion of the important issues of uniqueness and stability of seismic velocity analysis in the presence of anisotropy. The book contains a complete description of anisotropic imaging methods, from the theoretical background to algorithms to implementation issues. Numerous applications to synthetic and field data illustrate the improvements achieved by the anisotropic processing and the possibility of using the estimated anisotropic parameters in lithology discrimination. Focuses on the far reaching exploration benefits of anisotropic processing First comprehensive description of reflection seismic signatures and processing methods in anisotropic media
| Author | : James L. Allen |
| Publisher | : Soc of Exploration Geophysicists |
| Total Pages | : 126 |
| Release | : 1993-01-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781560800637 |
| Author | : Mark Naumovich Berdichevskiĭ |
| Publisher | : SEG Books |
| Total Pages | : 201 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1560801077 |
Observing offset-dependent seismic reflectivity has proven to be a valuable exploration tool for the direct detection of hydrocarbons. This monograph provides a comprehensive review of reflection coefficients and their approximations in isotropic media, followed by an in-depth discussion of reflection amplitudes in anisotropic media. No prior knowledge of seismic anisotropy is assumed, and considerable effort is spent to introduce wave propagation and medium parameterizations useful for surface seismic applications in the presence of anisotropy. The first anisotropic model discussed is transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry (VTI media), typically used to describe shale sequences. Then the study of VTI reflection coefficients is extended to transverse isotropy with a horizontal axis of symmetry (HTI) - the symmetry system that describes a system of parallel vertical cracks. Analysis of the "Shuey-type" approximate HTI P-wave reflection coefficient makes it possible to devise fracture-detection algorithms based on the inversion of azimuthal differences of the P-wave AVO gradient. The monograph also presents analysis of shear- and converted-wave reflection coefficients for HTI and orthorhombic models, discusses practical aspects of applying the azimuthal AVO analysis, and mentions promising recent results.
| Author | : Enwenode Onajite |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 438 |
| Release | : 2021-04-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0128172363 |
Applied Techniques to Integrated Oil and Gas Reservoir Characterization: A Problem-Solution Discussion with Experts presents challenging questions encountered by geoscientists in their day-to-day work in the exploration and development of oil and gas fields and provides potential solutions from experts working in the field. Covers Amplitude Versus Offset (AVO), well-to-seismic tie, phase of seismic data, seismic inversion studies, pore pressure prediction, rock physics and exploration geological. The text examines challenges in the industry as well as the solutions and techniques used to overcome those challenges. Over the past several years there has been a growing integration of geophysical, geological, and reservoir engineering, production and petrophysical data to predict and determine reservoir properties. This includes reservoir extent and sand development away from the well bore, as well as in unpenetrated prospects, leading to optimization planning for field development. As such, geoscientists now must learn the technology, processes and challenges involved within their specific functions in order to complete day-to-day activities. Presents a thorough understanding of the requirements and issues of various disciplines in characterizing a wide spectrum of reservoirs Includes real-life problems and challenging questions encountered by geoscientists in their day-to-day work, along with answers from experts working in the field Provides an integrated approach among different disciplines (geology, geophysics, petrophysics, and petroleum engineering)
| Author | : Rob Simm |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 283 |
| Release | : 2014-04-17 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 1107011507 |
This book introduces practical seismic analysis techniques and evaluation of interpretation confidence, for graduate students and industry professionals - independent of commercial software products.
| Author | : S. P. Maurya |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 221 |
| Release | : 2020-05-28 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030456625 |
This book introduces readers to seismic inversion methods and their application to both synthetic and real seismic data sets. Seismic inversion methods are routinely used to estimate attributes like P-impedance, S-impedance, density, the ratio of P-wave and S-wave velocities and elastic impedances from seismic and well log data. These attributes help to understand lithology and fluid contents in the subsurface. There are several seismic inversion methods available, but their application and results differ considerably, which can lead to confusion. This book explains all popular inversion methods, discusses their mathematical backgrounds, and demonstrates their capacity to extract information from seismic reflection data. The types covered include model-based inversion, colored inversion, sparse spike inversion, band-limited inversion, simultaneous inversion, elastic impedance inversion and geostatistical inversion, which includes single-attribute analysis, multi-attribute analysis, probabilistic neural networks and multi-layer feed-forward neural networks. In addition, the book describes local and global optimization methods and their application to seismic reflection data. Given its multidisciplinary, integrated and practical approach, the book offers a valuable tool for students and young professionals, especially those affiliated with oil companies.
| Author | : Diana Morton-Thompson |
| Publisher | : AAPG |
| Total Pages | : 551 |
| Release | : 1993 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 0891816607 |
