Aircraft Turbofan Engine Health Estimation Using Constrained Kalman Filtering
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| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 16 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops an analytic method of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and shown via simulation results obtained from application to a turbofan engine model. This model contains 16 state variables, 12 measurements, and 8 component health parameters. It is shown that the new algorithms provide improved performance in this example over unconstrained Kalman filtering.
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
| Publisher | : Independently Published |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2018-09-28 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781724120250 |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops an analytic method of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and shown via simulation results obtained from application to a turbofan engine model. This model contains 16 state variables, 12 measurements, and 8 component health parameters. It is shown that the new algorithms provide improved performance in this example over unconstrained Kalman filtering. Simon, Dan and Simon, Donald L. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2003-212528, ARL-TR-2956, GT2003-38584, E-14090, NAS 1.15:212528...
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2018-06-20 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781721590476 |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops an analytic method of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and shown via simulation results obtained from application to a turbofan engine model. This model contains 16 state variables, 12 measurements, and 8 component health parameters. It is shown that the new algorithms provide improved performance in this example over unconstrained Kalman filtering. Simon, Dan and Simon, Donald L. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2003-212528, ARL-TR-2956, GT2003-38584, E-14090, NAS 1.15:212528
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 38 |
| Release | : 2003 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops two analytic methods of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The first method is a general technique of using hard constraints to enforce inequalities on the state variable estimates. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The second method uses soft constraints to estimate state variables that are known to vary slowly with time. (Soft constraints are constraints that are required to be approximately satis- fied rather than exactly satisfied.) The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estima- tion accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and shown via simulation results. The use of the algorithm is demonstrated on a linearized simulation of a turbofan engine to estimate health parameters. The turbofan engine model con- tains 16 state variables, 12 measurements, and 8 component health parameters. It is shown that the new algorithms provide improved performance in this example over unconstrained Kalman filtering.
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa |
| Publisher | : Independently Published |
| Total Pages | : 38 |
| Release | : 2018-09-15 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781723734168 |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops two analytic methods of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The first method is a general technique of using hard constraints to enforce inequalities on the state variable estimates. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The second method uses soft constraints to estimate state variables that are known to vary slowly with time. (Soft constraints are constraints that are required to be approximately satisfied rather than exactly satisfied.) The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and shown via simulation results. The use of the algorithm is demonstrated on a linearized simulation of a turbofan engine to estimate health parameters. The turbofan engine model contains 16 state variables, 12 measurements, and 8 component health parameters. It is shown that the new algorithms provide improved performance in this example over unconstrained Kalman filtering.Simon, Dan and Simon, Donald L.Glenn Research CenterTURBOFAN ENGINES; AIRCRAFT ENGINES; KALMAN FILTERS; QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING; SYSTEMS HEALTH MONITORING; GAS TURBINE ENGINES; ALGORITHMS; ESTIMATES; INEQUALITIES; SIMULATION
| Author | : Dan Simon |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 554 |
| Release | : 2006-06-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0470045337 |
A bottom-up approach that enables readers to master and apply the latest techniques in state estimation This book offers the best mathematical approaches to estimating the state of a general system. The author presents state estimation theory clearly and rigorously, providing the right amount of advanced material, recent research results, and references to enable the reader to apply state estimation techniques confidently across a variety of fields in science and engineering. While there are other textbooks that treat state estimation, this one offers special features and a unique perspective and pedagogical approach that speed learning: * Straightforward, bottom-up approach begins with basic concepts and then builds step by step to more advanced topics for a clear understanding of state estimation * Simple examples and problems that require only paper and pen to solve lead to an intuitive understanding of how theory works in practice * MATLAB(r)-based source code that corresponds to examples in the book, available on the author's Web site, enables readers to recreate results and experiment with other simulation setups and parameters Armed with a solid foundation in the basics, readers are presented with a careful treatment of advanced topics, including unscented filtering, high order nonlinear filtering, particle filtering, constrained state estimation, reduced order filtering, robust Kalman filtering, and mixed Kalman/H? filtering. Problems at the end of each chapter include both written exercises and computer exercises. Written exercises focus on improving the reader's understanding of theory and key concepts, whereas computer exercises help readers apply theory to problems similar to ones they are likely to encounter in industry. With its expert blend of theory and practice, coupled with its presentation of recent research results, Optimal State Estimation is strongly recommended for undergraduate and graduate-level courses in optimal control and state estimation theory. It also serves as a reference for engineers and science professionals across a wide array of industries.
| Author | : Stephen B. Johnson |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 659 |
| Release | : 2011-06-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1119998735 |
System Health Management: with Aerospace Applications provides the first complete reference text for System Health Management (SHM), the set of technologies and processes used to improve system dependability. Edited by a team of engineers and consultants with SHM design, development, and research experience from NASA, industry, and academia, each heading up sections in their own areas of expertise and co-coordinating contributions from leading experts, the book collates together in one text the state-of-the-art in SHM research, technology, and applications. It has been written primarily as a reference text for practitioners, for those in related disciplines, and for graduate students in aerospace or systems engineering. There are many technologies involved in SHM and no single person can be an expert in all aspects of the discipline.System Health Management: with Aerospace Applications provides an introduction to the major technologies, issues, and references in these disparate but related SHM areas. Since SHM has evolved most rapidly in aerospace, the various applications described in this book are taken primarily from the aerospace industry. However, the theories, techniques, and technologies discussed are applicable to many engineering disciplines and application areas. Readers will find sections on the basic theories and concepts of SHM, how it is applied in the system life cycle (architecture, design, verification and validation, etc.), the most important methods used (reliability, quality assurance, diagnostics, prognostics, etc.), and how SHM is applied in operations (commercial aircraft, launch operations, logistics, etc.), to subsystems (electrical power, structures, flight controls, etc.) and to system applications (robotic spacecraft, tactical missiles, rotorcraft, etc.).
| Author | : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) |
| Publisher | : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform |
| Total Pages | : 28 |
| Release | : 2018-05-29 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : 9781720451761 |
Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. This paper develops an analytic method of incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter truncates the PDF (probability density function) of the Kalman filter estimate at the known constraints and then computes the constrained filter estimate as the mean of the truncated PDF. The incorporation of state variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is demonstrated via simulation results obtained from a turbofan engine model. The turbofan engine model contains 3 state variables, 11 measurements, and 10 component health parameters. It is also shown that the truncated Kalman filter may be a more accurate way of incorporating inequality constraints than other constrained filters (e.g., the projection approach to constrained filtering).Simon, Dan and Simon, Donald L.Glenn Research CenterTURBOFAN ENGINES; PROBABILITY THEORY; KALMAN FILTERS; AIRCRAFT ENGINES; FLIGHT SAFETY; INEQUALITIES; SIMULATION
| Author | : Meriem Gharbi |
| Publisher | : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH |
| Total Pages | : 174 |
| Release | : 2022-04-01 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3832554564 |
In this thesis, we develop and analyze a novel framework for moving horizon estimation (MHE) of linear and nonlinear constrained discrete-time systems, which we refer to as proximity moving horizon estimation. The conceptual idea of the proposed framework is to employ a stabilizing a priori solution in order to ensure stability of MHE and to combine it with an online convex optimization in order to obtain an improved performance without jeopardizing stability. The goal of this thesis is to provide proximity-based MHE approaches with desirable theoretical properties and for which reliable and numerically efficient algorithms allow the estimator to be applied in real-time applications. In more detail, we present constructive and simple MHE design procedures which are tailored to the considered class of dynamical systems in order to guarantee important properties of the resulting estimation error dynamics. Furthermore, we develop computationally efficient MHE algorithms in which a suboptimal state estimate is computed at each time instant after an arbitrary and limited number of optimization algorithm iterations. In particular, we introduce a novel class of anytime MHE algorithms which ensure desirable stability and performance properties of the estimator for any number of optimization algorithm iterations, including the case of a single iteration per time instant. In addition to the obtained theoretical results, we discuss the tuning of the performance criteria in proximity MHE given prior knowledge on the system disturbances and illustrate the theoretical properties and practical benefits of the proposed approaches with various numerical examples from the literature.
| Author | : Srinivas Akella |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 526 |
| Release | : 2008-07-10 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3540684042 |
Algorithms are a fundamental component of robotic systems: they control or reason about motion and perception in the physical world. They receive input from noisy sensors, consider geometric and physical constraints, and operate on the world through imprecise actuators. The design and analysis of robot algorithms therefore raises a unique combination of questions in control theory, computational and differential geometry, and computer science. This book contains the proceedings from the 2006 Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics. This biannual workshop is a highly selective meeting of leading researchers in the field of algorithmic issues related to robotics. The 32 papers in this book span a wide variety of topics: from fundamental motion planning algorithms to applications in medicine and biology, but they have in common a foundation in the algorithmic problems of robotic systems.
