Addresses of Rev. L. Bacon D. D. and Rev. E. N. Kirk
Author | : Leonard Bacon |
Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
Total Pages | : 54 |
Release | : 2024-07-09 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 3385264995 |
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Author | : Leonard Bacon |
Publisher | : BoD – Books on Demand |
Total Pages | : 54 |
Release | : 2024-07-09 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : 3385264995 |
Author | : Philip HAMBURGER |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 529 |
Release | : 2009-06-30 |
Genre | : Law |
ISBN | : 0674038185 |
In a powerful challenge to conventional wisdom, Philip Hamburger argues that the separation of church and state has no historical foundation in the First Amendment. The detailed evidence assembled here shows that eighteenth-century Americans almost never invoked this principle. Although Thomas Jefferson and others retrospectively claimed that the First Amendment separated church and state, separation became part of American constitutional law only much later. Hamburger shows that separation became a constitutional freedom largely through fear and prejudice. Jefferson supported separation out of hostility to the Federalist clergy of New England. Nativist Protestants (ranging from nineteenth-century Know Nothings to twentieth-century members of the K.K.K.) adopted the principle of separation to restrict the role of Catholics in public life. Gradually, these Protestants were joined by theologically liberal, anti-Christian secularists, who hoped that separation would limit Christianity and all other distinct religions. Eventually, a wide range of men and women called for separation. Almost all of these Americans feared ecclesiastical authority, particularly that of the Catholic Church, and, in response to their fears, they increasingly perceived religious liberty to require a separation of church from state. American religious liberty was thus redefined and even transformed. In the process, the First Amendment was often used as an instrument of intolerance and discrimination.
Author | : Paola Gemme |
Publisher | : University of Georgia Press |
Total Pages | : 218 |
Release | : 2012-06-01 |
Genre | : History |
ISBN | : 0820343994 |
When antebellum Americans talked about the contemporary struggle for Italian unification (the Risorgimento), they were often saying more about themselves than about Italy. In Domesticating Foreign Struggles Paola Gemme unpacks the American cultural record on the Risorgimento not only to make sense of the U.S. engagement with the broader world but also to understand the nation’s domestic preoccupations. Swayed by the myth of the United States as a catalyst of and model for global liberal movements, says Gemme, Americans saw parallels to their own history in the Risorgimento--and they said as much in newspapers, magazines, travel accounts, diplomatic dispatches, poems, maps, and paintings. And yet, in American eyes, Italians were too civically deficient to ever achieve republican goals. Such a view, says Gemme, reaffirmed cherished beliefs both in the United States as the center of world events and in the notion of American exceptionalism. Gemme argues that Americans also pondered the place of “subordinate” ethnic groups in domestic culture--especially Irish Catholic immigrants and enslaved African Americans--through the discourse on Risorgimento Italy. Thus, says Gemme, national identity rested not only on differentiation from outside groups but also on a desire for internal racial and cultural homogeneity. Writing in a tradition pioneered by Amy Kaplan, Richard Slotkin, and others, Gemme advances the movement to “internationalize” American studies by situating the United States in its global cultural context.
Author | : American Education Society |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 494 |
Release | : 1837 |
Genre | : Congregational churches |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 308 |
Release | : 1873 |
Genre | : Congregational churches |
ISBN | : |
Vols. 13-62 include abridged annual reports and proceedings of the annual meetings of the American Missionary Association, 1869-1908; v. 38-62 include abridged annual reports of the Society's Executive committee, 1883/84-1907/1908.
Author | : Henry Stevens |
Publisher | : London : C. Whittingham |
Total Pages | : 766 |
Release | : 1866 |
Genre | : America |
ISBN | : |
Author | : United States Catholic Historical Society |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 280 |
Release | : 1937 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |