Action Against The Pollution Of The Seas By Oil
Download Action Against The Pollution Of The Seas By Oil full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online free Action Against The Pollution Of The Seas By Oil ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
| Author | : Michael A. Braun |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 77 |
| Release | : 2008-10 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 3640192907 |
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Environmental Policy, grade: 2,4, University of Potsdam (Lehrstuhl f r intl. Organisationen), course: International regimes: Theory, empirics and policy, 39 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: For a long time oceans were seen as vast and restless. In recent years, however, this view has changed since the pollution of the sea became an ever serious problem. Fairly cleaned liquids as well as various waste-pieces have massive implications on the maritime life. In addition, intentionally discharged as well as accidentally released oil-products propose a huge challenge to the global community. Therefore the essay elaborates on this ecological issue with focus on oil-tankers as well as it lists up international actions taken against it. These are regime-induced (MARPOL 73/78) modifications at the ships itself such as load on top, segregated and protectively located ballast tanks, crude-oil-washing and double-hulls. The hypothesis of the paper is that the international measures taken have been adequate in general and changed the discharging habits of the industry lastingly. The agreements also seem to have made it possible to have the oceans nowadays less polluted than it assumably would have been without them. Therefore, apart from minor potential future corrections, the international regime for protecting the oceans against the pollution from oil-tankers was rather successful.
| Author | : Michael A. Braun |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 2008-10-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3640192761 |
Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Politics - Environmental Policy, grade: 2,4, University of Potsdam (Lehrstuhl für intl. Organisationen), course: International regimes: Theory, empirics and policy, language: English, abstract: For a long time oceans were seen as vast and restless. In recent years, however, this view has changed since the pollution of the sea became an ever serious problem. Fairly cleaned liquids as well as various waste-pieces have massive implications on the maritime life. In addition, intentionally discharged as well as accidentally released oil-products propose a huge challenge to the global community. Therefore the essay elaborates on this ecological issue with focus on oil-tankers as well as it lists up international actions taken against it. These are regime-induced (MARPOL 73/78) modifications at the ships itself such as load on top, segregated and protectively located ballast tanks, crude-oil-washing and double-hulls. The hypothesis of the paper is that the international measures taken have been adequate in general and changed the discharging habits of the industry lastingly. The agreements also seem to have made it possible to have the oceans nowadays less polluted than it assumably would have been without them. Therefore, apart from minor potential future corrections, the international regime for protecting the oceans against the pollution from oil-tankers was rather successful.
| Author | : Ronald Bruce Mitchell |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 388 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9780262133036 |
A detailed case study of how international environmental treaties can be made more effective. Combining theoretical analysis with a rigorous empirical evaluation of changes in the compliance process over time, the book identifies policies that have increased compliance by governments and the oil transportation industry with discharge restrictions, equipment requirements, enforcement, and reporting. How do environmental treaties influence international behavior? Deliberate discharges from oil tankers have traditionally been the biggest source of oil pollution from ships, greater than much-publicized accidental spills. Although an international treaty governs how tankers must dispose of oil, compliance has been a problem. Intentional Oil Pollution at Sea is a detailed case study of how international environmental treaties can be made more effective. Combining theoretical analysis with a rigorous empirical evaluation of changes in the compliance process over time, it identifies policies that have increased compliance by governments and the oil transportation industry with discharge restrictions, equipment requirements, enforcement, and reporting. Ronald Mitchell introduces the debate over environmental treaty compliance, compliance theory, and a history of intentional oil pollution. He then uses a wealth of data to study efforts to change government and industry behavior in reporting on treaty performance, enforcing rules, and complying with equipment and discharge standards. He closes with theoretical conclusions drawn from the empirical analysis regarding the sources of effective treaty compliance as well as prescriptions for policymakers about how to negotiate more effective future environmental agreements. Global Environmental Accords series
| Author | : D. P. Hoult |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 117 |
| Release | : 2013-11-11 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1468490192 |
In the last decade, changes in the scale of operations required to find and transport oil have led to a pollution problem of major proportions: oil on the sea. These changes occurred slowly, and the change in magnitude of the possi bilities for . pollution went unrecognized until a series of dramatic accidents recently gave the problem wide-spread public notice. The Torrey Canyon and Santa Barbara episodes are discussed in this volume. The changes in the scale of oil operations stem from an ever increasing demand for energy. In response to this demand, oil drilling from offshore rigs on the continental shelf has been rapidly developed. To inexpensively trans port oil to the consumers of energy, huge supertankers, of ever increasing size, are being constructed. These ships effect economic savings at the expense of being relatively underpowered, and less maneuverable. Having very deep draft, they are constrained to operate on the high seas and the few deep harbors of the world. Every year there is more oil pumped from the sea floor. Every year more oil is trans ported over the sea. Approximately one tenth of one per cent of this oil each year is spilled on the sea. The purpose of the present volume is to provide a summary of our current understanding of the problem of oil on the sea. Before describing in detail the topics presented, it seems well to point out .
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 50 |
| Release | : 1973 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 36 |
| Release | : 1960 |
| Genre | : International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil |
| ISBN | : |
Considers ratification of International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Seas by Oil.
| Author | : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations. Subcommittee on Oceans and International Environment |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 246 |
| Release | : 1971 |
| Genre | : Oil pollution of the sea |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Great Britain. Central Unit on Environmental Pollution |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 170 |
| Release | : 1976 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Baris Soyer |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 626 |
| Release | : 2013-06-07 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1317984412 |
A sharp, informed and thoroughly practical guide to contemporary and developing issues relating to sea pollution, prepared by leading academics and practitioners with everyday hands-on experience. Pollution at Sea focuses on a number of the vital private law issues – compensation, insurance, contract and tort – thrown up by contemporary developments in the law of pollution. The book also intends to offer a critical analysis on emerging public law concepts, such as the legal position of seafarers from the perspective of criminal law in cases of pollution and the impact of port state control as a pollution control mechanism. Pollution at Sea is divided into three parts: 1. Private Law Liability Regimes 2. Rights and Liabilities of Particular Parties 3. The Impact of Public Law on the Actors Concerned In part 1; various liability regimes are dissected, including those which have been under the spotlight in recent years. This section has particular international appeal, and many of the regimes discussed are based at least in part on international conventions, agreements or practices. In part 2; the impact of pollution at sea on third parties is considered, with respect to the legal position of parties that might be perused either by the victims of pollution incidents or in some cases by the parties liable by way of a recourse action. Finally in part 3; recent relevant developments, particularly in the realm of public law are covered.
| Author | : National Research Council |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 278 |
| Release | : 2003-03-14 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0309084385 |
Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
