A Simulation Based Approach To Evaluate Safety Impacts Of Increased Traffic Signal Density
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Author | : Kenneth P. Drummond |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 36 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : Roads |
ISBN | : |
One of the most controversial access management techniques practitioners face is also one of the most common: restricting signal density. Increased signal density can improve access for minor approaches to a corridor; however, it can also increase delays and rear-end crashes for vehicles on the mainline (major) approach. An ability to evaluate the impacts of increased signal spacing is thus critical for decision makers. Because crash data are not always easy to obtain, a logical question arises: Can simulation models be used to evaluate the safety impacts of increased traffic signal density? This report describes a method for using simulation models to evaluate the safety impacts of increased traffic signal density in suburban corridors. Using 10 years of data from two major arterials in Virginia, actual crash rates were compared with operational performance measures simulated by the Synchro/SimTraffic model. As expected, crash rates were positively correlated with stops per vehicle and delay per vehicle and negatively correlated with mainline speed. Three findings were significant. First, the correlation between crash rates and select mainline performance measures (delay, speed, and stops) was relatively strong despite the inherent variability in crash rates: R2, a measure of explained variance in crash rates, yielded values from 0.54 to 0.89. Second, three distinct regimes relate stops per vehicle to signal density: the installation of the first few signals causes a drastic increase in stops, the addition of the next set of signals causes a moderate increase in stops, and the addition of a third set of signals does not significantly affect the number of stops per vehicle. Third, multiple regime models also relate delay per vehicle to signal density. This study recommends two practical applications. To the extent these mainline performance measures correlate with crashes, simulation modeling may be used to estimate safety impacts of increased signals, which is appealing because simulation packages are becoming easier to apply. Further, three regime models can suggest when, in the timeline of corridor development, the addition of a traffic signal is likely to degrade corridor performance significantly versus when it will have little effect, thereby allowing decision makers to expend political capital when it is most beneficial (e.g., the occasions when there is significant degradation of corridor performance). Most important, the approach herein suggests a long-range corridor-planning tool for evaluating the impacts of different access densities.
Author | : Robert L. Gordon |
Publisher | : Transportation Research Board |
Total Pages | : 92 |
Release | : 2010 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 0309143179 |
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Synthesis 409: Traffic Signal Retiming Practices in the United States explores practices that operating agencies currently use to revise traffic signal timing. The report examines the processes used to develop, install, verify, fine-tune, and evaluate the plans--
Author | : William L. Eisele |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 110 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Traffic congestion |
ISBN | : |
Author | : I-Jy Steven Chien |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 56 |
Release | : 2005 |
Genre | : Electronic traffic controls |
ISBN | : |
Author | : European Conference of Ministers of Transport |
Publisher | : OECD Publishing |
Total Pages | : 296 |
Release | : 2006 |
Genre | : |
ISBN | : |
This Report addresses the key issues surrounding traffic speed management and highlights the improvements in policy and operations needed to reduce the extent of speeding.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 202 |
Release | : 2002 |
Genre | : State government publications |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Jaume Barceló |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 450 |
Release | : 2011-01-06 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 1441961429 |
The increasing power of computer technologies, the evolution of software en- neering and the advent of the intelligent transport systems has prompted traf c simulation to become one of the most used approaches for traf c analysis in s- port of the design and evaluation of traf c systems. The ability of traf c simulation to emulate the time variability of traf c phenomena makes it a unique tool for capturing the complexity of traf c systems. In recent years, traf c simulation – and namely microscopic traf c simulation – has moved from the academic to the professional world. A wide variety of traf- c simulation software is currently available on the market and it is utilized by thousands of users, consultants, researchers and public agencies. Microscopic traf c simulation based on the emulation of traf c ows from the dynamics of individual vehicles is becoming one the most attractive approaches. However, traf c simulation still lacks a uni ed treatment. Dozens of papers on theory and applications are published in scienti c journals every year. A search of simulation-related papers and workshops through the proceedings of the last annual TRB meetings would support this assertion, as would a review of the minutes from speci cally dedicated meetings such as the International Symposiums on Traf c Simulation (Yokohama, 2002; Lausanne, 2006; Brisbane, 2008) or the International Workshops on Traf c Modeling and Simulation (Tucson, 2001; Barcelona, 2003; Sedona, 2005; Graz 2008). Yet, the only comprehensive treatment of the subject to be found so far is in the user’s manuals of various software products.
Author | : World Health Organization. Violence and Injury Prevention |
Publisher | : World Health Organization |
Total Pages | : 316 |
Release | : 2013 |
Genre | : Business & Economics |
ISBN | : 9241564563 |
This report provides legislation data last updated in 2011 and fatality data updated for 2010.
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 100 |
Release | : 1974 |
Genre | : Automobiles |
ISBN | : |
Author | : ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 688 |
Release | : 2016-01-13 |
Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
ISBN | : 1118762282 |
Get a complete look into modern traffic engineering solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is a newly revised text that builds upon the reputation as the go-to source of essential traffic engineering solutions that this book has maintained for the past 70 years. The updated content reflects changes in key industry standards, and shines a spotlight on the needs of all users, the design of context-sensitive roadways, and the development of more sustainable transportation solutions. Additionally, this resource features a new organizational structure that promotes a more functionally-driven, multimodal approach to planning, designing, and implementing transportation solutions. A branch of civil engineering, traffic engineering concerns the safe and efficient movement of people and goods along roadways. Traffic flow, road geometry, sidewalks, crosswalks, cycle facilities, shared lane markings, traffic signs, traffic lights, and more—all of these elements must be considered when designing public and private sector transportation solutions. Explore the fundamental concepts of traffic engineering as they relate to operation, design, and management Access updated content that reflects changes in key industry-leading resources, such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), AASSHTO Policy on Geometric Design, Highway Safety Manual (HSM), and Americans with Disabilities Act Understand the current state of the traffic engineering field Leverage revised information that homes in on the key topics most relevant to traffic engineering in today's world, such as context-sensitive roadways and sustainable transportation solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is an essential text for public and private sector transportation practitioners, transportation decision makers, public officials, and even upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are studying transportation engineering.