A Nation Of Numbers
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| Author | : Paul A. Scipione |
| Publisher | : Quirk's Media |
| Total Pages | : 552 |
| Release | : 2014-12-22 |
| Genre | : Advertising |
| ISBN | : 9780985248222 |
America, the New World, an expanse so big that it begged to be explored settled and tamed. It made sense that a place seemingly so limitless encouraged our obsession with measuring. Maybe it was our Manifest Destiny to be a nation of numbers and the birthplace of marketing research.Why has it taken so long for someone to write the definitive history of a business that now exceeds $24 billion/year in the U.S. ($78+ per person); that now employs more than 150,000 Americans; that interviews nearly 75% of adults each year; whose numbers and statistics are used by virtually 100% of large and medium-sized companies; and whose studies touch all of our lives, every day? Dr. Paul Scipione's A Nation of Numbers solves this puzzling gap by providing lively glimpses of the colorful and often controversial pioneers who made it their life's work to measure and analyze the experiences, preferences and behavior of Americans.Scipione paints the development of the MR field against the backdrop of social, cultural, political, economic and technological events that formed the 20th and early 21st century American mosaic. He identifies the multitude of factors and events came together to make America a nation of numbers and the birthplace of marketing research. He describes three distinct eras in the history of commercial MR: Era 1: the Pioneer era (1900-1950); Era 2: the Survey Era (1950-the late 1990s); and Era 3: the Post-Survey Era (late 1990s-present). Although traditional surveys and focus groups are still used, MR has morphed from an analog to digital world, with new tools in big data and advanced analytics, observation of actual consumer behavior via scanning UPC codes, and advances in the neurosciences.A Nation of Numbers gives readers a fascinating glimpse at the researchers whose ultimate obsession is putting us all under their microscopes.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 19 |
| Release | : 1992* |
| Genre | : Conservatism |
| ISBN | : 9780850708295 |
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 678 |
| Release | : 1893 |
| Genre | : Current events |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : Ed Rendell |
| Publisher | : Turner Publishing Company |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 2012-05-29 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1118330668 |
Governor Ed Rendell explains why America's leaders rarely call for sacrifice for the greater good—to avoid making any sacrifices themselves! Rendell has seen job security become the primary consideration of any person with power in America—their own job security! Most politicians and bureaucrats can see no further ahead than the next election, sometimes no further than the next press conference. Americans are rarely afraid of sacrifice and hard work when they mean building a better future, but when was the last time you heard of a leader of anything making a sacrifice for the greater good? The people can only win when they make it clear to the powers that be that making the right choices, even the hard ones, is the key to winning the next election. Explains in rollicking stories ranging from the profane to the profound that most hard choices are only "hard" because the polls conflict with your principles Ed Rendell rose to the top of Philadelphia, then Pennsylvania, then national politics, by doing what he thought was right, and there were plenty of times that looked like it would be his downfall as well This book revisits the high points of Ed Rendell's career and current landscape to define the political fights his peers seem just as afraid of winning as losing Rendell is a former head of the Democratic National Committee, a current MSNBC Senior Political Analyst, and a Partner at Ballard Spahr LLP
| Author | : Paul Schor |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 377 |
| Release | : 2017 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 019991785X |
How could the same person be classified by the US census as black in 1900, mulatto in 1910, and white in 1920? The history of categories used by the US census reflects a country whose identity and self-understanding--particularly its social construction of race--is closely tied to the continuous polling on the composition of its population. By tracing the evolution of the categories the United States used to count and classify its population from 1790 to 1940, Paul Schor shows that, far from being simply a reflection of society or a mere instrument of power, censuses are actually complex negotiations between the state, experts, and the population itself. The census is not an administrative or scientific act, but a political one. Counting Americans is a social history exploring the political stakes that pitted various interests and groups of people against each other as population categories were constantly redefined. Utilizing new archival material from the Census Bureau, this study pays needed attention to the long arc of contested changes in race and census-making. It traces changes in how race mattered in the United States during the era of legal slavery, through its fraught end, and then during (and past) the period of Jim Crow laws, which set different ethnic groups in conflict. And it shows how those developing policies also provided a template for classifying Asian groups and white ethnic immigrants from southern and eastern Europe--and how they continue to influence the newly complicated racial imaginings informing censuses in the second half of the twentieth century and beyond. Focusing in detail on slaves and their descendants, on racialized groups and on immigrants, and on the troubled imposition of U.S. racial categories upon the populations of newly acquired territories, Counting Americans demonstrates that census-taking in the United States has been at its core a political undertaking shaped by racial ideologies that reflect its violent history of colonization, enslavement, segregation and discrimination.
| Author | : John F. Kennedy |
| Publisher | : HarperCollins |
| Total Pages | : 179 |
| Release | : 2018-10-16 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0062892843 |
“In this timeless book, President Kennedy shows how the United States has always been enriched by the steady flow of men, women, and families to our shores. It is a reminder that America’s best leaders have embraced, not feared, the diversity which makes America great.” —Former Secretary of State Madeleine K. Albright Throughout his presidency, John F. Kennedy was passionate about the issue of immigration reform. He believed that America is a nation of people who value both tradition and the exploration of new frontiers, deserving the freedom to build better lives for themselves in their adopted homeland. This 60th anniversary edition of his posthumously published, timeless work—with a foreword by Jonathan Greenblatt, the National Director and CEO of the ADL, formerly known as the Anti-Defamation League, and an introduction from Congressman Joe Kennedy III—offers President Kennedy’s inspiring words and observations on the diversity of America’s origins and the influence of immigrants on the foundation of the United States. The debate on immigration persists. Complete with updated resources on current policy, this new edition of A Nation of Immigrants emphasizes the importance of the collective thought and contributions to the prominence and success of the country.
| Author | : William Alonso |
| Publisher | : Russell Sage Foundation |
| Total Pages | : 491 |
| Release | : 1987-09-09 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1610440021 |
The Politics of Numbers is the first major study of the social and political forces behind the nation's statistics. In more than a dozen essays, its editors and authors look at the controversies and choices embodied in key decisions about how we count—in measuring the state of the economy, for example, or enumerating ethnic groups. They also examine the implications of an expanding system of official data collection, of new computer technology, and of the shift of information resources into the private sector. A Volume in the Russell Sage Foundation Census Series
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 112 |
| Release | : 1987 |
| Genre | : Highway planning |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : C. Donald Johnson |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 665 |
| Release | : 2018 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0190865911 |
The United States is entering a period of profound uncertainty in the world political economy--an uncertainty which is threatening the liberal economic order that its own statesmen created at the end of the Second World War. The storm surrounding this threat has been ignited by an issue that has divided Americans since the nation's founding: international trade. Is America better off under a liberal trade regime, or would protectionism be more beneficial? The issue divided Alexander Hamilton from Thomas Jefferson, the agrarian south from the industrializing north, and progressives from robber barons in the Gilded Age. In our own times, it has pitted anti-globalization activists and manufacturing workers against both multinational firms and the bulk of the economics profession. Ambassador C. Donald Johnson's The Wealth of a Nation is an authoritative history of the politics of trade in America from the Revolution to the Trump era. Johnson begins by charting the rise and fall of the U.S. protectionist system from the time of Alexander Hamilton to the Smoot-Hawley Tariff of 1930. Challenges to protectionist dominance were frequent and often serious, but the protectionist regime only faded in the wake of the Great Depression. After World War II, America was the primary architect of the liberal rules-based economic order that has dominated the globe for over half a century. Recent years, however, have seen a swelling anti-free trade movement that casts the postwar liberal regime as anti-worker, pro-capital, and--in Donald Trump's view--even anti-American. In this riveting history, Johnson emphasizes the benefits of the postwar free trade regime, but focuses in particular on how it has attempted to advance workers' rights. This analysis of the evolution of American trade policy stresses the critical importance of the multilateral trading system's survival and defines the central political struggle between business and labor in measuring the wealth of a nation.
| Author | : Alberto Alesina |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 286 |
| Release | : 2005-01-14 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 9780262261401 |
The authors of this timely and provocative book use the tools of economic analysis to examine the formation and change of political borders. They argue that while these issues have always been at the core of historical analysis, international economists have tended to regard the size of a country as "exogenous," or no more subject to explanation than the location of a mountain range or the course of a river. Alesina and Spolaore consider a country's borders to be subject to the same analysis as any other man-made institution. In The Size of Nations, they argue that the optimal size of a country is determined by a cost-benefit trade-off between the benefits of size and the costs of heterogeneity. In a large country, per capita costs may be low, but the heterogeneous preferences of a large population make it hard to deliver services and formulate policy. Smaller countries may find it easier to respond to citizen preferences in a democratic way. Alesina and Spolaore substantiate their analysis with simple analytical models that show how the patterns of globalization, international conflict, and democratization of the last two hundred years can explain patterns of state formation. Their aim is not only "normative" but also "positive"—that is, not only to compute the optimal size of a state in theory but also to explain the phenomenon of country size in reality. They argue that the complexity of real world conditions does not preclude a systematic analysis, and that such an analysis, synthesizing economics, political science, and history, can help us understand real world events.
