"As a comparative community study, "American Heartland" shifts attention to a relatively understudied region of the country. To date, community studies of the Northeast, and particularly New England and New York, have dominated our understanding of social, cultural, and religious change in the nineteenth century. Unlike studies of the Northeast which link cultural change to commercial and market development, this one makes race, pluralism, and sectionalism crucial factors in considering shifts in cultural expression and religious mores. As diverse cities situated at the nation's divide between slavery and freedom, Louisville and Cincinnati dramatize the desire for a consolidated national culture and identity as well as the struggle for black Americans' enfranchisement and citizenship in a period of increasing religious pluralism and section tension."