Work Zone Lane Closure Analysis Model
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A Comprehensive Discrete Choice Analysis of Injury Severity in Roadway Work Zone Crashes
| Author | : Mohamed Osman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2016 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Work zones are critical parts of the transportation infrastructure renewal process consisting of rehabilitation of roadways, maintenance, and utility work. Given the specific nature of a work zone (complex arrangements of traffic control devices and signs, narrow lanes, duration) a number of crashes occur with varying severities involving different vehicle sizes. This dissertation proposes a comprehensive discrete choice analysis of injury severity of crashes in work zones on both the crash and occupant levels, in roadway work zones through a comprehensive set of discrete choice econometric frameworks. Robust discrete choice modeling structures are introduced and applied in the field of work zone safety. This dissertation contains three (3) studies representing the empirical analysis conducted to address the following research questions:1. What factors may contribute to the injury severity levels of large-truck crashes in work zones? And what are the robust analytical methods to recognize such factors?2. How do specific work zone configurations affect factors contributing to the levels of injury severity of work zone crashes?3. How does the specific work zone-component-area where a crash has occurred affect factors contributing to the injury severity levels of work zone crashes?The first study investigates the causal factors contributing to injury severity of large truck crashes in work zones. The second study investigates the causal factors contributing to the injury severity of passenger-car occupants for crashes occurring in different work zone configurations (lane closure, lane shift/crossover, shoulder/median, intermittent, and other). The third study investigates the causal factors contributing to driver & rsquo;s injury severity in the different work zone component-areas (advance-warning, transition, activity, and termination areas). The first study compares a comprehensive set of discrete choice modeling structures; Multinomial Logit (MNL) model, Nested Logit (NL) model, Ordered Logit (ORL) model and Generalized Ordered Response Logit (GORL) model. The second and third studies developed the Mixed Generalized Ordered Response Probit (MGORP) modeling framework to conduct the proposed analysis to answer the second and third research questions. The empirical analysis was conducted using work zone crash database in 10 years of the Highway Safety Information System (HSIS).
Work Zone Simulation Model
| Author | : T. H. Maze |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 52 |
| Release | : 1999 |
| Genre | : Automobile drivers |
| ISBN | : |
To support the analysis of driver behavior at rural freeway work zone lane closure merge points, Center for Transportation Research and Education staff collected traffic data at merge areas using video image processing technology. The collection of data and the calculation of the capacity of lane closures are reported in a companion report, "Traffic Management Strategies for Merge Areas in Rural Interstate Work Zones". These data are used in the work reported in this document and are used to calibrate a microscopic simulation model of a typical, Iowa rural freeway lane closure. The model developed is a high fidelity computer simulation with an animation interface. It simulates traffic operations at a work zone lane closure. This model enables traffic engineers to visually demonstrate the forecasted delay that is likely to result when freeway reconstruction makes it necessary to close freeway lanes. Further, the model is also sensitive to variations in driver behavior and is used to test the impact of slow moving vehicles and other driver behaviors. This report consists of two parts. The first part describes the development of the work zone simulation model. The simulation analysis is calibrated and verified through data collected at a work zone in Interstate Highway 80 in Scott County, Iowa. The second part is a user's manual for the simulation model, which is provided to assist users with its set up and operation. No prior computer programming skills are required to use the simulation model.
Two-lane Highway Work Zone Capacity Model and Control Analysis
| Author | : Wenbo Zhu |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 100 |
| Release | : 2015 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Lane closure is a common practice for two-lane highway work zones. To effectively control the open lane to serve both travel directions, it is necessary to implement a traffic control strategy. Due to lane closure, the roadway capacity will drop significantly. The remaining capacity will depend on work zone configurations, traffic parameters and traffic control strategy. This study develops a mathematical model calculating capacity and vehicle delay specifically for two-lane highway work zones with pre-timed signal control strategy. A VISSIM simulation model is developed and calibrated using field observed data to validate the mathematical model. After fine tuning the parameters, the mathematical model is able to make reasonably accurate delay estimates for both saturated and under-saturated traffic demands, with mean absolute prediction errors between 1% ~ 3%. Flagger control is incorporated in the VISSIM simulation model using a gap-out distance method. Field observations are used to validate the model outputs. The study then compared flagger control with fixed time signal control under multiple traffic conditions. Results show that at low traffic demands flagger control performs better than fixed time signal control. For the specific work zone site studied, flagger control is able to achieve approximately 10% ~ 20% lower vehicle delay. The developed models and simulation results can be applied to optimize two-lane highway lane-closure work zone management by reducing overall user delay while maintaining adequate roadway capacity. The optimized pre-timed signal control plan can reduce the user delay to a similar level as that of the actuated or flagger control method and thus can be used to avoid the human operation cost. Sensitivity analysis shows that traffic operators can increase the roadway capacity by reducing work zone length, increasing vehicle travel speed, and making unbalanced signal allocation based on actual traffic demands.
Updated Short-term Freeway Work Zone Lane Closure Capacity Values
| Author | : Raymond A. Krammes |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 44 |
| Release | : 1992 |
| Genre | : Express highways |
| ISBN | : |
Recommendations on estimating the capacity of short-term freeway work zone lane closures are presented. The recommendations are based upon 45 hours of capacity counts at 33 different work zones between 1987 and 1991. These new data indicate average capacities for short-term freeway work zone lane closures from 3 to 1 lanes and from 2 to 1 lanes that are significantly higher than older values reported in the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual. A base capacity value of 1,600 pcphpl is recommended for all short-term freeway work zone lane closure configurations.
Strategies for Work Zone Transportation Management Plans
| Author | : Leverson Boodlal |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2020 |
| Genre | : Road work zones |
| ISBN | : 9780309481786 |
One of the ways a state department of transportation or other transportation agency can address work zone safety and other impacts is to develop and implement a Transportation Management Plan (TMP). The TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program's NCHRP Research Report 945: Strategies for Work Zone Transportation Management Plans provides a practitioner-ready guidebook on how to select and implement strategies that improve safety and traffic operations in roadway construction work zones. Supplemental materials to the report include NCHRP Web-Only Document 276: Evaluating Strategies for Work ZoneTransportation Management Plans; fact sheets on ramp meter, reversible lane, and truck restrictions; and guidebook appendices.
Work Zone Operations Best Practices Guidebook
| Author | : U.s. Department of Transportation |
| Publisher | : CreateSpace |
| Total Pages | : 294 |
| Release | : 2015-02-21 |
| Genre | : Transportation |
| ISBN | : 9781508569206 |
This Work Zone Best Practices Guidebook provides an easily accessible compilation of work zone operations practices used and recommended by various States and localities around the country. The Guidebook is a reference document that can be updated with new approaches, technologies, and practices for effectively managing work zones and reducing the impacts of work zones on mobility and safety as they are identified. The best practices are descriptive, not prescriptive. They describe approaches that have been successfully used by transportation agencies, along with contact information to find out more from the agency using the practice. Each organization must determine which of these practices are best suited for its particular situation, considering all the site-specific factors that affect work zone operations.
