How Banks Go Abroad

How Banks Go Abroad
Author: Eugenio Cerutti
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 34
Release: 2005
Genre: Banks and banking, International
ISBN:

"The authors examine the factors that influence banks' type of organizational form when operating in foreign markets using an original database of the branches and subsidiaries in Latin America and Eastern Europe of the top 100 international banks. They find that regulation, taxation, the degree of desired penetration in the local market, and host-country economic and political risks matter. Banks are more likely to operate as branches in countries that have higher corporate taxes and when they face lower regulatory restrictions on bank entry, in general, and on foreign branches, in particular. Subsidiaries are the preferred organizational form by banks that seek to penetrate the local market establishing large and mostly retail operations. Finally, there is evidence that economic and political risks have opposite effects on the type of organizational form, suggesting that legal differences in the degree of parent bank responsibility vis-à-vis branches and subsidiaries under different risk scenarios play an important role in the kind of operations international banks maintain overseas "--World Bank web site.

How Banks Go Abroad

How Banks Go Abroad
Author: Eugenio Cerutti
Publisher:
Total Pages:
Release: 2012
Genre:
ISBN:

The authors examine the factors that influence banks' type of organizational form when operating in foreign markets using an original database of the branches and subsidiaries in Latin America and Eastern Europe of the top 100 international banks. They find that regulation, taxation, the degree of desired penetration in the local market, and host-country economic and political risks matter. Banks are more likely to operate as branches in countries that have higher corporate taxes and when they face lower regulatory restrictions on bank entry, in general, and on foreign branches, in particular. Subsidiaries are the preferred organizational form by banks that seek to penetrate the local market establishing large and mostly retail operations. Finally, there is evidence that economic and political risks have opposite effects on the type of organizational form, suggesting that legal differences in the degree of parent bank responsibility vis-??-vis branches and subsidiaries under different risk scenarios play an important role in the kind of operations international banks maintain overseas.

Do Banks Benefit from Internationalization? Revisiting the Market Power-Risk Nexus

Do Banks Benefit from Internationalization? Revisiting the Market Power-Risk Nexus
Author: Claudia M. Buch
Publisher:
Total Pages: 52
Release: 2016
Genre:
ISBN:

Recent developments on international financial markets have called the benefits of bank globalization into question. Large, internationally active banks have acquired substantial market power, and international activities have not necessarily made banks less risky. Yet, surprisingly little is known about the actual link between bank internationalization, bank risk, and market power. Analyzing this link is the purpose of this paper. We jointly estimate the determinants of risk and market power of banks, and we analyze the effects of changes in terms of the number of foreign countries (the extensive margin) and the volume of foreign assets (the intensive margin). Our paper has four main findings. First, there is a strong negative feedback effect between risk and market power. Second, banks with higher shares of foreign assets, in particular those held through foreign branches, have higher market power at home. Third, holding assets in a large number of foreign countries tends to increase bank risk. Fourth, the impact of internationalization differs across banks from different banking groups and of different size.

Foreign Banks

Foreign Banks
Author: Mr.Stijn Claessens
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 40
Release: 2012-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1463931158

This paper introduces a comprehensive database on bank ownership for 137 countries over 1995-2009, and reviews foreign bank behavior and impact. It documents substantial increases in foreign bank presence, with many more home and host countries. Current market shares of foreign banks average 20 percent in OECD countries and 50 percent elsewhere. Foreign banks have higher capital and more liquidity, but lower profitability than domestic banks do. Only in developing countries is foreign bank presence negatively related with domestic credit creation. During the global crisis foreign banks reduced credit more compared to domestic banks, except when they dominated the host banking systems.

Are Foreign Banks a 'Safe Haven'? Evidence from Past Banking Crises

Are Foreign Banks a 'Safe Haven'? Evidence from Past Banking Crises
Author: Gustavo Adler
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 27
Release: 2015-02-26
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1616357045

The presence of foreign banks in emerging markets has increased markedly over the last two decades, raising questions about their potentially stabilizing or destabilizing role during times of financial distress. Most studies on this subject have focused on banks’ asset side (i.e., their lending behavior). This paper focuses on their liability side, studying the behavior of depositors vis-à-vis foreign banks. We rely on data from the banking crises in Argentina and Uruguay over the period 1994-2002 to conduct the study. The paper focuses on three questions; (i) are foreign banks perceived as a safe haven during bank runs?; (ii) does their legal structure (branch versus subsidiary) matter?; (iii) do perceptions depend on the nature of the crisis? Contrary to the commonly held view that foreign banks play a stabilizing role during domestic banking crises, we do not find robust evidence in this regard. Only in one (large) bank run episode, out of five studied, there is evidence of safe haven perceptions towards foreign branches.

Where Do Banks Expand Abroad? An Empirical Analysis

Where Do Banks Expand Abroad? An Empirical Analysis
Author: Dario Focarelli
Publisher:
Total Pages: 36
Release: 2005
Genre:
ISBN:

This paper investigates the determinants of the pattern of banks' foreign investment using firm-level data on foreign subsidiaries for a representative sample of 260 large banks from the OECD countries. The empirical analysis shows that measures of the potential profit opportunities in the destination markets are the key factor in determining the choice of banks on where to expand. In particular, banks are more likely to enter host countries where the expected rate of economic growth is higher and the banking system is on average less efficient. Similarly important are the regulatory environment and the characteristics of the banking sector in the country of destination of the investment: foreign banks prefer to enter in markets that are less concentrated and where regulatory restrictions on banking activities are less stringent, possibly revealing that these characteristics entail also the existence of hidden limitations to foreign entry. The degree of economic integration between countries is found instead to be relatively less important in determining banks' decisions.

Finance & Development, March 2012

Finance & Development, March 2012
Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 60
Release: 2012-03-14
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451922140

Young people, hardest hit by the global economic downturn, are speaking out and demanding change. F&D looks at the need to urgently address the challenges facing youth and create opportunities for them. Harvard professor David Bloom lays out the scope of the problem and emphasizes the importance of listening to young people in "Youth in the Balance." "Making the Grade" looks at how to teach today's young people what they need to get jobs. IMF Deputy Managing Director, Nemat Shafik shares her take on the social and economic consequences of youth unemployment in our "Straight Talk" column. "Scarred Generation" looks at the effects the global economic crisis had on young workers in advanced economies, and we hear directly from young people across the globe in "Voices of Youth." Renminbi's rise, financial system regulation, and boosting GDP by empowering women. Also in the magazine, we examine the rise of the Chinese currency, look at the role of the credit rating agencies, discuss how to boost the empowerment of women, and present our primer on macroprudential regulation, seen as increasingly important to financial stability. People in economics - C. Fred Bergsten, American Globalist. Back to basics - The multi-dimensional role of banks in our financial systems.

Doing Business 2020

Doing Business 2020
Author: World Bank
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Total Pages: 241
Release: 2019-11-21
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1464814414

Seventeen in a series of annual reports comparing business regulation in 190 economies, Doing Business 2020 measures aspects of regulation affecting 10 areas of everyday business activity.