Who Will Pay? Coping with Aging Societies, Climate Change, and Other Long-Term Fiscal Challenges

Who Will Pay? Coping with Aging Societies, Climate Change, and Other Long-Term Fiscal Challenges
Author: Mr.Peter S. Heller
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 336
Release: 2003-11-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 158906223X

Aging populations. Weather shocks. Scarce water. Globalization. Security threats. Policymakers today confront a number of developments that threaten to burden public budgets for decades to come, or bankrupt some entirely. This book argues that governments need to make policy changes now to take account of the potential fiscal consequences of these developments. After describing how, if at all, analysts, national governments, and international organizations currently address these long-term issues, the book stresses the vital need for a multipronged approach, involving strengthened analyses, greater attention to long-term issues and risk factors in budgeting, and institutional reforms that address the myopic biases of politicians and the public.

Finance & Development, March 2004

Finance & Development, March 2004
Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 68
Release: 2004-03-10
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451953410

This paper presents a snapshot of changes in the world’s health and demographic conditions. The paper highlights that in most parts of the world, individuals are healthier and living longer, thanks to improved health services and living conditions and the more widespread use of immunization, antibiotics, and better contraceptives. Although this trend is likely to continue, hopes are fading in some regions where progress slowed or stopped in the 1990s, primarily as a result of the AIDS epidemic. Moreover, most regions of the developing world will not reach the Millennium Development Goals for health by 2015.

Finance & Development, December 2003

Finance & Development, December 2003
Author: International Monetary Fund. External Relations Dept.
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 60
Release: 2003-12-15
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1451952015

This paper describes why the international community needs to act now to stand a chance of meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The paper gives example of Ethiopia, one of the poorest countries in the world, with an estimated per capita income of about US$100. According to the World Bank, recent national household surveys find 44 percent of the people in Ethiopia cannot meet basic needs. The paper discusses that Ethiopia in many ways epitomizes why the MDGs are important and why more money is needed to achieve them.

Climate Change in an Aging Society

Climate Change in an Aging Society
Author: Harry R. Moody
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 257
Release: 2024-12-03
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1040266568

Climate Change in an Aging Society is the first book fully devoted to the impact of climate change on those who are old today—and those who will be old in decades to come. In doing so, Moody focuses on issues of critical importance: aging in place; health and age in a warming world; responsibility for the climate crisis; options for climate-conscious consumers; planning for investment for a green retirement; and opportunities for political action. The number of Americans aged over 65 is projected to rise from 17% to 21%. By 2060 nearly one in four Americans will be 65 or older. By 2050, however, average temperatures in the USA could rise by as much as 3°C, and extreme weather events are likely to become more frequent and severe. Despite these alarming projections and the likelihood that climate change will cause serious health issues among the elderly, little attention has been devoted to the impact of climate change on this demographic. Employing a life-course perspective and a cross-generational approach, Moody assesses the impact of climate change on those who are old today and those who will be old in years to come. Challenging both climate complacency and climate defeatism, the book adopts as its clarion call, HERE NOW YOU HOPE. Written in an engaging personal style with highlighting case studies of influential "eco-elders," this urgent book will be of great interest to students and scholars with interests in climate change, gerontology, and environmental and social policy.

Challenges of an Aging Society

Challenges of an Aging Society
Author: Rachel Pruchno
Publisher: JHU Press
Total Pages: 474
Release: 2007-09-10
Genre: Law
ISBN: 9780801886485

In this important and timely collection, some of the best minds in gerontology and bioethics -- including Nancy Dubler, Rick Moody, Andrew Achenbaum, Robert Hudson, and Robert Binstock -- explore the ethical, social, and political challenges of an aging society. A unique combination of disciplines and perspectives -- from economics to nursing, psychology to theology -- this valuable synthesis of theory and practice provides frameworks and analyses for considering the ethical issues of both individual and societal aging. The contributors address the major policy challenges of Social Security, Medicare, and prescription drugs as well as ethical issues ranging from individual autonomy to family responsibility to distributive justice. Specific topics covered include end-of-life decision making, family relations across generations, age-based intergenerational policies, and the reform of Social Security. Contributors:W. Andrew Achenbaum, Ph.D., University of Houston, Houston; Vern L. Bengtson, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Robert H. Binstock, Ph.D., Case Western Reserve University; Christine E. Bishop, Ph.D., Brandeis University; Thomas R. Cole, Ph.D., University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Peter A. Diamond, Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Nancy Neveloff Dubler, LL.B., Albert Einstein College of Medici Msgr. Charles J. Fahey, Fordham University; Lucy Feild, Ph.D., R.N., Partners Human Research Quality Improvement Program; Martha B. Holstein, Ph.D., DePaul University; Robert B. Hudson, Ph.D., Boston University; Eric R. Kingson, Ph.D., Syracuse University; Ronald J. Manheimer, Ph.D., University of North Carolina at Ashevil Kyriakos S. Markides, Ph.D., University of Texas Medical Branch; Daniel C. Marson, J.D., Ph.D., University of Alabama at Birmingham; H. Rick Moody, Ph.D., AARP Peter R. Orszag, Ph.D., Brookings Institution; Rachel Pruchno, Ph.D., University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey--School of Osteopathic Medici Norella M. Putney, Ph.D., University of Southern California, Los Angeles; Michael Smyer, Ph.D., Boston Colle Bruce Stuart, Ph.D.,University of Maryl Melanie A. Wakeman, Ph.D., California State University, Los Angeles; Steven P. Wallace, Ph.D., University of California at Los Angeles; John B. Williamson, Ph.D., Boston College.

Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment

Review of the Draft Fourth National Climate Assessment
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 207
Release: 2018-06-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309471699

Climate change poses many challenges that affect society and the natural world. With these challenges, however, come opportunities to respond. By taking steps to adapt to and mitigate climate change, the risks to society and the impacts of continued climate change can be lessened. The National Climate Assessment, coordinated by the U.S. Global Change Research Program, is a mandated report intended to inform response decisions. Required to be developed every four years, these reports provide the most comprehensive and up-to-date evaluation of climate change impacts available for the United States, making them a unique and important climate change document. The draft Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) report reviewed here addresses a wide range of topics of high importance to the United States and society more broadly, extending from human health and community well-being, to the built environment, to businesses and economies, to ecosystems and natural resources. This report evaluates the draft NCA4 to determine if it meets the requirements of the federal mandate, whether it provides accurate information grounded in the scientific literature, and whether it effectively communicates climate science, impacts, and responses for general audiences including the public, decision makers, and other stakeholders.

Economics and Ageing

Economics and Ageing
Author: José Luis Iparraguirre
Publisher: Springer
Total Pages: 325
Release: 2018-12-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 3319933574

This upper level textbook provides a coherent introduction to the economic implications of individual and population ageing. Placing economic considerations into a wider social sciences context, this is ideal reading not only for advanced undergraduate and masters students in economics, health economics and the economics of ageing, but also policy makers, students, professionals and practitioners in gerontology, sociology, health-related sciences and social care. This volume discusses the fiscal implications of ageing, health economics and long-term care. Fiscal policy issues include generational accounting and national transfer accounts, the relationship between ageing, public expenditure and fiscal policy, the age profiles of public expenditures and taxes, and the relationship between ageing, capital and labour taxation. Health economics with regard to ageing comprises healthy and disability-free life expectancy, the relationship between health inequalities and age, the macroeconomic implications of population health, the socio-economic determinants of health, the interaction between ageing and both individual and aggregate health expenditure, and economic approaches to valuing later life. This volume closes with an exposition of the economics of formal and informal care, as well as questions around insurance, risk and the so-called `sandwich generation'.

Governing for the Future

Governing for the Future
Author: Jonathan Boston
Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing
Total Pages: 575
Release: 2016-11-09
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1786350556

The book focuses on how to enhance the political incentives on democratically-elected governments to protect the interests of future generations.

Critical perspectives on ageing societies

Critical perspectives on ageing societies
Author: Miriam Bernard
Publisher: Policy Press
Total Pages: 201
Release: 2007-05-16
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 184742239X

This important book brings together some of the best known international scholars working within a critical gerontology perspective. Together, they review and update our understanding of how the field has developed over the last twenty-five years and, through the lens of 'passionate scholarship', provide a challenging assessment of the complex practical and ethical issues facing older people, and those who conduct research on ageing, in the 21st century. The contributions extend the critical gerontological approach conceptually, methodologically and practically. They offer close and scholarly analysis of policies affecting the lives of older people and provide insights into why research is done in particular ways. Special attention is paid to feminist contributions and new approaches to working in partnership with older people; age discrimination and ageism; the impact of neo-liberal policies and the passage of various human rights instruments; the re-medicalisation of later life; the participation of older people in research; and justice between generations. The editors and contributors offer suggestions for promoting change, and an exciting set of visions and perspectives for the renewal and development of critical gerontology in the years ahead. Critical Perspectives on Ageing Societies will be a valuable resource for all students, academics and practitioners interested in ageing and the life course.

Dealing with Increased Risk of Natural Disasters

Dealing with Increased Risk of Natural Disasters
Author: Mr.Muthukumara Mani
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 39
Release: 2003-10-01
Genre: Nature
ISBN: 145186003X

Natural disaster risk is emerging as an increasingly important constraint on economic development and poverty reduction. This paper first sets out the key stylized facts in the area-that the costs of disaster have been increasing, seem set to continue to increase, and bear especially heavily on the poorest. It then reviews the key economic issues at stake, focusing in particular on the actual and prospective roles of, and interaction between, market instruments and public interventions in dealing with disaster risk. Key sources of market failure include the difficulty of risk spreading and, perhaps even more fundamental, the Samaritan's dilemma: the underinvestment in protective measures associated with the rational expectation that others will provide support if disaster occurs. Innovations addressing each of these are discussed.