The book attempts to provide the essential information that postgraduates throughout India need to capture to effectively address the health problems that our children and youth may face in the times to come. Our objective is to be comprehensive yet concise and reader friendly, embracing both the new advances in science as well as the time-honored art of pediatric practice. Both Indian and international experts in respective fields have provided the details which have been further scrutinized for exposition and usefulness to pediatric postgraduates by a chosen team of eminent academicians. We have liberally included tables, line diagrams, images, clinical photographs, illustrative figures, flowcharts and algorithms in the main text. The book is divided in 10 major Parts and further arranged into 51 Sections to cover all aspects of postgraduate pediatric curriculum. Themes which have major public health relevance for India are extensively covered. It is almost impossible to cover all pediatric problems with the same degree of detail and hence a careful balance has been made in the details of description of diseases and their management to the needs of the students, and to keep the book to a manageable size. Take-home messages are provided at the end of each chapter. Selected recent references, mostly leading articles, reviews and position statements, are provided for more detailed information if desired by the student or the teacher.