Virtually Safe Cigarettes
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| Author | : Gio B. Gori |
| Publisher | : IOS Press |
| Total Pages | : 184 |
| Release | : 2000 |
| Genre | : Cigarettes |
| ISBN | : 9781586030575 |
Cigarette smoking is risky. Yet, official epidemiologic evidence indicates that less risky cigarettes are both desirable and feasible. Indeed, during the '70s, the National Cancer Institute, the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the US Department of Agriculture and the cigarette industry cooperated in an intensive and promising programme to develop less hazardous cigarettes.
| Author | : Gio Batta Gori |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1949 |
| Genre | : Cigarette Safety |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 728 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Government publications |
| ISBN | : |
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
| Author | : Institute of Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 240 |
| Release | : 2010-02-21 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0309138396 |
Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 736 |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : Passive smoking |
| ISBN | : |
This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
| Author | : IARC Working Group on Evaluating the Effectiveness of Smoke-free Policies |
| Publisher | : World Health Organization |
| Total Pages | : 352 |
| Release | : 2009 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : |
Presents the evidence on the effectiveness of measures enforced at the societal level to eliminate tobacco smoking and tobacco smoke from the environments where exposure takes place. This volume offers a critical review of the evidence on the economic effects and health benefits of smoke-free legislation and the adoption of voluntary smoke-free policies in households.
| Author | : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine |
| Publisher | : National Academies Press |
| Total Pages | : 775 |
| Release | : 2018-05-18 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 030946837X |
Millions of Americans use e-cigarettes. Despite their popularity, little is known about their health effects. Some suggest that e-cigarettes likely confer lower risk compared to combustible tobacco cigarettes, because they do not expose users to toxicants produced through combustion. Proponents of e-cigarette use also tout the potential benefits of e-cigarettes as devices that could help combustible tobacco cigarette smokers to quit and thereby reduce tobacco-related health risks. Others are concerned about the exposure to potentially toxic substances contained in e-cigarette emissions, especially in individuals who have never used tobacco products such as youth and young adults. Given their relatively recent introduction, there has been little time for a scientific body of evidence to develop on the health effects of e-cigarettes. Public Health Consequences of E-Cigarettes reviews and critically assesses the state of the emerging evidence about e-cigarettes and health. This report makes recommendations for the improvement of this research and highlights gaps that are a priority for future research.
| Author | : Robert N. Proctor |
| Publisher | : Univ of California Press |
| Total Pages | : 779 |
| Release | : 2012-02-28 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 0520950437 |
The cigarette is the deadliest artifact in the history of human civilization. It is also one of the most beguiling, thanks to more than a century of manipulation at the hands of tobacco industry chemists. In Golden Holocaust, Robert N. Proctor draws on reams of formerly-secret industry documents to explore how the cigarette came to be the most widely-used drug on the planet, with six trillion sticks sold per year. He paints a harrowing picture of tobacco manufacturers conspiring to block the recognition of tobacco-cancer hazards, even as they ensnare legions of scientists and politicians in a web of denial. Proctor tells heretofore untold stories of fraud and subterfuge, and he makes the strongest case to date for a simple yet ambitious remedy: a ban on the manufacture and sale of cigarettes.
| Author | : Al Fritsch, SJ |
| Publisher | : Xlibris Corporation |
| Total Pages | : 295 |
| Release | : 2010-02-03 |
| Genre | : History |
| ISBN | : 1450009042 |
This book traces changing attitudes to tobacco largely through the experiences of the author. He grew up raising tobacco and, influenced by advertising, began smoking as a youth. He was conducting research in a chemical laboratory involving carcinogenic substances when the health effects of tobacco began to surface. While he was working with public interest organizations, environmental tobacco smoke began to be recognized as an indoor pollutant. Ethical issues forced him, like many others, to stop smoking, and he eventually became quite involved in pastoral work with sick smokers. The final chapter surveys the lessons that can be learned from one person's tobacco days.
| Author | : Peter Boyle |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 840 |
| Release | : 2004 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9780198526872 |
This book comprehensively covers the science and policy issues relevant to one of the major public health disasters of modern times. It pulls together the aetiology and burden of the myriad of tobacco related diseases with the successes and failures of tobacco control policies. The book looks at lessons learnt to help set health policy for reducing the burden of tobacco related diseases. The book also deals with the international public health policy issues which bear on control of the problem of tobacco use and which vary between continents. The editors are an international group distinguished in the field of tobacco related diseases, epidemiology, and tobacco control. The contributors are world experts drawn from the various clinical fields. This major reference text gives a unique overview of one of the major public health problems in both the developed and developing world. The book is directed at an international public health and epidemiology audience includng health economists and those interested in tobacco control.
