Very Slow Flows of Solids

Very Slow Flows of Solids
Author: L.A. Lliboutry
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 518
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9400935633

This book is written primarily for Earth scientists faced with problems in thermo mechanics such as the flow and evolution of ice-sheets, convection currents in the mantle, isostatic rebound, folding of strata or collapse of cavities in salt domes. Failure, faults, seismic waves and all processes involving inertial terms will not be dealt with. In general such scientists (graduate students beginning a Ph. D. for instance) have too small a background'in continuum mechanics and in numerical computation to model conveniently these problems, which are not elementary at all. Most of them are not linear, and therefore seldom dealt with in treatises. If the study of reality were clearly cut into two successive steps: first to make a physical model, setting up a well-posed problem in thermo-mechanics, and second to solve it, the obvious solution would be to find a specialist in computational mechanics who could spend enough time on a problem which, although maybe crucial for on-going fundamental research, has little practical interest in general, and cannot be considered properly as a noteworthy progress in Mechanics. But this is not the way Science develops. There is a continuous dialectic between the building up of a model and its mathematical treatment. The model should be simple enough to be tractable, but not oversimplified. Its sensitivity to the different components it is made of should be investigated, and more thought is needed when the results contradict hard facts.

Bulk Solids Handling

Bulk Solids Handling
Author: C.R. Woodcock
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 534
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9400926359

An understanding ofthe properties and the handling characteristics of liquids and gases has long been regarded as an essential requirement for most practising engineers. It is therefore not surprising that, over the years, there has been a regular appearance of books dealing with the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, fluid flow, hydraulics and related topics. What is surprising is that there has been no parallel development of the related discipline of Bulk Solids Handling, despite its increasing importance in modern industry across the world. It is only very recently that a structured approach to the teaching, and learning, of the subject has begun to evolve. A reason for the slow emergence of Bulk Solids Handling as an accepted topic of study in academic courses on mechanical, agricultural, chemical, mining and civil engineering is perhaps that the practice is so often taken for granted. Certainly the variety of materials being handled in bulk is almost endless, ranging in size from fine dust to rocks, in value from refuse to gold, and in temperature from deep-frozen peas to near-molten metal.

Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow

Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow
Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 568
Release: 1996-08-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0309176883

Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.

Solid-Liquid Two Phase Flow

Solid-Liquid Two Phase Flow
Author: Sümer M. Peker
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 535
Release: 2011-04-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0080553419

This book is an undertaking of a pioneering work of uniting three vast fields of interfacial phenomena, rheology and fluid mechanics within the framework of solid-liquid two phase flow. No wonder, much finer books will be written in the future as the visionary aims of many nations in combining molecular chemistry, biology, transport and interfacial phenomena for the fundamental understanding of processes and capabilities of new materials will be achieved. Solid-liquid systems where solid particles with a wide range of physical properties, sizes ranging from nano- to macro- scale and concentrations varying from very dilute to highly concentrated, are suspended in liquids of different rheological behavior flowing in various regimes are taken up in this book. Interactions among solid particles in molecular scale are extended to aggregations in the macro scale and related to settling, flow and rheological behavior of the suspensions in a coherent, sequential manner. The classical concept of solid particles is extended to include nanoparticles, colloids, microorganisms and cellular materials. The flow of these systems is investigated under pressure, electrical, magnetic and chemical driving forces in channels ranging from macro-scale pipes to micro channels. Complementary separation and mixing processes are also taken under consideration with micro- and macro-scale counterparts.- Up-to-date including emerging technologies- Coherent, sequential approach- Wide scope: microorganisms, nanoparticles, polymer solutions, minerals, wastewater sludge, etc- All flow conditions, settling and non-settling particles, non-Newtonian flow, etc- Processes accompanying conveying in channels, such as sedimentation, separation, mixing

Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology

Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology
Author: Anthony Philpotts
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 669
Release: 2009-01-29
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1107268877

This textbook provides a basic understanding of the formative processes of igneous and metamorphic rock through quantitative applications of simple physical and chemical principles. The book encourages a deeper comprehension of the subject by explaining the petrologic principles rather than simply presenting the student with petrologic facts and terminology. Assuming knowledge of only introductory college-level courses in physics, chemistry, and calculus, it lucidly outlines mathematical derivations fully and at an elementary level, and is ideal for intermediate and advanced courses in igneous and metamorphic petrology. The end-of-chapter quantitative problem sets facilitate student learning by working through simple applications. They also introduce several widely-used thermodynamic software programs for calculating igneous and metamorphic phase equilibria and image analysis software. With over 350 illustrations, this revised edition contains valuable new material on the structure of the Earth's mantle and core, the properties and behaviour of magmas, recent results from satellite imaging, and more.

Municipal Solid Waste Flow Control

Municipal Solid Waste Flow Control
Author: United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Transportation and Hazardous Materials
Publisher:
Total Pages: 480
Release: 1994
Genre: Nature
ISBN:

Solid-Phase Extraction

Solid-Phase Extraction
Author: Nigel J.K. Simpson
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 532
Release: 2000-03-15
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781420056242

Demonstrating the relationship of the basic theory of solid-phase extraction (SPE) to chromatography, this comprehensive reference illustrates how SPE techniques significantly contribute to the preparation of samples for a wide variety of analytical techniques. It provides step-by-step details on the applications of SPE to environmental matrices, broad-spectrum drug screening, veterinary drug abuse, pharmaceutical drug development, biological samples, and high-throughput screening. Written by world-renowned experts in the field, the book contains helpful reference charts, tables of solvent properties, selectivities, molecular acid/base properties, and more.

Critical Regimes of Two-Phase Flows with a Polydisperse Solid Phase

Critical Regimes of Two-Phase Flows with a Polydisperse Solid Phase
Author: Eugene Barsky
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 358
Release: 2010-04-15
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 9048188385

Critical regimes of two-phase flows with a polydisperse solid phase form the basis of such widespread industrial processes as separation of various powdery materials and minerals dressing. It is impossible to describe such complicated flows analytically. Therefore, this study concentrates on invariants experimentally revealed and theoretically grounded for such flows. This approach can be compared with the situation in gases, where in order to determine principal parameters of their state, one does not need to measure the kinetic energy and velocity of each molecule and find its contribution to the temperature and pressure. These parameters are determined in a simple way for the system on the whole. A novel conception of two-phase flows allowing the formulation of their statistical parameters is physically substantiated. On the basis of the invariants and these parameters, a comprehensive method of estimating and predicting mass transfer in such flows is developed. It is noteworthy that the presented results are mostly phenomenological. Such an approach can be successfully extended to the separation of liquids, gases and isotopes. The book is intended for students and specialists engaged in chemical technology, mineral dressing, ceramics, microelectronics, pharmacology, power generation, thermal engineering and other fields in which flows carrying solid particles are used in the technological process.

Janice VanCleave's Super Science Models

Janice VanCleave's Super Science Models
Author: Janice VanCleave
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 128
Release: 2004-08-18
Genre: Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN: 0471653551

Learn a lot about science as you make models showing how thingswork! A spectacular model of an active volcano . . . a fascinatingrepresentation of the solar system . . . scale reproductions ofatoms and molecules . . . In Janice VanCleave's Super ScienceModels, America's favorite science teacher shows you how to makethese and other eye-catching science models that will help you showwhat you know in class or at a science fair! Inside, you'll find easy-to-follow instructions for 25 great modelsthat reveal the worlds of astronomy, biology, chemistry, earthscience, and physics. You'll also get helpful hints on displayingyour models, including advice on backboards, scale models, stands,and other clever techniques. As with all of Janice VanCleave'sbooks, every project can be created at home or in the classroomwith safe, inexpensive materials. Through models of Earth's layers,the states of matter, an electric circuit, and much more, you'lldiscover how scientists use models to make it easier to describethings and share their ideas. So get ready to have a great time andimpress others with what you've learned making these fun, fabulousmodels!