Values In Criminology And Community Justice
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| Author | : Cowburn, Malcolm |
| Publisher | : Policy Press |
| Total Pages | : 408 |
| Release | : 2015-03-18 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1447320638 |
The way we think about crime and the way that society responds to it are imbued with values that can determine what is considered important and what gets attention. Sometimes values that are claimed may not be the values expressed in practice, as we see in the multiple and confusing discourses about victims and offenders, punishment and protection, rights and responsibilities. This collection of writings considers values in crime theory, criminal justice and research practice, uncovering the many different 'sides' – to echo Howard Becker's famous phrase – that criminologists, policy makers and researchers take. It spans Marxist, postmodernist and feminist perspectives on criminology, analyses of the dynamics of race, gender and age, research methods and ethics, the working of the criminal justice system and engages with current debates about new challenges for criminology, such as the green movement and Islamophobia. This is a timely and thought-provoking collection which will be of interest to academics and students in criminology and criminal justice, and on professional courses, such as probation and youth justice practice.
| Author | : Todd R. Clear |
| Publisher | : SAGE |
| Total Pages | : 222 |
| Release | : 2002-01-28 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 9780761987468 |
Past methods of probation and parole supervision have largely relied on caseworkers who monitor their "clients" as well as they can. But, as numbers of "clients" increase, studies indicate that this model is ineffectual. The time has come to significantly rethink the approaches to community supervision. As described in What Is Community Justice?, the aim of the new efforts is to explicitly integrate the community and the criminal justice process in probation programs. There are five key goals that this book addresses to achieve this end: The building of partnerships between community supervision agencies and the community Expanding the "client" definition to include the victim of crime, the family of the offender, and the community itself Focus on places: agencies must take into account important local differences in neighborhoods Preventing problems between the community and the client rather than reacting to them Adding value to community life This book addresses the specific ways of achieving these goals by presenting six case studies of probation programs that represent a practical side of the community justice ideal. What emerges is a provocative and enlightening new approach to the problems of probation and parole.
| Author | : Gerry Johnstone |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 203 |
| Release | : 2001-05-01 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1134034237 |
First published in 2001. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
| Author | : Michael Braswell |
| Publisher | : Waveland Press |
| Total Pages | : 182 |
| Release | : 2020-12-23 |
| Genre | : Political Science |
| ISBN | : 1478646748 |
Ethical conflicts rarely involve clear-cut choices. Decision making in ambiguous circumstances challenges personal values and professional ethics. The fog of politics, personal bias, and past experiences factor into the choices made. The goal of this compelling collection of cases is to stimulate reflection about the ethical dilemmas encountered in interactions. Thought-provoking case studies address police misconduct, protests and civil unrest, school resource officers, questionable prosecutorial practices, the challenges of a pandemic for prisons, the influence of politics, ethnic/gender/sexual preference bias, family conflict, immigration, perceptions of terrorism, and executing someone who may be innocent. The experiential approach presents readers with opportunities to think about decisions they might have to make as criminal justice professionals. People employed in criminal justice have a great deal of power and discretion, which can be used ethically or unethically. Introductions to the sections on law enforcement, the courts, corrections, and juvenile justice provide background for analyzing the hypothetical scenarios. Case commentaries and questions provoke discussion about potential courses of action and the consequences of various choices.
| Author | : Todd R Clear |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 177 |
| Release | : 2018-03-05 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 0429976364 |
Over the past quarter-century, U.S. politicians have responded to the public's fear of crime by devoting ever more resources to building and strengthening the criminal justice apparatus, which as a result has grown tremendously in size and cost. Policymakers have also taken steps to toughen procedures for dealing with suspects and criminals, and broaden legal definitions of what constitutes crime, which has led to the incarceration, under harsher-than-ever conditions, of a record-high percentage of the U.S. population. Yet public confidence in the criminal justice apparatus is, if anything, lower than ever before, and fear of crime continues to be high.In recent years, some activists, scholars, criminal-justice officials, and politicians have begun to call for a reexamination of "get-tough" crime policies. A more sensible approach to crime, they argue, would focus on "community justice"--that is, on building healthy communities in which criminality cannot take root, and on making citizens and criminal-justice into partners rather than adversaries. In this thought-provoking study, Todd Clear and David Karp provide both a broad theoretical analysis of this ideal, and a close examination of a range of attempts to put it into practice in communities throughout the country. They conclude that by making the criminal justice system and the public into partners rather than adversaries, community-justice strategies for dealing with crime are both more effective and more resource-efficient than the failed "get-tough" approach.
| Author | : Lucia Zedner |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 366 |
| Release | : 2012-08-16 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0199696799 |
Celebrating the scholarship of one of the leading lawyers of the common law, Andrew Ashworth, the essays in this volume address fundamental questions of principle and value in criminal law, criminal process, human rights, sentencing, and punishment. This is a major contribution to contemporary debates about criminalization and punishment.
| Author | : Brian Stout |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 241 |
| Release | : 2023-02-28 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1000833178 |
This new edition of Community Justice in Australia expands on the discussion of how people who have committed offences can be engaged in the community. It considers how the concept of community justice can be successfully applied within Australia by social workers, criminologists, parole officers and anyone working in the community with both adults and young people. The book defines community justice and applies the concept to the Australian context. It then explains theories of offending behaviour, considers relevant Australian legislation, policy and intervention strategies and examines the implications for both young people and adults. Restorative justice is also discussed. The latter part of the book focuses on practical issues including working in community justice organisations, technology, public protection and desistance approaches. Each chapter contains an engagement with the implications of community justice approaches for Indigenous groups and features reflective questions, practical tasks and guidance for further reading. This accessible and practical book will be indispensable for instructors, students and practitioners working in the community with people who have committed offences.
| Author | : Lucia Zedner |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2012-08-16 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 0191639494 |
Celebrating the scholarship of Andrew Ashworth, Vinerian Professor of English Law at the University of Oxford, this collection brings together leading international scholars to explore questions of principle and value in criminal law and criminal justice. Internationally renowned for elaborating a body of principles and values that should underpin criminalization, the criminal process, and sentencing, Ashworth's contribution to the field over forty years of scholarship has been immense. Advancing his project of exploring normative issues at the heart of criminal law and criminal justice, the contributors examine the important and fascinating debates in which Ashworth's influence has been greatest. The essays fall into three distinct but related areas, reflecting Ashworth's primary spheres of influence. Those in Part 1 address the import and role of principles in the development of a just criminal law, with contributions focusing upon core tenets such as the presumption of innocence, fairness, accountability, the principles of criminal liability, and the grounds for defences. Part 2 addresses questions of human rights and due process protections in both domestic and international law. In Part 3 the essays are addressed to core issues in sentencing and punishment: they explore questions of equality, proportionality, adherence to the rule of law, the totality principle (in respect of multiple offences), wrongful acquittals, and unduly lenient sentences. Together they demonstrate how important Ashworth's work has been in shaping how we think about criminal law and criminal justice, and make their own invaluable contribution to contemporary discussions of criminalization and punishment.
| Author | : Gerry Johnstone |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 196 |
| Release | : 2013-03 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : 1136643931 |
The second edition of this renowned text explores the implications of developments in the restorative justice campaign to provide a feasible and desirable alternative to mainstream thinking on matters of crime and justice. It includes a new chapter identifying and analyzing fundamental shifts and developments in restorative justice thinking over the last decade.
| Author | : Parviz Saney |
| Publisher | : Praeger |
| Total Pages | : 240 |
| Release | : 1986-11-07 |
| Genre | : Law |
| ISBN | : |
Saney cogently argues that in the absence of adequate support within social and legal norms, a heavy burden is placed upon the criminal justice system, a burden that it cannot carry. Criminal law and the courts fail to provide for either swiftness or certainty of punishment; police have failed to overcome the basic American distrust of authority to gain the comparable support enjoyed by police in other countries; and the penal system operates under contradictory goals, isolated from public view or support. The final chapter presents a succinct set of proposals for changing the justice system to one that would be humane and more just. Choice This thought-provoking study of the crime problem in America provides an in-depth look at the sociological forces that are dominant in today's society and examines the possible influence of certain contemporary values and perceptions on criminal activity, the quality of justice in the American courts, and the attitude of the general public. The author discusses the various factors that can affect or encourage criminal behavior and relates these directly to the way people feel and respond to the incidence of crime and its punishment, and to a growing lack of confidence in the criminal justice system. Crime in America is first presented in a factual context, followed by a discussion of its cultural influences, and finally with a consideration of its criminal law aspects.
