Users Guide To Lowtran 7
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| Author | : F. X. Kneizys |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 148 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Atmospheric models |
| ISBN | : |
LOWTRAN 7 is a low-resolution propagation model and computer code for predicting atmospheric transmittance and background radiance from 0 to 50,000 cm -1 at a resolution of 20 cm -1. The code is based on the LOWTRAN 6 (1983) model. Multiple scattered radiation has been added to the model as well as new molecular band model parameters and new ozone and molecular oxygen absorption parameters for the UV. Other modifications include a wind dependent desert model, new cirrus cloud models, and new cloud and rain models. The code also includes new representative (geographical and seasonal) atmospheric models and updated aerosol models with options to replace them with user-derived values. An improved extra-terrestrial solar source function is also included. Six modes of program execution are allowed with the new model and computer code for a given slant path geometry. This report contains a description to users for operating the LOWTRAN 7 computer code. It summarizes the capabilities of the new code, provides complete operating instructions as well as input and output from test cases for user validation. Also included are operating instructions for three programs that utilize LOWTRAN 7 output (plot, filter and scanning function programs).
| Author | : F. X. Kneizys |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 1988 |
| Genre | : Atmospheric models |
| ISBN | : |
LOWTRAN 7 is a low-resolution propagation model and computer code for predicting atmospheric transmittance and background radiance from 0 to 50,000 cm -1 at a resolution of 20 cm -1. The code is based on the LOWTRAN 6 (1983) model. Multiple scattered radiation has been added to the model as well as new molecular band model parameters and new ozone and molecular oxygen absorption parameters for the UV. Other modifications include a wind dependent desert model, new cirrus cloud models, and new cloud and rain models. The code also includes new representative (geographical and seasonal) atmospheric models and updated aerosol models with options to replace them with user-derived values. An improved extra-terrestrial solar source function is also included. Six modes of program execution are allowed with the new model and computer code for a given slant path geometry. This report contains a description to users for operating the LOWTRAN 7 computer code. It summarizes the capabilities of the new code, provides complete operating instructions as well as input and output from test cases for user validation. Also included are operating instructions for three programs that utilize LOWTRAN 7 output (plot, filter and scanning function programs)
| Author | : Gary E. Thomas |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 554 |
| Release | : 2002-01-28 |
| Genre | : Nature |
| ISBN | : 9780521890618 |
Provides a foundation of the theoretical and practical aspects of radiative transfer, for the atmospheric, oceanic and environmental sciences.
| Author | : Christopher R. J. Kilburn |
| Publisher | : Taylor & Francis |
| Total Pages | : 389 |
| Release | : 2022-10-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 1000770656 |
Originally published in 1993, Active Lavas looks at the practical aspects of monitoring uncontrolled streams of molten rock and how field data can be applied for theoretical modelling and forecasting the growth of lava flows. It describes the basic features of common subaerial lava flows and domes – both on Earth and on other bodies in the Solar System – before discussing the logistics of measuring lava properties during eruption and how these measurements are used to develop simple theoretical models for forecasting flow behaviour.
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 328 |
| Release | : 1989-06 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : |
| Author | : John R. Schott |
| Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 701 |
| Release | : 2007-05-25 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0199724393 |
Remote Sensing deals with the fundamental ideas underlying the rapidly growing field of remote sensing. John Schott explores energy-matter interaction, radiation propagation, data dissemination, and described the tools and procedures required to extract information from remotely sensed data using the image chain approach. Organizations and individuals often focus on one aspect of the remote sensing process before considering it as a whole, thus investigating unjustified effort, time, and expense to get minimal improvement. Unlike other books on the subject, Remote Sensing treats the process as a continuous flow. Schott examines the limitations obstructing the flow of information to the user, employing numerous applications of remote sensing to earth observation disciplines. For this second edition, in addition to a thorough update, there are major changes and additions, such as a much more complete treatment of spectroscopic imaging, which has matured dramatically in the last ten years, and a more rigorous treatment of image processing with an emphasis on spectral image processing algorithms. Remote Sensing is an ideal first text in remote sensing for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the physical or engineering sciences, and will also serve as a valuable reference for practitioners.
| Author | : Wolfgang Kresse |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 985 |
| Release | : 2022-06-24 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 3030531252 |
This handbook provides an exhaustive, one-stop reference and a state-of-the-art description of geographic information and its use. This new, substantially updated edition presents a complete and rigorous overview of the fundamentals, methods and applications of the multidisciplinary field of geographic information systems. Designed to be a useful and readable desk reference book, but also prepared in various electronic formats, this title allows fast yet comprehensive review and easy retrieval of essential reliable key information. The Springer Handbook of Geographic Information is divided into three parts. Part A, Basics and Computer Science, provides an overview on the fundamentals, including descriptions of databases and encoding of geographic information. It also covers the underlying mathematical and statistics methods and modeling. A new chapter exemplifies the emerging use and analysis of big data in a geographic context. Part B offers rigorous descriptions of gathering, processing and coding of geographic information in a standardized way to allow interoperable use in a variety of systems; from traditional methods such as geodesy and surveying to state-of-the-art remote sensing and photogrammetry; from cartography to geospatial web services. Discussions on geosemantic interoperability and security of open distributed geospatial information systems complete the comprehensive coverage. The final part describes a wide array of applications in science, industry and society at large, such as agriculture, defense, transportation, energy and utilities, health and human services. The part is enhanced by new chapters on smart cities and building information modeling, as well as a complete overview of the currently available open-source geographic information systems. Using standardized international terminology, in accordance with ISO/TC 211 and INSPIRE, this handbook facilitates collaboration between different disciplines and is a must have for practitioners and new comers in industry and academia.
| Author | : Thomas G. Kyle |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 301 |
| Release | : 2013-10-24 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080983987 |
Introduces the physical processes and meteorology required to understand the behaviour of light and radiation in the atmosphere. Integrating the treatment of atmospheric optics from the ultraviolet to the microwave, the book presents a detailed overview, together with discussions, on the associated meteorology and atmospheric composition, which gives the meteorological background necessary to deal with the varying conditions found in the real atmosphere. Mathematical details provide a concise description of results thus allowing readers with a knowledge of meteorology or a single wavelength region to comprehend the transmission, emission and scattering in all wavelength regions. Rayleigh and Mie scattering are covered as well as the aerosol and raindrop distributions found in the atmosphere. Detailed models of the atmosphere and the distribution of trace gases are supplied, and finally a chapter is devoted to standardised software and available data bases.
| Author | : Andrew N. Rencz |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 774 |
| Release | : 1999-03-08 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9780471294054 |
Die großen Fortschritte in der Fernerkundung sowie die Verfügbarkeit umfangreicher neuer Satellitendaten machten die Neuauflage des bekannten 8-bändigen "Manual of Remote Sensing" erforderlich. Behandelt werden Theorie und praktische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Fernerkundungs-Satellitendaten auf geologische Problemstellungen. Darüber hinaus beschreibt Band 3 die technischen Mittel zur Erzielung der Daten (Radar, Licht-, Infrarot- und geophysikalische Sensoren) und deren Anwendungsbereiche (Exploration von Erz- und Kohlelagerstätten, Stratigraphie, technische Geologie und Umweltstudien). Dieser Band bietet eine ideale Kombination von Theorie, Datenanalyse und Fallstudien zur Veranschaulichung grundlegender Konzepte.
| Author | : Donald L. Sparks |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 263 |
| Release | : 2002-02-07 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0080490166 |
Advances in Agronomy has the highest impact factor among serial publications in agriculture. The Science Citation Index, 1986, reports an impact factor over 2,459 and a cited half-life over 10 years. Volume 75 contains four outstanding reviews dealing with phytoremediation, issues related to water use in China, humic substances, and remote sensing. Chapter 1 is an extensive review on phytoremediation of metals, metalloids, and radionuclides, including discussion on phytoextraction technologies, hyperaccumulator plants, chemically induced phytoextraction, and phytovolatilization. Chapter 2 covers the conservation and use of water in Chinese agriculture including engineering, economic, and agronomic aspects and considerations. Chapter 3 presents advances in understanding the structure of humic substances, particularly the concept of a supramolecular structure. Analytical and molecular scale evidence for this latter structure are presented as well as discussions on the role of humic superstructures in soils. Chapter 4 presents frontiers in quantitative remote sensing of soil properties including principles, methods, mechanisms, and limitations. - Volume 75 contains four outstanding reviews dealing with phytoremediation, issues related to water use in China, humic substances, and remote sensing - Chapter 1 is an extensive review on phytoremediation of metals, metalloids, and radionuclides, including discussion on phytoextraction technologies, hyperaccumulator plants, chemically induced phytoextraction, and phytovolatilization - Chapter 2 covers the conservation and use of water in Chinese agriculture including engineering, economic, and agronomic aspects and considerations - Chapter 3 presents advances in understanding the structure of humic substances, particularly the concept of a supramolecular structure. Analytical and molecular scale evidence for this latter structure are presented as well as discussions on the role of humic superstructures in soils - Chapter 4 presents frontiers in quantitative remote sensing of soil properties including principles, methods, mechanisms, and limitations
