Urban Intelligence and Applications

Urban Intelligence and Applications
Author: Xiaohui Yuan
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 248
Release: 2020-06-25
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 3030450996

This volume presents selected papers from the International Conference on Urban Intelligence and Applications (ICUIA), which took place on May 10-12, 2019 in Wuhan, China. The goal of the conference was to bring together researchers, industry leaders, policy makers, and administrators to discuss emerging technologies and their applications to advance the design and implementation of intelligent utilization and management of urban assets, and thus contributing to the autonomous, reliable, and efficient operation of modern, smart cities. The papers are collated to address major themes of urban sustainability, urban infrastructure and management, smart city applications, image and signal processing, natural language processing, and machine learning for monitoring and communications applications. The book will be of interest to researchers and industrial practitioners working on geospatial theories and tools, smart city applications, urban mobility and transportation, and community well-being and management.

Artificial Intelligence in Urban Planning and Design

Artificial Intelligence in Urban Planning and Design
Author: Imdat As
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 404
Release: 2022-05-14
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0128239425

Artificial Intelligence in Urban Planning and Design: Technologies, Implementation, and Impacts is the most comprehensive resource available on the state of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it relates to smart city planning and urban design. The book explains nascent applications of AI technologies in urban design and city planning, providing a thorough overview of AI-based solutions. It offers a framework for discussion of theoretical foundations of AI, AI applications in the urban design, AI-based research and information systems, and AI-based generative design systems. The concept of AI generates unprecedented city planning solutions without defined rules in advance, a development raising important questions issues for urban design and city planning. This book articulates current theoretical and practical methods, offering critical views on tools and techniques and suggests future directions for the meaningful use of AI technology. - Includes a cutting-edge catalogue of AI tools applied to smart city design and planning - Provides case studies from around the globe at various scales - Includes diagrams and graphics for course instruction

Graph Neural Networks: Foundations, Frontiers, and Applications

Graph Neural Networks: Foundations, Frontiers, and Applications
Author: Lingfei Wu
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 701
Release: 2022-01-03
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 9811660549

Deep Learning models are at the core of artificial intelligence research today. It is well known that deep learning techniques are disruptive for Euclidean data, such as images or sequence data, and not immediately applicable to graph-structured data such as text. This gap has driven a wave of research for deep learning on graphs, including graph representation learning, graph generation, and graph classification. The new neural network architectures on graph-structured data (graph neural networks, GNNs in short) have performed remarkably on these tasks, demonstrated by applications in social networks, bioinformatics, and medical informatics. Despite these successes, GNNs still face many challenges ranging from the foundational methodologies to the theoretical understandings of the power of the graph representation learning. This book provides a comprehensive introduction of GNNs. It first discusses the goals of graph representation learning and then reviews the history, current developments, and future directions of GNNs. The second part presents and reviews fundamental methods and theories concerning GNNs while the third part describes various frontiers that are built on the GNNs. The book concludes with an overview of recent developments in a number of applications using GNNs. This book is suitable for a wide audience including undergraduate and graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, professors and lecturers, as well as industrial and government practitioners who are new to this area or who already have some basic background but want to learn more about advanced and promising techniques and applications.

Urban Informatics

Urban Informatics
Author: Wenzhong Shi
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 941
Release: 2021-04-06
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 9811589836

This open access book is the first to systematically introduce the principles of urban informatics and its application to every aspect of the city that involves its functioning, control, management, and future planning. It introduces new models and tools being developed to understand and implement these technologies that enable cities to function more efficiently – to become ‘smart’ and ‘sustainable’. The smart city has quickly emerged as computers have become ever smaller to the point where they can be embedded into the very fabric of the city, as well as being central to new ways in which the population can communicate and act. When cities are wired in this way, they have the potential to become sentient and responsive, generating massive streams of ‘big’ data in real time as well as providing immense opportunities for extracting new forms of urban data through crowdsourcing. This book offers a comprehensive review of the methods that form the core of urban informatics from various kinds of urban remote sensing to new approaches to machine learning and statistical modelling. It provides a detailed technical introduction to the wide array of tools information scientists need to develop the key urban analytics that are fundamental to learning about the smart city, and it outlines ways in which these tools can be used to inform design and policy so that cities can become more efficient with a greater concern for environment and equity.

Urban Computing

Urban Computing
Author: Yu Zheng
Publisher: MIT Press
Total Pages: 633
Release: 2019-02-05
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0262039087

An authoritative treatment of urban computing, offering an overview of the field, fundamental techniques, advanced models, and novel applications. Urban computing brings powerful computational techniques to bear on such urban challenges as pollution, energy consumption, and traffic congestion. Using today's large-scale computing infrastructure and data gathered from sensing technologies, urban computing combines computer science with urban planning, transportation, environmental science, sociology, and other areas of urban studies, tackling specific problems with concrete methodologies in a data-centric computing framework. This authoritative treatment of urban computing offers an overview of the field, fundamental techniques, advanced models, and novel applications. Each chapter acts as a tutorial that introduces readers to an important aspect of urban computing, with references to relevant research. The book outlines key concepts, sources of data, and typical applications; describes four paradigms of urban sensing in sensor-centric and human-centric categories; introduces data management for spatial and spatio-temporal data, from basic indexing and retrieval algorithms to cloud computing platforms; and covers beginning and advanced topics in mining knowledge from urban big data, beginning with fundamental data mining algorithms and progressing to advanced machine learning techniques. Urban Computing provides students, researchers, and application developers with an essential handbook to an evolving interdisciplinary field.

Applications of Computational Intelligence in Multi-Disciplinary Research

Applications of Computational Intelligence in Multi-Disciplinary Research
Author: Ahmed A. Elngar
Publisher: Academic Press
Total Pages: 222
Release: 2022-02-14
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0128241764

Applications of Computational Intelligence in Multi-Disciplinary Research provides the readers with a comprehensive handbook for applying the powerful principles, concepts, and algorithms of computational intelligence to a wide spectrum of research cases. The book covers the main approaches used in computational intelligence, including fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary computation, learning theory, and probabilistic methods, all of which can be collectively viewed as soft computing. Other key approaches included are swarm intelligence and artificial immune systems. These approaches provide researchers with powerful tools for analysis and problem-solving when data is incomplete and when the problem under consideration is too complex for standard mathematics and the crisp logic approach of Boolean computing. - Provides an overview of the key methods of computational intelligence, including fuzzy logic, neural networks, evolutionary computation, learning theory, and probabilistic methods - Includes case studies and real-world examples of computational intelligence applied in a variety of research topics, including bioinformatics, biomedical engineering, big data analytics, information security, signal processing, machine learning, nanotechnology, and optimization techniques - Presents a thorough technical explanation on how computational intelligence is applied that is suitable for a wide range of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research

Urban Wind Energy

Urban Wind Energy
Author: Sinisa Stankovic
Publisher: Routledge
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2009-07-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1136573232

Energy security, rising energy prices (oil, gas, electricity), 'peak oil', environmental pollution, nuclear energy, climate change and sustainable living are hot topics across the globe. Meanwhile, abundant and perpetual wind resources offer opportunities, via recent technological developments, to provide part of the solution to address these key issues. The rapid growth of large-scale wind farm installations has now led to the generation of clean electricity for tens of millions of homes around the world. However, despite the potential to reduce the losses and costs associated with transmission and to use local wind acceleration techniques to improve energy yields, the potential for urban wind energy has yet to be realised. Although there is increasing public interest, the uptake of urban wind energy in suitable areas has been slow. This is in part due to a lack of understanding of key issues such as: available wind resources; technology integration; planning processes (include assessment of environmental impacts and public safety due to close proximity to people and property); energy consumption in buildings versus energy production from turbines; economics (including grants, subsidies, maintenance); and the effect of complex urban windscapes on performance. Urban Wind Energy attempts to illuminate these areas, addressing common concerns highlighting pitfalls, offering real world examples and providing a framework to assess viability in energy, environmental and economic terms. It is a comprehensive guide to urban wind energy for architects, engineers, planners, developers, investors, policy-makers, manufacturers and students as well as community organisations and home-owners interested in generating their own clean electricity.

A City Is Not a Computer

A City Is Not a Computer
Author: Shannon Mattern
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2021-08-10
Genre: Architecture
ISBN: 069122675X

A bold reassessment of "smart cities" that reveals what is lost when we conceive of our urban spaces as computers Computational models of urbanism—smart cities that use data-driven planning and algorithmic administration—promise to deliver new urban efficiencies and conveniences. Yet these models limit our understanding of what we can know about a city. A City Is Not a Computer reveals how cities encompass myriad forms of local and indigenous intelligences and knowledge institutions, arguing that these resources are a vital supplement and corrective to increasingly prevalent algorithmic models. Shannon Mattern begins by examining the ethical and ontological implications of urban technologies and computational models, discussing how they shape and in many cases profoundly limit our engagement with cities. She looks at the methods and underlying assumptions of data-driven urbanism, and demonstrates how the "city-as-computer" metaphor, which undergirds much of today's urban policy and design, reduces place-based knowledge to information processing. Mattern then imagines how we might sustain institutions and infrastructures that constitute more diverse, open, inclusive urban forms. She shows how the public library functions as a steward of urban intelligence, and describes the scales of upkeep needed to sustain a city's many moving parts, from spinning hard drives to bridge repairs. Incorporating insights from urban studies, data science, and media and information studies, A City Is Not a Computer offers a visionary new approach to urban planning and design.

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence

The Economics of Artificial Intelligence
Author: Ajay Agrawal
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 172
Release: 2024-03-05
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0226833127

A timely investigation of the potential economic effects, both realized and unrealized, of artificial intelligence within the United States healthcare system. In sweeping conversations about the impact of artificial intelligence on many sectors of the economy, healthcare has received relatively little attention. Yet it seems unlikely that an industry that represents nearly one-fifth of the economy could escape the efficiency and cost-driven disruptions of AI. The Economics of Artificial Intelligence: Health Care Challenges brings together contributions from health economists, physicians, philosophers, and scholars in law, public health, and machine learning to identify the primary barriers to entry of AI in the healthcare sector. Across original papers and in wide-ranging responses, the contributors analyze barriers of four types: incentives, management, data availability, and regulation. They also suggest that AI has the potential to improve outcomes and lower costs. Understanding both the benefits of and barriers to AI adoption is essential for designing policies that will affect the evolution of the healthcare system.

Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence

Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence
Author: Christopher Grant Kirwan
Publisher: Elsevier
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2020-05-05
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 0128170247

Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence offers a comprehensive view of how cities are evolving as smart ecosystems through the convergence of technologies incorporating machine learning and neural network capabilities, geospatial intelligence, data analytics and visualization, sensors, and smart connected objects. These recent advances in AI move us closer to developing urban operating systems that simulate human, machine, and environmental patterns from transportation infrastructure to communication networks. Exploring cities as real-time, living, dynamic systems, and providing tools and formats including generative design and living lab models that support cities to become self-regulating, this book provides readers with a conceptual and practical knowledge base to grasp and apply the key principles required in the planning, design, and operations of smart cities. Smart Cities and Artificial Intelligence brings a multidisciplinary, integrated approach, examining how the digital and physical worlds are converging, and how a new combination of human and machine intelligence is transforming the experience of the urban environment. It presents a fresh holistic understanding of smart cities through an interconnected stream of theory, planning and design methodologies, system architecture, and the application of smart city functions, with the ultimate purpose of making cities more liveable, sustainable, and self-sufficient.