Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).This special volume presents the very latest findings and ideas in the field of ultra-precision machining. The topics covered include: Single-point diamond turning of optical materials or moulding dies; Single-point diamond turning of other materials; Ultra-precision grinding of optical materials or moulding dies; Ultra-precision grinding of hard materials; Ultra-precision polishing of optical materials or moulding dies; Ultra-precision polishing of single crystals or chemical-mechanical polishing; Ultra-precision polishing of metals or alloys; High-speed machining technology and applications; Ion beam figuring and polishing; Electron beam patterning and polishing; Ultra-precision laser machining; Ultra-precision electro-discharge machining; Ultra-precision coating; Glass moulding and plastic injection moulding of optical and electrical components; Fabrication of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS); Ultra-precision machine tools; New ultra-precision machine and its machine elements; Ultra-precision positioning and control; Ultra-precision shape or surface-roughness measurement; New tools or new applications of tools; Other precision machining technology; Advanced manufacturing and design methods.This book will provide a valuable and fruitful reference source for researchers in the field of ultra-precision machining who wish to understand further the underlying mechanisms and to create new and practical design technologies, systems and processes. It will also be particularly useful for practising engineers who are responsible for providing efficient, precise and effective machining. Papers from a fall 2008 conference present the latest findings in the field of ultra-precision machining. Major themes include ultra-precision grinding and polishing of optical materials, moulding dies, hard materials, single crystals, and metals or alloys. Other areas explored include high-speed machining technology and applications, ion beam figuring and polishing, electron beam patterning and polishing, laser machining, electro-discharge machining, glass and plastic injection moulding of optical and electrical components, fabrication of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), ultra-precision machine tools, and advanced manufacturing and design methods. Specific topics covered include the white layer of hard-turned GCr15 bearing steel, surface modification of diamond to improve machining properties of an ultraviolet-curing wire saw, and laser and water-jet fiber coupling technology for micromachining. The book is illustrated with b&w images. It will be useful as a reference for researchers in the field of ultra-precision machining and for practicing engineers.