Truth and Predication

Truth and Predication
Author: Donald Davidson
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Total Pages: 200
Release: 2009-07
Genre: Mathematics
ISBN: 9780674030220

This brief book takes readers to the very heart of what it is that philosophy can do well. Completed shortly before Donald Davidson's death at 85, Truth and Predication brings full circle a journey moving from the insights of Plato and Aristotle to the problems of contemporary philosophy. In particular, Davidson, countering many of his contemporaries, argues that the concept of truth is not ambiguous, and that we need an effective theory of truth in order to live well. Davidson begins by harking back to an early interest in the classics, and an even earlier engagement with the workings of grammar; in the pleasures of diagramming sentences in grade school, he locates his first glimpse into the mechanics of how we conduct the most important activities in our life--such as declaring love, asking directions, issuing orders, and telling stories. Davidson connects these essential questions with the most basic and yet hard to understand mysteries of language use--how we connect noun to verb. This is a problem that Plato and Aristotle wrestled with, and Davidson draws on their thinking to show how an understanding of linguistic behavior is critical to the formulating of a workable concept of truth. Anchored in classical philosophy, Truth and Predication nonetheless makes telling use of the work of a great number of modern philosophers from Tarski and Dewey to Quine and Rorty. Representing the very best of Western thought, it reopens the most difficult and pressing of ancient philosophical problems, and reveals them to be very much of our day.

Semantic Singularities

Semantic Singularities
Author: Keith Simmons
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 260
Release: 2018
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0198791542

This book aims to provide a solution to the semantic paradoxes. It argues for a unified solution to the paradoxes generated by our concepts of denotation, predicate extension, and truth. The solution makes two main claims. The first is that our semantic expressions 'denotes', 'extension' and 'true' are context-sensitive. The second, inspired by a brief, tantalizing remark of Godel's, is that these expressions are significant everywhere except for certain singularities, in analogy with division by zero. A formal theory of singularities is presented and applied to a wide variety of versions of the definability paradoxes, Russell's paradox, and the Liar paradox. Keith Simmons argues that the singularity theory satisfies the following desiderata: it recognizes that the proper setting of the semantic paradoxes is natural language, not regimented formal languages; it minimizes any revision to our semantic concepts; it respects as far as possible Tarski's intuition that natural languages are universal; it responds adequately to the threat of revenge paradoxes; and it preserves classical logic and semantics. Simmons draws out the consequences of the singularity theory for deflationary views of our semantic concepts, and concludes that if we accept the singularity theory, we must reject deflationism.

The Correspondence Theory of Truth

The Correspondence Theory of Truth
Author: Andrew Newman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 265
Release: 2002-06-24
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1139434276

This work presents a version of the correspondence theory of truth based on Wittgenstein's Tractatus and Russell's theory of truth and discusses related metaphysical issues such as predication, facts and propositions. Like Russell and one prominent interpretation of the Tractatus it assumes a realist view of universals. Part of the aim is to avoid Platonic propositions, and although sympathy with facts is maintained in the early chapters, the book argues that facts as real entities are not needed. It includes discussion of contemporary philosophers such as David Armstrong, William Alston and Paul Horwich, as well as those who write about propositions and facts, and a number of students of Bertrand Russell. It will interest teachers and advanced students of philosophy who are interested in the realistic conception of truth and in issues in metaphysics related to the correspondence theory of truth, and those interested in Russell and the Tractatus.

Logical Properties

Logical Properties
Author: Colin McGinn
Publisher: Clarendon Press
Total Pages: 122
Release: 2000-11-09
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191529230

The concepts of identity, existence, predication, necessity, and truth are at the centre of philosophy and have rightly received sustained attention. Yet Colin McGinn believes that orthodox views of these topics are misguided in important ways. Philosophers and logicians have often distorted the nature of these concepts in an attempt to define them according to preconceived ideas. Logical Properties aims to respect the ordinary ways we talk and think when we employ these concepts, while at the same time showing that they are far more interesting and peculiar than some have supposed. There are real properties corresponding to these concepts - logical properties - that challenge naturalistic metaphysical views. These are not pseudo-properties or mere pieces of syntax. Logical Properties is written with the minimum of formal apparatus and deals with logico-linguistic issues as well as ontological ones. The focus is on trying to get to the essence of what the concept concerned stands for, and not merely finding some established notation for providing formal paraphrases.

New Thinking about Propositions

New Thinking about Propositions
Author: Jeffrey C. King
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Total Pages: 274
Release: 2014-01-10
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 0191502707

Philosophy (especially philosophy of language and philosophy of mind), science (especially linguistics and cognitive science), and common sense all sometimes make reference to propositions—understood as the things we believe and say, and the things which are (primarily) true or false. There is, however, no widespread agreement about what sorts of things these entities are. In New Thinking about Propositions, Jeffrey C. King, Scott Soames, and Jeff Speaks argue that commitment to propositions is indispensable, and that traditional accounts of propositions are inadequate. They each then defend their own views of the nature of propositions.

Truth, Language, and History

Truth, Language, and History
Author: Donald Davidson
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 371
Release: 2005
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0198237561

Continuing to explore the themes that have occupied him for more than 50 years, Donald Davidson looks at the philosophy of language, epistemology, metaphysics and the philosophy of the mind in order to make interconnections between his own views and some of the major philosophers of the past.

Plato on the Metaphysical Foundation of Meaning and Truth

Plato on the Metaphysical Foundation of Meaning and Truth
Author: Blake E. Hestir
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 285
Release: 2016-04-21
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1107132320

Blake E. Hestir's examination of Plato's conception of truth challenges a long tradition of interpretation in ancient scholarship.

Donald Davidson on Truth, Meaning, and the Mental

Donald Davidson on Truth, Meaning, and the Mental
Author: Gerhard Preyer
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 299
Release: 2012-09-06
Genre: Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN: 0199697515

This volume offers a reappraisal of Donald Davidson's influential philosophy of thought, meaning, and language, Twelve specially written essays by leading philosophers in the field illuminate a range of themes and problems relating to these subjects, and engage in particular with Ernie Lepore and Kirk Ludwig's interpretation of Davidson's thought.

Understanding Truth

Understanding Truth
Author: Scott Soames
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 288
Release: 1999
Genre: Truth
ISBN: 9780195123357

The author of this text explores the notion of truth and its role in our ordinary thought, as well as in logical, philosophical and scientific theories.