Trauma - An Engineering Analysis

Trauma - An Engineering Analysis
Author: Y.F. Al-Obaid
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 850
Release: 2007-02-24
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3540363084
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A number of books and research papers have been published on trauma and biomechanics.Theyhavesofarnotbeenrealisticallyintegrated.Thebasicaim ofthisbookistopresentauni?edapproachbetweentheengineeringandm- ical professions. The available engineering analyses and mathematical models can be interlinked and glued together with the medical ?ndings by means of surgeries and X-rays/scans. They can be translated into vastly developed computer programs predicting e?ects of plasticity, temperature, cracking, and crushing with and without muscles and other interlocking phenomenon. The available mathematical-cum-engineering model on trauma and bone mechanics are then linked to the ?nite element analysis and to a computer programinwhichprovisionsaremadetocaterforallpossibleeventualitiesand medicalparameters.Theproblemencounteredbysurgeriescanbeeasilybe- corporated into hybrid ?nite element computer programs such as PROGRAM ISOPARusedinthisbook.Inallcasestudiesthesurgicalin?uenceshavebeen considered together with the bone material data for both the operational, nonoperational and overloading behaviour of the human body structure. In all circumstances the human body structure and its important elements were treated as composite. The bone–blood interaction has been incorporated in ordertoobtainrealisticsolutions.Materialpropertiesinthree-dimensionhave always been considered in throughout in various investigations. Engineering analysis of trauma is being continuously developed taking into consideration the ever increasing changes in analytical, design, safety, and manufacturing techniques. The engineering advances in that direction are steadily gaining international acceptance in the wide sense of the medical profession.

Applied Engineering Analysis

Applied Engineering Analysis
Author: Tai-Ran Hsu
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 541
Release: 2018-04-30
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1119071208
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A resource book applying mathematics to solve engineering problems Applied Engineering Analysis is a concise textbookwhich demonstrates how toapply mathematics to solve engineering problems. It begins with an overview of engineering analysis and an introduction to mathematical modeling, followed by vector calculus, matrices and linear algebra, and applications of first and second order differential equations. Fourier series and Laplace transform are also covered, along with partial differential equations, numerical solutions to nonlinear and differential equations and an introduction to finite element analysis. The book also covers statistics with applications to design and statistical process controls. Drawing on the author's extensive industry and teaching experience, spanning 40 years, the book takes a pedagogical approach and includes examples, case studies and end of chapter problems. It is also accompanied by a website hosting a solutions manual and PowerPoint slides for instructors. Key features: Strong emphasis on deriving equations, not just solving given equations, for the solution of engineering problems. Examples and problems of a practical nature with illustrations to enhance student’s self-learning. Numerical methods and techniques, including finite element analysis. Includes coverage of statistical methods for probabilistic design analysis of structures and statistical process control (SPC). Applied Engineering Analysis is a resource book for engineering students and professionals to learn how to apply the mathematics experience and skills that they have already acquired to their engineering profession for innovation, problem solving, and decision making.

A National Trauma Care System

A National Trauma Care System
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
Total Pages: 531
Release: 2016-10-12
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 0309442850
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Advances in trauma care have accelerated over the past decade, spurred by the significant burden of injury from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Between 2005 and 2013, the case fatality rate for United States service members injured in Afghanistan decreased by nearly 50 percent, despite an increase in the severity of injury among U.S. troops during the same period of time. But as the war in Afghanistan ends, knowledge and advances in trauma care developed by the Department of Defense (DoD) over the past decade from experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq may be lost. This would have implications for the quality of trauma care both within the DoD and in the civilian setting, where adoption of military advances in trauma care has become increasingly common and necessary to improve the response to multiple civilian casualty events. Intentional steps to codify and harvest the lessons learned within the military's trauma system are needed to ensure a ready military medical force for future combat and to prevent death from survivable injuries in both military and civilian systems. This will require partnership across military and civilian sectors and a sustained commitment from trauma system leaders at all levels to assure that the necessary knowledge and tools are not lost. A National Trauma Care System defines the components of a learning health system necessary to enable continued improvement in trauma care in both the civilian and the military sectors. This report provides recommendations to ensure that lessons learned over the past decade from the military's experiences in Afghanistan and Iraq are sustained and built upon for future combat operations and translated into the U.S. civilian system.

Trauma Biomechanics

Trauma Biomechanics
Author: Kai-Uwe Schmitt
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 179
Release: 2013-04-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3662054485
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The 2004 World Health Day is dedicated to the theme of road safety by the World Health Organization (WHO) due mostly to the enormous socio economic costs attributed to trafik accidents. More than 140,000 people are injured, 3,000 killed, and 15,000 disabled for life everyday on the world's roads. The field of trauma biomechanics, or injury biomechanics, uses the principles of mechanics to study the response and tolerance level of biological tissues under extreme loading conditions. Through an understanding of mechanical factors that influence the function and structure of human tissues, countermeasures can be developed to alleviate or even eliminate such injuries. This book, Trauma-Biomechanics, surveys a wide variety of topics in injury biomechanics including anatomy, injury c1assification, injury mechanism, and injury criteria. It is the first collection I am aware of that lists regional injury reference values, or injury criterion, either currently in use or proposed by both U. S. and European communities. Although the book is meant to be an introduction for medical doctors and engineers who are beginners in the field of injury biomechanics, sufficient references are provided for those who wish to conduct further research, and even established researchers will find it useful as a reference for finding the biomechanical background of each proposed injury mechanism and injury criterion.

Forensic Anthropology

Forensic Anthropology
Author: C. Clifford Boyd, Jr.
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 372
Release: 2018-03-19
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1119226384
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Provides comprehensive coverage of everything that students and practitioners need to know about working in the field of forensic anthropology Forensic anthropology has been plagued by questions of scientific validity and rigor despite its acceptance as a section in the American Academy of Forensic Sciences nearly half a century ago. Critics have viewed it as a laboratory-based applied subfield of biological anthropology, and characterised it as emphasising methodology over theory. This book shows that these views are not only antiquated, but inadequate and inaccurate. Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis introduces readers to all of the theoretical and scientific foundations of forensic anthropology — beginning with how it was influenced by the early theoretical approaches of Tyler, Morgan, Spencer and Darwin. It instructs on how modern forensic science relies on an interdisciplinary approach — with research being conducted in the fields of archaeology, physics, geology and other disciplines. This modern approach to theory in forensic anthropology is presented through the introduction and discussion of Foundational, Interpretive and Methodological theories. Sections cover: Bias and Objectivity in Forensic Anthropology Theory and Practice; The Theory and Science Behind Biological Profile and Personal Identification; Scientific Foundation for Interpretations of Antemortem, Perimortem, and Postmortem Processes; and Interdisciplinary Influences, Legal Ramifications and Future Directions. Illustrates important aspects of the theory building process and reflects methods for strengthening the scientific framework of forensic anthropology as a discipline Inspired by the “Application of Theory to Forensic Anthropology” symposium presented at the 67th annual meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences Chapters written by experts in the field who were presenters at the symposium Forensic Anthropology: Theoretical Framework and Scientific Basis is ideal for university courses in anthropological science, forensic science, criminal science and forensic archaeology.

Trauma

Trauma
Author: Stacey Day
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 380
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Science
ISBN: 146842145X
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Late in summer 1973, the Bell Museum of Pathology of the University of Minnesota Medical School, held a three day symposium to discuss some of the biological aspects of trauma disease. The meeting was intended to be a coatribution to the study of trauma by placing emphasis upon many of the basic biologic issues related to trauma injuries. It was also hoped to put in focus perspectives from which constructive interaction between basic research scientists and practicing clinicians could flow. It is our belief that it is through such interdisciplinary exchanges that intelligent progress and new developments will occur. Moreover we believe that the student body and the practicing physician can equally share this scientific backdrop, and in a sense must so participate, for in a technological society trauma injuries face the prospect of an almost exponential increase in numbers, decade to decade. With these views in mind we brought together biologists, biophysicists, biochemists, pathologists, physicians and surgeons, in an effort to build a new bridge of collaborative understanding between unrelated disciplines, which, in the past, have charac teristically rarely inter-related, one to the other. There were no hard and fast rules set in the selection of topics. Not surprisingly, therefore, the program developed into one of diverse and remarkable scope and breadth. Papers for discussion varied from the biochemistry of collagen metabolism to features of trauma characteristic of aviation and air trauma accidents.

Joint Meeting Munich 1968

Joint Meeting Munich 1968
Author: H. Bürkle de la Camp
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 637
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 3642499236
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of the cholecystogram. 1940 - the first anastomosis for oesophageal atresia by CAMERON HAIGHT in Ann Arbor and the first duodeno-pancreatectomy for pancreatic carcinoma, perfor med by WHIPPLE in New York. In 1943 - again WHIPPLE and his associates carried out the first porto-caval anastomosis at Columbia University and in 1945 - there followed BLALOCK'S anastomosis for Fallot's Tetralogy. In the following years the heart, as the last organ of the human body, became the chief target of surgical therapy. Most of the cardiovascular procedures, which today Fig. 4. New medical center of the Free University in West-Berlin under construction are part of the routine all over the world, originated in the United States or in Canada: in particular the spectacular successes of open heart surgery in hypothermia or extracorporeal circulation and the replacement of cardiac valves and arteries. This was the achievement of many active fellows of the American College of Surgeons with names well-known to all of us. The gradient between the surgical standards of our two countries was regrettably large after the second world war. The longtime isolation, the destruction of our cities, the loss of man-power through two world wars and the emigration following 1933 as well as a considerable brain-drain in more recent years were the main causes.

System Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development

System Engineering Analysis, Design, and Development
Author: Charles S. Wasson
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 882
Release: 2015-11-16
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1118967143
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Praise for the first edition: “This excellent text will be useful to everysystem engineer (SE) regardless of the domain. It covers ALLrelevant SE material and does so in a very clear, methodicalfashion. The breadth and depth of the author's presentation ofSE principles and practices is outstanding.” –Philip Allen This textbook presents a comprehensive, step-by-step guide toSystem Engineering analysis, design, and development via anintegrated set of concepts, principles, practices, andmethodologies. The methods presented in this text apply to any typeof human system -- small, medium, and large organizational systemsand system development projects delivering engineered systems orservices across multiple business sectors such as medical,transportation, financial, educational, governmental, aerospace anddefense, utilities, political, and charity, among others. Provides a common focal point for “bridgingthe gap” between and unifying System Users, System Acquirers,multi-discipline System Engineering, and Project, Functional, andExecutive Management education, knowledge, and decision-making fordeveloping systems, products, or services Each chapter provides definitions of key terms,guiding principles, examples, author’s notes, real-worldexamples, and exercises, which highlight and reinforce key SE&Dconcepts and practices Addresses concepts employed in Model-BasedSystems Engineering (MBSE), Model-Driven Design (MDD), UnifiedModeling Language (UMLTM) / Systems Modeling Language(SysMLTM), and Agile/Spiral/V-Model Development such asuser needs, stories, and use cases analysis; specificationdevelopment; system architecture development; User-Centric SystemDesign (UCSD); interface definition & control; systemintegration & test; and Verification & Validation(V&V) Highlights/introduces a new 21st Century SystemsEngineering & Development (SE&D) paradigm that is easy tounderstand and implement. Provides practices that are critical stagingpoints for technical decision making such as Technical StrategyDevelopment; Life Cycle requirements; Phases, Modes, & States;SE Process; Requirements Derivation; System ArchitectureDevelopment, User-Centric System Design (UCSD); EngineeringStandards, Coordinate Systems, and Conventions; et al. Thoroughly illustrated, with end-of-chapter exercises andnumerous case studies and examples, Systems EngineeringAnalysis, Design, and Development, Second Edition is a primarytextbook for multi-discipline, engineering, system analysis, andproject management undergraduate/graduate level students and avaluable reference for professionals.