Transition Metal Sulphides
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| Author | : Th. Weber |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 357 |
| Release | : 2013-06-29 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9401735778 |
Hydrotreating catalysis with transition metal sulphides is one of the most important areas of industrial heterogeneous catalysis. The present book deals with the chemical and catalytic aspects of transition metal sulphides, focusing on their use in hydrotreating catalysis. The book¿s 12 chapters present reviews of solid-state, coordination and organometallic chemistry, surface science and spectroscopic studies, quantum chemical calculations, catalytic studies with model and real catalysts, as well as refinery processes. A presentation of state-of-the-art background to pertinent work in the field. Can be used as an introduction to the chemical and catalytic properties of transition metal sulphides as well as an advanced level reference.
| Author | : Goutam Kumar Dalapati |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 804 |
| Release | : 2022-06-17 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0323998828 |
Sulfide and Selenide-Based Materials for Emerging Applications explores a materials and device-based approach to the transition to low-cost sustainable thin film photovoltaic devices and energy storage systems. Part 1 examines recent advances in renewable technologies and materials for sustainable development, as well as photovoltaic energy storage devices. Part 2 discusses thin film solar cells with earth abundant materials, highlighting the power conversion efficiency of the kesterite-based solar cells. Kesterite film technology including different synthesis and doping method designs are also discussed, along with emerging sulfide semiconductors with potential in thin film photovoltaics/flexible devices. In Part 3 sulfur- and selenides-based materials for thermoelectric applications are explored. Part 4 covers chalcogenide semiconductors with applications in electrochemical water splitting for green hydrogen generation and oxygen generation, as well as the latest research on layered 2D transition metal chalcogenides for electrochemical water splitting. To conclude, part 5 discusses recent developments of storage technologies such as Li-S batteries, sulfide-based supercapacitors and metal-ion batteries, and the development of 3D printing sulfides/selenides for energy conversion and storage. This book is a useful resource for those involved in green energy technology and decarbonization and is designed for a broad audience, from students to experienced scientists. - Discusses the emerging sulfide/selenide based thin film absorber materials and their deposition methods - Previews device engineering techniques that have been developed to enhance the power conversion efficiency and lifetime of sulfide/selenide based thin film solar cells - Provides an update on what low cost sulfide/selenide based electro-catalysts have become available and the comparison of their performance vs. noble metal catalysts
| Author | : RAYBAUD Pascal |
| Publisher | : Editions TECHNIP |
| Total Pages | : 368 |
| Release | : 2013-03-01 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 2710809915 |
The main application of Transition Metal Sulphides (TMS) as solid catalysts is for production of clean fuels in petroleum refineries. The various feedstocks to be processed all contain more or less sulphur, included in highly stable heteroaromatic molecules. In order to meet the stringent specifications imposed worldwide nowadays on transportation fuels to reduce their environmental impact, catalytic hydroprocessing remains essential. In this process, sulphur is removed as H2S following the reaction between molecular hydrogen and the heteroaromatics. The reaction conditions and reaction medium composition are such that only TMS provide stable catalysts, generally supported on alumina. Both for their fundamental and applied interest, these fascinating systems are still the subject of a very significant research effort, while major advances have been made over the past 30 years, involving innovative preparation routes, sophisticated surface science experiments for characterisation, detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies, and state of the art DFT simulations giving unprecedented insight into the local structure as well as elementary steps at microscopic level. This book aims at providing a complete, comprehensive and updated survey of the field, useful for anyone involved: the student starting a research project, the academic researcher or the refinery engineer willing to deepen their knowledge on the catalytic as well as on the process aspects. 37 specialists from IFP Energies nouvelles, CNRS, or French universities have contributed, reporting a unique synthesis of the last 15 years of research. The preface written by Michèle Breysse, a well known leading scientist who devoted most of her fruitful career to this topic, puts this collective work into a meaningful historical perspective. Contents : Part 1. Fundamental Aspects: Insights from DFT calculations and experimental surface sciences. 1. Periodic trends in catalysis by sulphides. 2. Atomic scale structures of mixed lamellar sulphides. 3. Theoretical and microkinetic studies of hydrotreatment reactions. 4. Models of supported Co(Ni)MoS Catalysts. Part 2. Progress in the preparation and characterisation of industrial hydrotreating catalysts. 1. Principles involved in the preparation of hydrotreatment catalysts. 2. Progress in the preparation of new catalysts. 3. Progress in the preparation of catalysts with controlled acidity: case of aluminosilicate supports. 4. Activation and genesis of the active phase by sulfidation. 5. life cycle of an HDT catalyst. 6. Charaterisation of catalysts. Part 3. Applications to the production of clean fuels. 1. An overview of refining. 2. Deep desulphurisation of middle distillates. 3. Selective desulphurisation of catalytic cracking gasolines. 4. Hydrocracking. 5. Hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of residue fractions. 6. Hydrotreatment of vegetable oils. 7. Hydroconversion of coals. Conclusion.
| Author | : An-Hui Lu |
| Publisher | : Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Total Pages | : 279 |
| Release | : 2010 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 0854041885 |
Nanostructured materials with tailored properties are regarded as a fundamental element in the development of future science and technology. Research is still ongoing into the nanosized construction elements required to create functional solids. The recently developed technique, nanocasting, has great advantage over others in terms of the synthesis of special nanostructured materials by the careful choice of suitable elements and nanoengineering steps. This new book summarizes the recent developments in nanocasting, including the principles of nanocasting, syntheses of novel nanostructured materials, characterization methods, detailed synthetic recipes and further possible development in this area. The book focuses on the synthesis of porous solids from the viewpoint of methodology and introduces the science of nanocasting from fundamental principles to their use in synthesis of various materials. It starts by outlining the principles of nanocasting, requirements to the templates and precursors and the tools needed to probe matter at the nanoscale level. It describes how to synthesize nano structured porous solids with defined characteristics and finally discusses the functionalization and application of porous solids. Special attention is given to new developments in this field and future perspectives. A useful appendix covering the detailed synthetic recipes of various templates including porous silica, porous carbon and colloidal spheres is included which will be invaluable to researchers wanting to follow and reproduce nanocast materials. Topics covered in the book include: * inorganic chemistry * organic chemistry * solution chemistry * sol-gel and interface science * acid-base equilibria * electrochemistry * biochemistry * confined synthesis The book gives readers not only an overview of nanocasting technology, but also sufficient information and knowledge for those wanting to prepare various nanostructured materials without needing to search the available literature.
| Author | : Peter G. Bruce |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 364 |
| Release | : 1997-06-12 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9780521599498 |
This book describes, for the first time in a modern text, the fundamental principles on which solid state electrochemistry is based. In this sense it is in contrast to other books in the field which concentrate on a description of materials. Topics include solid (ceramic) electrolytes, glasses, polymer electrolytes, intercalation electrodes, interfaces and applications. The different nature of ionic conductivity in ceramic, glassy and polymer electrolytes is described as are the thermodynamics and kinetics of intercalation reactions. The interface between solid electrolytes and electrodes is discussed and contrasted with the more conventional liquid state electrochemistry. The text provides an essential foundation of understanding for postgraduates or others entering the field for the first time and will also be of value in advanced undergraduate courses.
| Author | : Waqar Ahmed |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 625 |
| Release | : 2021-02-16 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 0128213574 |
Emerging Nanotechnologies for Renewable Energy offers a detailed overview of the benefits and applications of nanotechnology in the renewable energy sector. The book highlights recent work carried out on the emerging role of nanotechnology in renewable energy applications, ranging from photovoltaics, to battery technology and energy from waste. Written by international authors from both industry and academia, the book covers topics including scaling up from laboratory to industrial scale. It is a valuable resource for students at postgraduate and advanced undergraduate levels, researchers in industry and academia, technology leaders, and policy and decision-makers in the energy and engineering sectors. - Offers insights into a wide range of nanoscale technologies for the generation, storage and transfer of energy - Shows how nanotechnology is being used to create new, more environmentally friendly energy solutions - Assesses the challenges involved in scaling up nanotechnology-based energy solutions to an industrial scale
| Author | : W Gao |
| Publisher | : Elsevier |
| Total Pages | : 677 |
| Release | : 2008-04-09 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 1845694252 |
High temperature corrosion is a phenomenon that occurs in components that operate at very high temperatures, such as gas turbines, jet engines and industrial plants. Engineers are constantly striving to understand and prevent this type of corrosion. This book examines the latest developments in the understanding of high temperature corrosion processes and protective oxide scales and coatings.Part one looks at high temperature corrosion. Chapters cover diffusion and solid state reactions, external and internal oxidation of alloys, metal dusting corrosion, tribological degradation, hot corrosion, and oxide scales on hot-rolled steel strips. Modern techniques for analysing high temperature oxidation and corrosion are also discussed. Part two discusses methods of protection using ceramics, composites, protective oxide scales and coatings. Chapters focus on layered ternary ceramics, alumina scales, Ti-Al intermetallic compounds, metal matrix composites, chemical vapour deposited silicon carbide, nanocrystalline coatings and thermal barrier coatings. Part three provides case studies illustrating some of the challenges of high temperature corrosion to industry and how they can be overcome. Case studies include the petrochemical industry, modern incinerators and oxidation processing of electronic materials.This book is a valuable reference tool for engineers who develop heat resistant materials, mechanical engineers who design and maintain high temperature equipment and plant, and research scientists and students who study high temperature corrosion and protection of materials. - Describes the latest developments in understanding high temperature corrosion - Presents the latest research by the leading innovators from around the globe - Case studies are provided to illustrate key points
| Author | : Alexander V. Kolobov |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 545 |
| Release | : 2016-07-26 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 3319314505 |
This book summarizes the current status of theoretical and experimental progress in 2 dimensional graphene-like monolayers and few-layers of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). Semiconducting monolayer TMDCs, due to the presence of a direct gap, significantly extend the potential of low-dimensional nanomaterials for applications in nanoelectronics and nano-optoelectronics as well as flexible nano-electronics with unprecedented possibilities to control the gap by external stimuli. Strong quantum confinement results in extremely high exciton binding energies which forms an interesting platform for both fundamental studies and device applications. Breaking of spatial inversion symmetry in monolayers results in strong spin-valley coupling potentially leading to their use in valleytronics. Starting with the basic chemistry of transition metals, the reader is introduced to the rich field of transition metal dichalcogenides. After a chapter on three dimensional crystals and a description of top-down and bottom-up fabrication methods of few-layer and single layer structures, the fascinating world of two-dimensional TMDCs structures is presented with their unique atomic, electronic, and magnetic properties. The book covers in detail particular features associated with decreased dimensionality such as stability and phase-transitions in monolayers, the appearance of a direct gap, large binding energy of 2D excitons and trions and their dynamics, Raman scattering associated with decreased dimensionality, extraordinarily strong light-matter interaction, layer-dependent photoluminescence properties, new physics associated with the destruction of the spatial inversion symmetry of the bulk phase, spin-orbit and spin-valley couplings. The book concludes with chapters on engineered heterostructures and device applications such as a monolayer MoS2 transistor. Considering the explosive interest in physics and applications of two-dimensional materials, this book is a valuable source of information for material scientists and engineers working in the field as well as for the graduate students majoring in materials science.
| Author | : Mirtat Bouroushian |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 365 |
| Release | : 2010-04-23 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3642039677 |
The author provides a unified account of the electrochemical material science of metal chalcogenide (MCh) compounds and alloys with regard to their synthesis, processing and applications. Starting with the chemical fundamentals of the chalcogens and their major compounds, the initial part of the book includes a systematic description of the MCh solids on the basis of the Periodic Table in terms of their structures and key properties. This is followed by a general discussion on the electrochemistry of chalcogen species, and the principles underlying the electrochemical formation of inorganic compounds/alloys. The core of the book offers an insight into available experimental results and inferences regarding the electrochemical preparation and microstructural control of conventional and novel MCh structures. It also aims to survey their photoelectrochemistry, both from a material-oriented point of view and as connected to specific processes such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion. Finally, the book illustrates the relevance of MCh materials to various applications of electrochemical interest such as (electro)catalysis in fuel cells, energy storage with intercalation electrodes, and ion sensing.
| Author | : Saravanan Rajendran |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 360 |
| Release | : 2021-01-25 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3030564134 |
This book presents recent advances in inorganic nanomaterials for healthcare, with focus on the synthesis, medical applications and toxicity of metals, metal oxides and metal sulfides. Major applications include diagnosis, bioimaging, biosensing, healing and therapy in cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, dentistry and antimicrobials.
