Towards Uniformity
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Author | : Ingeborg H. Schwenzer |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2011 |
Genre | : Conflict of laws |
ISBN | : 9789490947101 |
This volume presents the papers from the 2nd Annual MAA Schlechtriem CISG Conference, held in Hong Kong in 2010. It contains contributions on emerging topics including the CISG's compatibility with Islamic law, tacit exclusion of the CISG by waiver during litigation, incorporation of standard terms through websites, the principle of favor contractus, the Limitation Convention, and the CISG's influence in South Korea, Japan and the Chinese SARs of Hong Kong and Macao. It also presents important new empirical studies relating to the CISG: the Global Sales Law Project study on choice of law; a UK legal education survey; and a revealing study comparing international investment arbitration outcomes to those from international commercial arbitration pursuant to the CISG. The book is a valuable resource for both academics and practitioners dealing with international sales transactions. Book jacket.
Author | : Vanessa Drexler |
Publisher | : Anchor Academic Publishing |
Total Pages | : 137 |
Release | : 2016-07 |
Genre | : Language Arts & Disciplines |
ISBN | : 3954894777 |
“I don’t translate, I create!” – This is the slogan of a translation agency called “Sternkopf Communications” located in Flöha, Germany. The translators at this translation agency are specialized in the field of marketing and perceive creativeness their daily bread. But what does this actually mean – I don’t translate, I create? Undoubtedly, the translation of a text from one language into another is not an easy and straightforward process. On the contrary, the translator needs to invest much time and one or the other headache before a target text (TT) finally sounds natural, fluent, coherent and logical for the target audience. Different possible translation solutions will have to be considered, language as well as culture-related equivalents often are not easily at hand etc. Would it not be pleasant if machine translation (MT) was there to help with this process? Nevertheless, as promising as this may sound, no machine or software developed so far is able to independently produce TTs meeting the standards of marketable translations, despite copious efforts to do so. This just goes to show how important the human capacity of creativity in language and text production is for the translation process. Without human creative thinking, TTs would, in fact, truly only read like translations, i.e. mechanical reproductions of the source text (ST) in a different code, rather than natural texts in their own right. Good translations, however, distinguish themselves by not revealing their readership that they are “merely” renderings of the original text. Hence, a slogan such as “I don’t translate, I create”, emphasizes the effort that is put into the translation process quite well, making the customers of Sternkopf Communications instantly aware of the fact that their texts are in good hands and will eventually not read like mechanical translations but as if they were well-composed originals. Yet, despite the enormous importance of creativity in translating, computer-aided translation (CAT) tools are being used frequently by professional translators, not to replace but to support the translator in their daily business. From the 1990s onwards, using CAT tools has been becoming increasingly popular for the following reason: They are said to help translators to achieve faster turnaround times by storing completed translations in a translation memory TM. In so doing, CAT tools enable their users to translate in a more consistent way, since they search source texts for words, phrases or sentences that have already been translated before and stored in the TM so that the translator does not need to translate this text unit again ‘from scratch’. Accordingly, this paper pursues two related purposes. The first is to compare the different CAT tools in their degree of usability to gain an impression of which of these translation memory solutions is perceived to meet translators’ technological requirements best. The second purpose is to identify translators’ perspectives on uniformity and creativity in translations with the goal to shedding light on the question whether CAT tools generally tend to positively or negatively influence the translation process on a rather linguistic than technological basis.
Author | : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 850 |
Release | : 1904 |
Genre | : Great Britain |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Joseph Cook |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 504 |
Release | : 1890 |
Genre | : Social problems |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Iutisone Salevao |
Publisher | : A&C Black |
Total Pages | : 457 |
Release | : 2002-06-18 |
Genre | : Religion |
ISBN | : 1841272612 |
This book adopts an inter-disciplinary approach to the study of the theology, symbolism and argument of Hebrews. Employing sociological models, the book examines Hebrews in the context of the early Christians' construction and maintenance of a social world. In that respect, the book elaborates the thesis that Hebrews was designed to serve a legitimating function in the realm of social interaction, that its theology, symbolism and argument were designed to construct and maintain the symbolic universe of the community of the readers. It is argued that we cannot properly understand the theology, symbolism and argument of Hebrews apart from its first-century context.
Author | : New England Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 646 |
Release | : 1898 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 684 |
Release | : 1928 |
Genre | : City traffic |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 1478 |
Release | : 1909 |
Genre | : Railroads |
ISBN | : |
Author | : |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 342 |
Release | : 1919 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : |
Author | : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 930 |
Release | : 1907 |
Genre | : Bills, Legislative |
ISBN | : |