Towards a Modeling Synthesis of Two or Three-Dimensional Circuits Through Substrate Coupling and Interconnections: Noises and Parasites

Towards a Modeling Synthesis of Two or Three-Dimensional Circuits Through Substrate Coupling and Interconnections: Noises and Parasites
Author: Christian Gontrand
Publisher: Bentham Science Publishers
Total Pages: 225
Release: 2014-04-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1608058263

The number of transistors in integrated circuits doubles every two years, as stipulated by Moore’s law, and this has been the driving force for the huge development of the microelectronics industry in the past 50 years – currently advanced to the nanometric scale. This e-book is dedicated to electronic noises and parasites, accounting for issues involving substrate coupling and interconnections, in the perspective of the 3D integration: a second track for enhancing integration, also compatible with Moore’s law. This reference explains the modeling of 3D circuits without delving into the latest advances, but highlights crucial problems, for instance electro-thermo-mechanical problems, which could be addressed through 3D modeling. The book also explains electromagnetic interferences , at different modeling levels (device and circuit) oriented towards 3D integration technologies. It also covers substrate noise, such as disturbances of digital blocks, power bounces, phase noise in oscillators, both at the device level, such as carriers or field fluctuations, and circuit levels. The entanglement between interconnect and substrate is also discussed. This e-book serves as a reference for advanced graduates or researchers in the field of micro and nano electronics interested in topics relevant to electromagnetic interference or the ‘noise’ domain, at device or circuit and system levels

Power, Thermal, Noise, and Signal Integrity Issues on Substrate/Interconnects Entanglement

Power, Thermal, Noise, and Signal Integrity Issues on Substrate/Interconnects Entanglement
Author: Yue Ma
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 226
Release: 2019-03-08
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0429680074

As demand for on-chip functionalities and requirements for low power operation continue to increase as a result of the emergence in mobile, wearable and internet-of-things (IoT) products, 3D/2.5D have been identified as an inevitable path moving forward. As circuits become more and more complex, especially three-dimensional ones, new insights have to be developed in many domains, including electrical, thermal, noise, interconnects, and parasites. It is the entanglement of such domains that begins the very key challenge as we enter in 3D nano-electronics. This book aims to develop this new paradigm, going to a synthesis beginning between many technical aspects.

Analog Devices and Circuits 2

Analog Devices and Circuits 2
Author: Christian Gontrand
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 276
Release: 2024-02-23
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1394276753

At the end of the Second World War, a new technological trend was born: integrated electronics. This trend relied on the enormous rise of integrable electronic devices. Analog Devices and Circuits is composed of two volumes: the first deals with analog components, and the second with associated analog circuits. The goal here is not to create an overly comprehensive analysis, but rather to break it down into smaller sections, thus highlighting the complexity and breadth of the field. This first volume, after a brief history, describes the two main devices, namely bipolar transistors and MOS, with particular importance given to the modeling aspect. In doing so, we deal with new devices dedicated to radio frequency, which touches on nanoelectronics. We will also address some of the notions related to quantum mechanics. Finally, Monte Carlo methods, by essence statistics, will be introduced, which have become more and more important since the middle of the twentieth century. The second volume deals with the circuits that "use" the analog components that were introduced in Volume 1. Here, a particular emphasis is placed on the main circuit: the operational amplifier.

Synthesis of Power Distribution to Manage Signal Integrity in Mixed-Signal ICs

Synthesis of Power Distribution to Manage Signal Integrity in Mixed-Signal ICs
Author: Balsha R. Stanisic
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 221
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461313996

In the early days of VLSI, the design of the power distribution for an integrated cir cuit was rather simple. Power distribution --the design of the geometric topology for the network of wires that connect the various power supplies, the widths of the indi vidual segments for each of these wires, the number and location of the power I/O pins around the periphery of the chip --was simple because the chips were simpler. Few available wiring layers forced floorplans that allowed simple, planar (non-over lapping) power networks. Lower speeds and circuit density made the choice of the wire widths easier: we made them just fat enough to avoid resistive voltage drops due to switching currents in the supply network. And we just didn't need enormous num bers of power and ground pins on the package for the chips to work. It's not so simple any more. Increased integration has forced us to focus on reliability concerns such as metal elec tromigration, which affects wire sizing decisions in the power network. Extra metal layers have allowed more flexibility in the topological layout of the power networks.

Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit Design

Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit Design
Author: Vasilis F. Pavlidis
Publisher: Newnes
Total Pages: 770
Release: 2017-07-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 0124104843

Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit Design, Second Eition, expands the original with more than twice as much new content, adding the latest developments in circuit models, temperature considerations, power management, memory issues, and heterogeneous integration. 3-D IC experts Pavlidis, Savidis, and Friedman cover the full product development cycle throughout the book, emphasizing not only physical design, but also algorithms and system-level considerations to increase speed while conserving energy. A handy, comprehensive reference or a practical design guide, this book provides effective solutions to specific challenging problems concerning the design of three-dimensional integrated circuits. Expanded with new chapters and updates throughout based on the latest research in 3-D integration: - Manufacturing techniques for 3-D ICs with TSVs - Electrical modeling and closed-form expressions of through silicon vias - Substrate noise coupling in heterogeneous 3-D ICs - Design of 3-D ICs with inductive links - Synchronization in 3-D ICs - Variation effects on 3-D ICs - Correlation of WID variations for intra-tier buffers and wires - Offers practical guidance on designing 3-D heterogeneous systems - Provides power delivery of 3-D ICs - Demonstrates the use of 3-D ICs within heterogeneous systems that include a variety of materials, devices, processors, GPU-CPU integration, and more - Provides experimental case studies in power delivery, synchronization, and thermal characterization

Computer-Aided Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems

Computer-Aided Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems
Author: Rob A. Rutenbar
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 773
Release: 2002-05-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 047122782X

The tools and techniques you need to break the analog design bottleneck! Ten years ago, analog seemed to be a dead-end technology. Today, System-on-Chip (SoC) designs are increasingly mixed-signal designs. With the advent of application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC) technologies that can integrate both analog and digital functions on a single chip, analog has become more crucial than ever to the design process. Today, designers are moving beyond hand-crafted, one-transistor-at-a-time methods. They are using new circuit and physical synthesis tools to design practical analog circuits; new modeling and analysis tools to allow rapid exploration of system level alternatives; and new simulation tools to provide accurate answers for analog circuit behaviors and interactions that were considered impossible to handle only a few years ago. To give circuit designers and CAD professionals a better understanding of the history and the current state of the art in the field, this volume collects in one place the essential set of analog CAD papers that form the foundation of today's new analog design automation tools. Areas covered are: * Analog synthesis * Symbolic analysis * Analog layout * Analog modeling and analysis * Specialized analog simulation * Circuit centering and yield optimization * Circuit testing Computer-Aided Design of Analog Integrated Circuits and Systems is the cutting-edge reference that will be an invaluable resource for every semiconductor circuit designer and CAD professional who hopes to break the analog design bottleneck.

Noise Coupling in System-on-Chip

Noise Coupling in System-on-Chip
Author: Thomas Noulis
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 555
Release: 2018-01-09
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1351642782

Noise Coupling is the root-cause of the majority of Systems on Chip (SoC) product fails. The book discusses a breakthrough substrate coupling analysis flow and modelling toolset, addressing the needs of the design community. The flow provides capability to analyze noise components, propagating through the substrate, the parasitic interconnects and the package. Using this book, the reader can analyze and avoid complex noise coupling that degrades RF and mixed signal design performance, while reducing the need for conservative design practices. With chapters written by leading international experts in the field, novel methodologies are provided to identify noise coupling in silicon. It additionally features case studies that can be found in any modern CMOS SoC product for mobile communications, automotive applications and readout front ends.

Advanced Field-Solver Techniques for RC Extraction of Integrated Circuits

Advanced Field-Solver Techniques for RC Extraction of Integrated Circuits
Author: Wenjian Yu
Publisher: Springer Science & Business
Total Pages: 258
Release: 2014-04-21
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642542980

Resistance and capacitance (RC) extraction is an essential step in modeling the interconnection wires and substrate coupling effect in nanometer-technology integrated circuits (IC). The field-solver techniques for RC extraction guarantee the accuracy of modeling, and are becoming increasingly important in meeting the demand for accurate modeling and simulation of VLSI designs. Advanced Field-Solver Techniques for RC Extraction of Integrated Circuits presents a systematic introduction to, and treatment of, the key field-solver methods for RC extraction of VLSI interconnects and substrate coupling in mixed-signal ICs. Various field-solver techniques are explained in detail, with real-world examples to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm. This book will benefit graduate students and researchers in the field of electrical and computer engineering as well as engineers working in the IC design and design automation industries. Dr. Wenjian Yu is an Associate Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Technology at Tsinghua University in China; Dr. Xiren Wang is a R&D Engineer at Cadence Design Systems in the USA.

Medical Imaging

Medical Imaging
Author: Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 328
Release: 2009-02-18
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780470451809

A must-read for anyone working in electronics in the healthcare sector This one-of-a-kind book addresses state-of-the-art integrated circuit design in the context of medical imaging of the human body. It explores new opportunities in ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine (PET, SPECT), emerging detector technologies, circuit design techniques, new materials, and innovative system approaches. Divided into four clear parts and with contributions from a panel of international experts, Medical Imaging systematically covers: X-ray imaging and computed tomography–X-ray and CT imaging principles; Active Matrix Flat Panel Imagers (AMFPI) for diagnostic medical imaging applications; photon counting and integrating readout circuits; noise coupling in digital X-ray imaging Nuclear medicine–SPECT and PET imaging principles; low-noise electronics for radiation sensors Ultrasound imaging–Electronics for diagnostic ultrasonic imaging Magnetic resonance imaging–Magnetic resonance imaging principles; MRI technology

Simulation Techniques and Solutions for Mixed-Signal Coupling in Integrated Circuits

Simulation Techniques and Solutions for Mixed-Signal Coupling in Integrated Circuits
Author: Nishath K. Verghese
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461522390

The goal of putting `systems on a chip' has been a difficult challenge that is only recently being met. Since the world is `analog', putting systems on a chip requires putting analog interfaces on the same chip as digital processing functions. Since some processing functions are accomplished more efficiently in analog circuitry, chips with a large amount of analog and digital circuitry are being designed. Whether a small amount of analog circuitry is combined with varying amounts of digital circuitry or the other way around, the problem encountered in marrying analog and digital circuitry are the same but with different scope. Some of the most prevalent problems are chip/package capacitive and inductive coupling, ringing on the RLC tuned circuits that form the chip/package power supply rails and off-chip drivers and receivers, coupling between circuits through the chip substrate bulk, and radiated emissions from the chip/package interconnects. To aggravate the problems of designers who have to deal with the complexity of mixed-signal coupling there is a lack of verification techniques to simulate the problem. In addition to considering RLC models for the various chip/package/board level parasitics, mixed-signal circuit designers must also model coupling through the common substrate when simulating ICs to obtain an accurate estimate of coupled noise in their designs. Unfortunately, accurate simulation of substrate coupling has only recently begun to receive attention, and techniques for the same are not widely known. Simulation Techniques and Solutions for Mixed-Signal Coupling in Integrated Circuits addresses two major issues of the mixed-signal coupling problem -- how to simulate it and how to overcome it. It identifies some of the problems that will be encountered, gives examples of actual hardware experiences, offers simulation techniques, and suggests possible solutions. Readers of this book should come away with a clear directive to simulate their design for interactions prior to building the design, versus a `build it and see' mentality.