Total Steroid Synthesis
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Author | : A. A. Akhrem |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 368 |
Release | : 2012-12-06 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1475705875 |
Since the appearance of the Russian edition of this monograph (1967), the main tendencies of the development of total synfuesis have not changed. The accelerated accumulation of experimental material is continuing, mainly in the form of the improvement of already-existing synthesis schemes. The main new advance is the development of asymmetric syn theses with intermediates that have made it possible to avoid the main dis advantage of total synthesis - the formation of racemic final compounds. The most important work that has appeared since the appearance of the Russian edition is given in an Appendix to the book. Apart from this, only a very slight rearrangement of the material and of some of the schemes has been carried out for the American edition. A. A. Akhrem Yu. A. Titov Moscow, July 1968 v Preface to the Russian Edition Steroids are one of the most interesting and most widely distributed and, at the same time, one of the most structurally complex groups of natural compounds. In spite of this, the great theoretical and practical importance of steroids for biology and medicine has led to very intensive scientific research work on their synthesis. The numerous methods for obtaining steroids developed at the present time can be divided into four main groups: isolation from natural sources, microbiological synthesis, partial synthesis from natural raw material already containing the steroid skeleton, and, finally, total chemical synthesis from precursors of com paratively simple structure.
Author | : Antonino Belfiore |
Publisher | : Springer |
Total Pages | : 0 |
Release | : 2018-02-08 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 9783319446745 |
This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the current knowledge of the physiology of the endocrine system and hormone synthesis and release, transport, and action at the molecular and cellular levels. It presents essential as well as in-depth information of value to both medical students and specialists in Endocrinology, Gynecology, Pediatrics, and Internal Medicine. Although it is well established that the endocrine system regulates essential functions involved in growth, reproduction, and homeostasis, it is increasingly being recognized that this complex regulatory system comprises not only hormones secreted by the classic endocrine glands but also hormones and regulatory factors produced by many organs, and involves extensive crosstalk with the neural and immune system. At the same time, our knowledge of the molecular basis of hormone action has greatly improved. Understanding this complexity of endocrine physiology is crucial to prevent endocrine disorders, to improve the sensitivity of our diagnostic tools, and to provide the rationale for pharmacological, immunological, or genetic interventions. It is such understanding that this book is designed to foster.
Author | : Daniel Lednicer |
Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
Total Pages | : 154 |
Release | : 2011-06-20 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 111995729X |
The term steroid has become virtually synonymous with drug abuse in sport to the majority of the public. However these steroids - androgens - actually comprise only a single relatively small class of biologically active steroids, and are overshadowed by a large collection of compounds, a sizeable number of which are commercial drugs that share the same structural carbon skeleton. The development of these drugs has led to a large body of organic chemistry often denoted as "Steroid Chemistry". Steroid Chemistry At A Glance provides a concise overview of the main principles and reactions of steroid chemistry. Topics covered include: history, isolation and structure determination of steroids steroid nomenclature and stereochemistry natural sources of steroids synthesis and reactions of aromatic a-ring steroids, androstanes, and pregnanes steroids with a spirolactone at position 17 steroids with hetrocyclic ring A compounds derived from cholesterol Based on the highly successful and student friendly "at a glance" approach, the information is presented in integrated, self contained double page spreads of text and illustrative material. Students of chemistry and pharmacy using Steroid Chemistry at a Glance will find they have a resource with which they can quickly, concisely and confidently acquire, regularly review and revise the basic facts that underpin the properties, synthesis and reactions of this important class of natural products. It will also serve as a handy bench reference for postgraduates and professional chemists.
Author | : Robert T. Blickenstaff |
Publisher | : Academic Press |
Total Pages | : 345 |
Release | : 2013-10-22 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 148321642X |
Organic Chemistry, Volume 30: Total Synthesis of Steroids provides an overall view of steroid total synthesis, including the general approaches, special problems, stereochemical complexities, expansion or contraction of rings, and insertion of hetero atoms. The book discusses the process of designing total syntheses; the biogenetic-like steroid synthesis, including cyclization of terminal epoxides as well as the total synthesis from nonepoxide precursors; and the synthesis of equilenin, estrone, bisdehydrodoisynolic acid, 18,19-bisnorprogesterone, 19-norpregnanes, and heterocyclic steroids. The text also describes the application of ABD intermediates in the Torgov synthesis; the synthesis of carbocyclics and thiasteroids; and the synthesis from p-anisylcyclohexanes and from C-5, C-8 bridged intermediates. The synthesis based on the type of reaction used in the condensation of the A fragment with the CD portion, as well as the methods of total synthesis in the preparation of 8-azasteroids and 8,13-diazasteroids are also considered. The book further tackles the synthesis of epiandrosterone, cortisone, aldosterone, 3ß-hydroxy-5a-pregnan-20-one, latifoline, conessine, and ring C aromatic steroids; the synthesis of trans-benzohydrindane derivatives and other common derivatives; and the synthesis of CD intermediates. Chemists, biochemists, and people involved in the study of steroid total syntheses will find the book invaluable.
Author | : K H Overton |
Publisher | : Royal Society of Chemistry |
Total Pages | : 571 |
Release | : 2007-10-31 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 1847557007 |
Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 90 years The Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.
Author | : Jie Jack Li |
Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
Total Pages | : 292 |
Release | : 2013-03-14 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 3642340652 |
'Total Synthesis of Natural Products' is written and edited by some of today's leaders in organic chemistry. Eleven chapters cover a range of natural products, from steroids to alkaloids. Each chapter contains an introduction to the natural product in question, descriptions of its biological and pharmacological properties and outlines of total synthesis procedures already carried out. Particular emphasis is placed on novel methodologies developed by the respective authors and their research groups. This text is ideal for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, as well as organic chemists in academia and industry.
Author | : Alison Fiander |
Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
Total Pages | : 557 |
Release | : 2016-10-13 |
Genre | : Education |
ISBN | : 1107667135 |
A fully updated and illustrated handbook providing comprehensive coverage of all curriculum areas covered by the MRCOG Part 1 examination.
Author | : John D. Roberts |
Publisher | : |
Total Pages | : 1596 |
Release | : 1977 |
Genre | : Chemistry, Organic |
ISBN | : 9780805383218 |
Introduction what is organic chemistry all about?; Structural organic chemistry the shapes of molecules functional groups; Organic nomenclature; Alkanes; Stereoisomerism of organic molecules; Bonding in organic molecules atomic-orbital models; More on nomenclature compounds other than hydrocarbons; Nucleophilic substitution and elimination reactions; Separation and purification identification of organic compounds by spectroscopic techniques; Alkenes and alkynes. Ionic and radical addition reactions; Alkenes and alkynes; Oxidation and reduction reactions; Acidity or alkynes.
Author | : Luc Téot |
Publisher | : Springer Nature |
Total Pages | : 553 |
Release | : 2020-12-07 |
Genre | : Medical |
ISBN | : 3030447669 |
This text book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. Written by a group of international experts in the field and the result of over ten years of collaboration, it allows students and readers to gain to gain a detailed understanding of scar and wound treatment – a topic still dispersed among various disciplines. The content is divided into three parts for easy reference. The first part focuses on the fundamentals of scar management, including assessment and evaluation procedures, classification, tools for accurate measurement of all scar-related elements (volume density, color, vascularization), descriptions of the different evaluation scales. It also features chapters on the best practices in electronic-file storage for clinical reevaluation and telemedicine procedures for safe remote evaluation. The second section offers a comprehensive review of treatment and evidence-based technologies, presenting a consensus of the various available guidelines (silicone, surgery, chemical injections, mechanical tools for scar stabilization, lasers). The third part evaluates the full range of emerging technologies offered to physicians as alternative or complementary solutions for wound healing (mechanical, chemical, anti-proliferation). Textbook on Scar Management will appeal to trainees, fellows, residents and physicians dealing with scar management in plastic surgery, dermatology, surgery and oncology, as well as to nurses and general practitioners
Author | : José-Luis Barredo |
Publisher | : Humana Press |
Total Pages | : 373 |
Release | : 2017-07-15 |
Genre | : Science |
ISBN | : 9781493971824 |
This volume provides practical experimental laboratory protocols for a wide range of steroid bioconversions. The chapters in this book cover topics such as bioconversions and chemical synthesis pathways; strain characterization; bioconversion from sterols to androstenedione and androstadienedione; steroid hydroxylations; biocatalysis; and downstream processes to purify steroid intermediates. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and thorough, Microbial Steroids: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for laboratory and industrial professionals. It is also useful for graduate students studying biotechnology, microbiology, genetics, and molecular biology.