Thermosonde C2n Measurements in Hawaii -- August 1982

Thermosonde C2n Measurements in Hawaii -- August 1982
Author: James H. Brown
Publisher:
Total Pages: 44
Release: 1984
Genre: Atmosphere, Upper
ISBN:

Eight AFGL thermosondes were flown from Mt. Haleakala, Hawaii to measure atmospheric turbulence in the form of the optical refractive index structure constant C sub n squared. Temperature and relative humidity comparisons between the AFGL instruments and standard GMD rawinsondes are presented. The AFGL instruments obtain greater temperature and humidity spatial resolution and consequently show finer structure in the profiles. A diurnal shift in the C sub n squared profile is noted as well as a tropopause enhancement. Coherence scales are calculated from the thermosonde data.

The Infrared Handbook

The Infrared Handbook
Author: Environmental Research Institute of Michigan. Infrared Information and Analysis Center
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1740
Release: 1978
Genre: Infrared radiation
ISBN:

An Introduction to Ocean Turbulence

An Introduction to Ocean Turbulence
Author: S. A. Thorpe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 266
Release: 2007-10-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521859486

This textbook provides an introduction to turbulent motion occurring naturally in the ocean on scales ranging from millimetres to hundreds of kilometres. It describes turbulence in the mixed boundary layers at the sea surface and seabed, turbulent motion in the density-stratified water between, and the energy sources that support and sustain ocean mixing. Little prior knowledge of physical oceanography is assumed. The text is supported by numerous figures, extensive further reading lists, and more than 50 exercises that are graded in difficulty. Detailed solutions to the exercises are available to instructors online at www.cambridge.org/9780521859486. This textbook is intended for undergraduate courses in physical oceanography, and all students interested in multidisciplinary aspects of how the ocean works, from the shoreline to the deep abyssal plains. It also forms a useful lead-in to the author's more advanced graduate textbook, The Turbulent Ocean (Cambridge University Press, 2005).

The Turbulent Ocean

The Turbulent Ocean
Author: S. A. Thorpe
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 496
Release: 2005-10-27
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9781139445795

The subject of ocean turbulence is in a state of discovery and development with many intellectual challenges. This book describes the principal dynamic processes that control the distribution of turbulence, its dissipation of kinetic energy and its effects on the dispersion of properties such as heat, salinity, and dissolved or suspended matter in the deep ocean, the shallow coastal and the continental shelf seas. It focuses on the measurement of turbulence, and the consequences of turbulent motion in the oceanic boundary layers at the sea surface and near the seabed. Processes are illustrated by examples of laboratory experiments and field observations. The Turbulent Ocean provides an excellent resource for senior undergraduate and graduate courses, as well as an introduction and general overview for researchers. It will be of interest to all those involved in the study of fluid motion, in particular geophysical fluid mechanics, meteorology and the dynamics of lakes.

Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Volume 2

Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Volume 2
Author: Paul Yoder
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 538
Release: 2017-12-19
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1351830945

Opto-Mechanical Systems Design, Fourth Edition is different in many ways from its three earlier editions: coauthor Daniel Vukobratovich has brought his broad expertise in materials, opto-mechanical design, analysis of optical instruments, large mirrors, and structures to bear throughout the book; Jan Nijenhuis has contributed a comprehensive new chapter on kinematics and applications of flexures; and several other experts in special aspects of opto-mechanics have contributed portions of other chapters. An expanded feature—a total of 110 worked-out design examples—has been added to several chapters to show how the theory, equations, and analytical methods can be applied by the reader. Finally, the extended text, new illustrations, new tables of data, and new references have warranted publication of this work in the form of two separate but closely entwined volumes. This second volume, Design and Analysis of Large Mirrors and Structures, concentrates on the design and mounting of significantly larger optics and their structures, including a new and important topic: detailed consideration of factors affecting large mirror performance. The book details how to design and fabricate very large single-substrate, segmented, and lightweight mirrors; describes mountings for large mirrors with their optical axes in vertical, horizontal, and variable orientations; indicates how metal and composite mirrors differ from ones made of glass; explains key design aspects of optical instrument structural design; and takes a look at an emerging technology—the evolution and applications of silicon and silicon carbide in mirrors and other types of components for optical applications.

Marine Turbulence

Marine Turbulence
Author: Helmut Z. Baumert
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 664
Release: 2005-04-04
Genre: Science
ISBN: 9780521837897

This book gives a comprehensive overview of marine turbulence and mixing for students, scientists, engineers.

Turbulence in the Free Atmosphere

Turbulence in the Free Atmosphere
Author: N. Vinnichenko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 318
Release: 2013-11-11
Genre: Science
ISBN: 1475701004

Turbulence-the randomly disordered movement of volumes of air of widely varying size-is one of the characteristic features of atmospheric air flows; its investigation is essential for the solution of several theoretical and practical problems. Until recently, owing to experimental difficulties, research on turbu lence was confmed mainly to the lower half of the troposphere. Theoretical investigations have consequently been based on these data. The rapid development of high-altitude aviation and cases of aircraft encoun tering hazardous turbulence led to a sharp intensification of research on turbu lence in the atmosphere up to 10-12 km, and subsequently at greater altitudes. Such research was confined initially to the characterization of the frequency of occurrence of gusts of different speeds, their relation to altitude, geographical conditions, time of day and year, and so on. At the end of the fifties, when the required measuring equipment and experimental techniques had been developed, it became possible to investigate the complete statistical characteristics of turbu lence: the spectral densities of the velocity fluctuations of air flows, structure functions, etc. These data stimulated the further development of theory related to the specific conditions of the free atmosphere.