The Role of Universities and Market Factors in the Location of Biotechnology Industrial Clusters
| Author | : Judith Connell |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 202 |
| Release | : 2002 |
| Genre | : Biotechnology |
| ISBN | : |
The Role Of Universities And Market Factors In The Location Of Biotechnology Industrial Clusters
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Industrial Clusters in Biotechnology
| Author | : Chiesa Vittorio Chiaroni Davide |
| Publisher | : Imperial College Press |
| Total Pages | : 254 |
| Release | : 2005 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 9781860946073 |
Annotation - the preconditions for a cluster to grow (scientific base and/or industrial base, innovative financing, etc.); - the driving forces for cluster growth and development, i.e. the key factors of development (new company creation, IP rules, acceptance of biotech products, services and infrastructures, etc.); - best practices in cluster management (barrier removal, network creation, marketing, technology transfer, etc.).
Determination of Critical Success Factors for the Development of Biotechnology Clusters
| Author | : Markus Fischer |
| Publisher | : GRIN Verlag |
| Total Pages | : 37 |
| Release | : 2007-09 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 3638779513 |
Essay from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,8, Leipzig Graduate School of Management, course: Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Cluster Development, 11 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In this paper I am going to discuss factors that initiate and drive the clustering of biotechnology companies. In a first step I will address the question of defining a cluster as such. I then turn to a discussion of believed beneficial outcomes by referring to the works of Porter who claims that among others clusters attract the formation of new businesses and also result in growth of the respective cluster . In the light of ten case studies I will then assess the relevance and impact of critical factors on the creation and development of biotechnology clusters. The findings of the case studies suggest relevant key factors and prerequisites for biotechnological clusters to emerge and to develop. Special emphasis will be placed on the question whether or not the beneficial outcomes of clustering as described by Porter can be confirmed by the case studies and the implications that follow as far as the beneficial outcomes are not being confirmed. The paper will conclude with a theoretical framework that is aimed at capturing the virtuous cycle of biotechnology clusters
The Fountain of Knowledge
| Author | : Shiri M. Breznitz |
| Publisher | : Stanford University Press |
| Total Pages | : 200 |
| Release | : 2014-07-30 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 0804791929 |
Today, universities around the world find themselves going beyond the traditional roles of research and teaching to drive the development of local economies through collaborations with industry. At a time when regions with universities are seeking best practices among their peers, Shiri M. Breznitz argues against the notion that one university's successful technology transfer model can be easily transported to another. Rather, the impact that a university can have on its local economy must be understood in terms of its idiosyncratic internal mechanisms, as well as the state and regional markets within which it operates. To illustrate her argument, Breznitz undertakes a comparative analysis of two universities, Yale and Cambridge, and the different outcomes of their attempts at technology commercialization in biotech. By contrasting these two universities—their unique policies, organizational structure, institutional culture, and location within distinct national polities—she makes a powerful case for the idea that technology transfer is dependent on highly variable historical and environmental factors. Breznitz highlights key features to weigh and engage in developing future university and economic development policies that are tailor-made for their contexts.
Handbook of Research on Innovation and Clusters
| Author | : Charlie Karlsson |
| Publisher | : Edward Elgar Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 485 |
| Release | : 2008 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 1848445075 |
'This volume is an important step in furthering the discussion about how cluster strategies work and the implications for theory and policy.' – Jennifer Clark, Review of Regional Studies The role of innovations and clusters has increasingly dominated local and regional development policies in recent decades. This authoritative and accessible Handbook considers important aspects of high-tech clusters, analyses insightful cluster case studies, and provides a number of recommendations for cluster policies. The chapters in this Handbook are written by international experts in the field and present evidence of the scope, effects, and potential of clusters as concentrations of innovative activities. The authors emphasize that cluster development is not the only option for local and regional development and argue that for cluster policies to be worthwhile, supporting policies in fields such as education, R&D, transportation, and communication infrastructure must accompany most cluster policies. Furthermore, several contributions stress that clusters often develop along a life cycle that may end with decline and even the disappearance of clusters. Consequently, this Handbook provides the basis for improving both research on innovation and clusters and the formulation and implementation of cluster policies. Furnishing the reader with rich, comprehensive discussion of innovations and clusters, this Handbook will be an essential source for researchers and academics in the field, as well as policymakers, planners and specialists, development experts and agencies, and consultants.
The Role of Universities in Industrial Cluster Development
| Author | : Evan T. Berryman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 122 |
| Release | : 2019 |
| Genre | : Academic-industrial collaboration |
| ISBN | : |
High-growth industrial clusters can be engines of economic growth through the development of human capital, knowledge spillovers, and early-stage investment. For the past 50 years, Stanford University has been a catalyst in developing Silicon Valley as a global center for technology innovation in the San Francisco Bay Area. Ohio University now has the opportunity to leverage the Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) and Russ Research Center (RRC) to play a similar role in producing an industrial cluster centered around emerging technologies in aerospace and defense in the greater Dayton, Ohio area. A significant gift from noted alumni Fritz and Dolores Russ provided Ohio University with the RRC in Southwest Ohio, and Ohio University's usage of this facility could result in significant financial and social return on investment for the University and the State of Ohio. This work looks to explore the structures and components of industrial clusters, the economy of the greater Dayton region and Ohio University's potential role in the Dayton ecosystem through the RRC. The overall objective is to provide decisionmakers at Ohio University with a comprehensive foundation to facilitate discussion surrounding utilization of the RRC. In 1994, Fritz and Dolores Russ (Ohio '42) presented plans to donate property in Beavercreek, Ohio to Ohio University when current tenants' leases expired. As part of this $124 million gift, which remains the largest donation to any public or private engineering school in the country, Ohio University named the College of Engineering and Technology after the Russ family (Keller, 1996). When Fritz and Dolores passed away in 2006 and 2008, respectively, Ohio University took ownership of the property and renamed it the "Russ Research Center." In addition to the gift, the Russ family's professional legacy carries significant weight. After working at WPAFB, Fritz and Dolores Russ founded a leading electronic and automation corporation called System Research Laboratories (SRL). Through its merger with Arvin Industries in 1987, SRL provided software, artificial intelligence, and laser technology to the United States Government. After exiting SRL, the Russ family retained SRL's physical property and founded the consulting firm Russ Venture Group. The Russ Venture Group leased out SRL offices to portfolio companies. The property originally occupied by SRL and then the Russ Venture Group is the property now referred to as the Russ Research Center. As Ohio University determines its course of action with the Russ Research Center, it is critical that the institution has a strong understanding of cluster development, Dayton's economy, and the potential implications of its decision. Therefore, this work will elaborate on industrial clusters, Dayton and its historical, current and future economy, and the impact of various use cases of the Russ Research Center within the Dayton region. The primary objective of this body of work is to examine the potential outcomes of Russ Research Center use cases for Ohio University. This research should inform discussions among leaders of Ohio University's management team and enhance clarity for the Board of Trustees at Ohio University surrounding debated utility of the land. Dayton's current and historical profile, as well as the potential effects on Ohio University's financial position and industry connections, are important pieces of information that may help influence the course of action for the Russ Research Center and the formation of an industrial cluster in the Dayton region.
A Companion to Border Studies
| Author | : Thomas M. Wilson |
| Publisher | : John Wiley & Sons |
| Total Pages | : 642 |
| Release | : 2016-01-19 |
| Genre | : Social Science |
| ISBN | : 1119111676 |
A Companion to Border Studies A Companion to Border Studies “Taking into consideration all aspects this book has a very important role in the professional literature of border studies.” Cross-Border Review Yearbook of the European Institute “Summing Up: Highly recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above.” Choice “This book, with its interdisciplinary team of authors from many world regions, shows the state of the art in this research field admirably.” Ulf Hannerz, Stockholm University “This volume will be the definitive work on borders and border-related processes for years into the future. The editors have done an outstanding job of identifying key themes, and of assembling influential scholars to address these themes. David Nugent, Emory University “This urgently needed Companion, edited by two leading figures of border studies, reflects past insights and showcases new directions: a must read for understanding territory, power and the state.” Dr. Nick Vaughan-Williams, University of Warwick “This impressive collection will have a broad appeal beyond specialist border studies. Anyone with an interest in the nation-state, nationalism, ethnicity, political geography or, indeed, the whole historical project of the modern world system will want to have access to a copy. The substantive scope is global and the intellectual reach deep and wide. Simply indispensable. ” Richard Jenkins, University of Sheffield Dramatic growth in the number of international borders has coincided in recent years with greater mobility than ever before – of goods, people and ideas. As a result, interest in borders as a focus of academic study has developed into a dynamic, multi-disciplinary field, embracing perspectives from anthropology, development studies, geography, history, political science and sociology. Authors provide a comprehensive examination of key characteristics of borders and frontiers, including cross-border cooperation, security and controls, migration and population displacements, hybridity, and transnationalism. A Companion to Border Studies brings together these disciplines and viewpoints, through the writing of an international collection of preeminent border scholars. Drawing on research from Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Europe and the Americas, the contributors argue that the future of Border Studies lies within such diverse collaborations, which approach comparatively the features of borders worldwide.
Universities, Cities and Regions
| Author | : Roberta Capello |
| Publisher | : Routledge |
| Total Pages | : 402 |
| Release | : 2012-12-07 |
| Genre | : Business & Economics |
| ISBN | : 113622131X |
Regions and cities are the natural loci where knowledge is created, and where it can be easily turned into a commercial product. Regions are territories where, under certain socio-economic conditions, a strong sense of belonging and mutual trust develops the ability to transform information and inventions into innovation and productivity increases, through cooperative or market interaction. Especially in contexts characterised by a plurality of agents — such as cities or industrial districts — knowledge is the result of cooperative learning processes, nourished by spatial proximity, network relations, interaction, creativity and recombination capability. This book explains the logic behind these interactions and cooperative attitudes in regions and cities. One of the most significant channels comes from the presence of a university and its collaboration with firms and scientific research centres. These mutual relations between academic institutions and enterprises are of key importance. The significance of universities in driving economic well being and regional development has been well documented for some time now. Much of the research, however, has centred upon countries in Western Europe and the United States. Increasingly, and since the expansion of the European Union in 2004 in particular, themes of academic entrepreneurship, university-business links, knowledge and innovation have become important on a Europe-wide scale. This book draws together key thinkers from across the continent to analyze the importance of higher educational institutions in fostering development.
From the Ivory Tower to the Market Place? The Changing Role of Knowledge Organisations in Spurring the Development of Biotechnology Clusters in Austria
| Author | : |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : |
| Release | : 2006 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
Over the past two decades, universities have experienced far reaching changes in their tasks and roles. Their main mission is no longer confined to education and research, but increasingly also covers technology transfer and commercialisation activities. The aim of this paper is to examine as to which extent this phenomenon could also be observed in Austria. We differentiate between four key tasks of universities, including their roles as 3antenna4 for receiving external knowledge, source of highly skilled labour, cooperation partner for industry and seedbed for new firm formation. Focusing on the biotechnology sector we will demonstrate that an opening of the ivory tower and a move of Austrian universities towards the market place has occurred. Furthermore, we will show that these changes have been to some extent policy-driven in nature. (author's abstract).
