The Respiratory System In Equations
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| Author | : Bertrand Maury |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 290 |
| Release | : 2013-05-13 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 8847052149 |
This book proposes an introduction to the mathematical modeling of the respiratory system. A detailed introduction on the physiological aspects makes it accessible to a large audience without any prior knowledge on the lung. Different levels of description are proposed, from the lumped models with a small number of parameters (Ordinary Differential Equations), up to infinite dimensional models based on Partial Differential Equations. Besides these two types of differential equations, two chapters are dedicated to resistive networks, and to the way they can be used to investigate the dependence of the resistance of the lung upon geometrical characteristics. The theoretical analysis of the various models is provided, together with state-of-the-art techniques to compute approximate solutions, allowing comparisons with experimental measurements. The book contains several exercises, most of which are accessible to advanced undergraduate students.
| Author | : Roland N. Pittman |
| Publisher | : Biota Publishing |
| Total Pages | : 117 |
| Release | : 2016-08-18 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1615047212 |
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
| Author | : Kazuhiro Yamaguchi |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 291 |
| Release | : 2020-07-31 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 9811555966 |
This book elucidates the morphological backgrounds of various functional parameters of the human respiratory system, including the respiratory control system, dynamics of the upper and lower airways, gas transport and mixing in the lower airways, gas exchange in the acinus, and gas transfer through the alveolar wall. Presenting the latest findings on the interrelationships between morphology and physiology in the respiratory system, the book’s goal is to provide a foundation for further exploring structure-function relationships in various respiratory systems, and to improve both the quality of basic science, and that of clinical medicine targeting the human respiratory system. Edited and written by internationally recognized experts, Structure-Function Relationships in Various Respiratory Systems offers a valuable asset for all physicians and researchers engaging in clinical, physiological, or morphological work in the field of respiration. Moreover, it provides a practical guide for physicians, helping them make more precise pathophysiological decisions concerning patients with various types of lung disease, and will be of interest to respiratory physiologists and respiratory morphologists.
| Author | : Jerry J. Batzel |
| Publisher | : SIAM |
| Total Pages | : 289 |
| Release | : 2007-09-20 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0898717450 |
Cardiovascular and Respiratory Systems: Modeling, Analysis, and Control uses a principle-based modeling approach and analysis of feedback control regulation to elucidate the physiological relationships. Models are arranged around specific questions or conditions, such as exercise or sleep transition, and are generally based on physiological mechanisms rather than on formal descriptions of input-output behavior. The authors ask open questions relevant to medical and clinical applications and clarify underlying themes of physiological control organization. Current problems, key issues, developing trends, and unresolved questions are highlighted. Researchers and graduate students in mathematical biology and biomedical engineering will find this book useful. It will also appeal to researchers in the physiological and life sciences who are interested in mathematical modeling.
| Author | : Edward T. Gilbert-Kawai |
| Publisher | : Cambridge University Press |
| Total Pages | : 219 |
| Release | : 2014-05-08 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1107636604 |
Covers all of the equations that candidates need to understand and be able to apply when sitting postgraduate anaesthetic examinations.
| Author | : Alfred P. Fishman |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 490 |
| Release | : 1985 |
| Genre | : Pulmonary gas exchange |
| ISBN | : 9780683030396 |
| Author | : Ranna A. Rozenfeld |
| Publisher | : McGraw Hill Professional |
| Total Pages | : 513 |
| Release | : 2018-04-20 |
| Genre | : Medical |
| ISBN | : 1259834387 |
An innovative new survival guide for the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) The PICU Handbook is a unique, pocket-sized compilation of the data necessary for residents and fellows to navigate the modern Level 1 and Level 2 pediatric intensive care unit. Enhanced by numerous tables, formulas, algorithms, guidelines, checklists, rapid-sequence medication formularies, troubleshooting guides, and clinical pearls, this is a true must read for all junior clinicians and pediatric critical care nurses. Readers will find wide-ranging coverage of every critical issue they will encounter in the PICU, including airway clearance, respiratory mechanics and respiratory failure, endotracheal intubation, shock, brain death evaluation, and much more. The PICU Handbook is edited by the Associate Medical Director of Children’s Memorial Hospital/Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, and features contributions from current and former pediatric residents and pediatric critical care fellows.
| Author | : Theodore A. Wilson |
| Publisher | : Springer |
| Total Pages | : 72 |
| Release | : 2016-04-21 |
| Genre | : Science |
| ISBN | : 3319305085 |
This book thoroughly covers each subfield of respiratory mechanics: pulmonary mechanics, the respiratory pump, and flow. It presents the current understanding of the field and serves as a guide to the scientific literature from the golden age of respiratory mechanics, 1960 - 2010. Specific topics covered include the contributions of surface tension and tissue forces to lung recoil, the gravitational deformation of the lung, and the interdependence forces that act on pulmonary airways and blood vessels. The geometry and kinematics of the ribs is also covered in detail, as well as the respiratory action of the external and internal intercostal muscles, the mechanics of the diaphragm, and the quantitative compartmental models of the chest wall is also described. Additionally, flow in the airways is covered thoroughly, including the wave-speed and viscous expiratory flow-limiting mechanisms; convection, diffusion and the stationary front; and the distribution of ventilation. This is an ideal book for respiratory physiologists, pneumologists, exercise physiologists, and critical care physicians. This book also: Maximizes reader insights into current and landmark respiratory mechanics researchConcisely yet thoroughly explores the current research on pulmonary mechanics, the respiratory pump, and flow Serves as an invaluable guide for those entering the field, or those seeking to expand their knowledge of it
| Author | : Clara Mihaela Ionescu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 233 |
| Release | : 2013-08-19 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 144715388X |
The Human Respiratory System combines emerging ideas from biology and mathematics to show the reader how to produce models for the development of biomedical engineering applications associated with the lungs and airways. Mathematically mature but in its infancy as far as engineering uses are concerned, fractional calculus is the basis of the methods chosen for system analysis and modelling. This reflects two decades’ worth of conceptual development which is now suitable for bringing to bear in biomedical engineering. The text reveals the latest trends in modelling and identification of human respiratory parameters with a view to developing diagnosis and monitoring technologies. Of special interest is the notion of fractal structure which is indicative of the large-scale biological efficiency of the pulmonary system. The related idea of fractal dimension represents the adaptations in fractal structure caused by environmental factors, notably including disease. These basics are linked to model the dynamical patterns of breathing as a whole. The ideas presented in the book are validated using real data generated from healthy subjects and respiratory patients and rest on non-invasive measurement methods. The Human Respiratory System will be of interest to applied mathematicians studying the modelling of biological systems, to clinicians with interests outside the traditional borders of medicine, and to engineers working with technologies of either direct medical significance or for mitigating changes in the respiratory system caused by, for example, high-altitude or deep-sea environments.
| Author | : Jiyuan Tu |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 383 |
| Release | : 2012-09-18 |
| Genre | : Technology & Engineering |
| ISBN | : 9400744870 |
Traditional research methodologies in the human respiratory system have always been challenging due to their invasive nature. Recent advances in medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have accelerated this research. This book compiles and details recent advances in the modelling of the respiratory system for researchers, engineers, scientists, and health practitioners. It breaks down the complexities of this field and provides both students and scientists with an introduction and starting point to the physiology of the respiratory system, fluid dynamics and advanced CFD modeling tools. In addition to a brief introduction to the physics of the respiratory system and an overview of computational methods, the book contains best-practice guidelines for establishing high-quality computational models and simulations. Inspiration for new simulations can be gained through innovative case studies as well as hands-on practice using pre-made computational code. Last but not least, students and researchers are presented the latest biomedical research activities, and the computational visualizations will enhance their understanding of physiological functions of the respiratory system.
