The Resolution Calculus
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| Author | : Alexander Leitsch |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 307 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 3642606059 |
The History of the Book In August 1992 the author had the opportunity to give a course on resolution theorem proving at the Summer School for Logic, Language, and Information in Essex. The challenge of this course (a total of five two-hour lectures) con sisted in the selection of the topics to be presented. Clearly the first selection has already been made by calling the course "resolution theorem proving" instead of "automated deduction" . In the latter discipline a remarkable body of knowledge has been created during the last 35 years, which hardly can be presented exhaustively, deeply and uniformly at the same time. In this situ ation one has to make a choice between a survey and a detailed presentation with a more limited scope. The author decided for the second alternative, but does not suggest that the other is less valuable. Today resolution is only one among several calculi in computational logic and automated reasoning. How ever, this does not imply that resolution is no longer up to date or its potential exhausted. Indeed the loss of the "monopoly" is compensated by new appli cations and new points of view. It was the purpose of the course mentioned above to present such new developments of resolution theory. Thus besides the traditional topics of completeness of refinements and redundancy, aspects of termination (resolution decision procedures) and of complexity are treated on an equal basis.
| Author | : Hans-Jürgen Bürckert |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 132 |
| Release | : 1991-12-11 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9783540550341 |
This monograph presents foundations for a constrained logic scheme treating constraints as a very general form of restricted quantifiers. The constraints - or quantifier restrictions - are taken from a general constraint system consisting of constraint theory and a set of distinguished constraints. The book provides a calculus for this constrained logic based on a generalization of Robinson's resolution principle. Technically, the unification procedure of the resolution rule is replaced by suitable constraint-solving methods. The calculus is proven sound and complete for the refutation of sets of constrained clauses. Using a new and elegant generalization of the notion ofa ground instance, the proof technique is a straightforward adaptation of the classical proof technique. The author demonstrates that the constrained logic scheme can be instantiated by well-known sorted logics or equational theories and also by extensions of predicate logics with general equational constraints or concept description languages.
| Author | : Christoph Walther |
| Publisher | : |
| Total Pages | : 0 |
| Release | : 2014 |
| Genre | : |
| ISBN | : |
A Many-Sorted Calculus Based on Resolution and Paramodulation emphasizes the utilization of advantages and concepts of many-sorted logic for resolution and paramodulation based automated theorem proving. This book considers some first-order calculus that defines how theorems from given hypotheses by pure syntactic reasoning are obtained, shifting all the semantic and implicit argumentation to the syntactic and explicit level of formal first-order reasoning. This text discusses the efficiency of many-sorted reasoning, formal preliminaries for the RP- and ?RP-calculus, and many-sorted term rewriting and unification. The completeness and soundness of the ?RP-calculus, sort theorem, and automated theorem prover for the ?RP-calculus are also elaborated. This publication is a good source for students and researchers interested in many-sorted calculus.
| Author | : Kees Doets |
| Publisher | : MIT Press |
| Total Pages | : 240 |
| Release | : 1994 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 9780262041423 |
This mathematically oriented introduction to the theory of logic programming presents a systematic exposition of the resolution method for propositional, first-order, and Horn- clause logics, together with an analysis of the semantic aspects of the method. It is through the inference rule of resolution that both proofs and computations can be manipulated on computers, and this book contains elegant versions and proofs of the fundamental theorems and lemmas in the proof theory of logic programming. Advanced topics such as recursive complexity and negation as failure and its semantics are covered, and streamlined setups for SLD- and SLDNF-resolution are described. No other book treats this material in such detail and with such sophistication. Doets provides a novel approach to resolution that is applied to the first-order case and the case of (positive) logic programs. In contrast to the usual approach, the concept of a resolvent is defined nonconstructively, without recourse to the concept of unification, allowing the soundness and completeness proofs to be carried out in a more economic way. Other new material includes computability results dealing with analytical hierarchy, results on infinite derivations and an exposition on general logic programs using 3-valued logic.
| Author | : Ewing Lusk |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 778 |
| Release | : 1988-05-04 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 9783540193432 |
This volume contains the papers presented at the Ninth International Conference on Automated Deduction (CADE-9) held May 23-26 at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois. The conference commemorates the twenty-fifth anniversary of the discovery of the resolution principle, which took place during the summer of 1963. The CADE conferences are a forum for reporting on research on all aspects of automated deduction, including theorem proving, logic programming, unification, deductive databases, term rewriting, ATP for non-standard logics, and program verification. All papers submitted to the conference were refereed by at least two referees, and the program committee accepted the 52 that appear here. Also included in this volume are abstracts of 21 implementations of automated deduction systems.
| Author | : Chin-Liang Chang |
| Publisher | : Academic Press |
| Total Pages | : 349 |
| Release | : 2014-06-28 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0080917283 |
This book contains an introduction to symbolic logic and a thorough discussion of mechanical theorem proving and its applications. The book consists of three major parts. Chapters 2 and 3 constitute an introduction to symbolic logic. Chapters 4-9 introduce several techniques in mechanical theorem proving, and Chapters 10 an 11 show how theorem proving can be applied to various areas such as question answering, problem solving, program analysis, and program synthesis.
| Author | : Jean H. Gallier |
| Publisher | : Courier Dover Publications |
| Total Pages | : 532 |
| Release | : 2015-06-18 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 0486780821 |
This advanced text for undergraduate and graduate students introduces mathematical logic with an emphasis on proof theory and procedures for algorithmic construction of formal proofs. The self-contained treatment is also useful for computer scientists and mathematically inclined readers interested in the formalization of proofs and basics of automatic theorem proving. Topics include propositional logic and its resolution, first-order logic, Gentzen's cut elimination theorem and applications, and Gentzen's sharpened Hauptsatz and Herbrand's theorem. Additional subjects include resolution in first-order logic; SLD-resolution, logic programming, and the foundations of PROLOG; and many-sorted first-order logic. Numerous problems appear throughout the book, and two Appendixes provide practical background information.
| Author | : Mordechai Ben-Ari |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 311 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Computers |
| ISBN | : 1447103351 |
This is a mathematics textbook with theorems and proofs. The choice of topics has been guided by the needs of computer science students. The method of semantic tableaux provides an elegant way to teach logic that is both theoretically sound and yet sufficiently elementary for undergraduates. In order to provide a balanced treatment of logic, tableaux are related to deductive proof systems. The book presents various logical systems and contains exercises. Still further, Prolog source code is available on an accompanying Web site. The author is an Associate Professor at the Department of Science Teaching, Weizmann Institute of Science.
| Author | : André Platzer |
| Publisher | : Springer Nature |
| Total Pages | : 655 |
| Release | : 2021 |
| Genre | : Artificial intelligence |
| ISBN | : 3030798763 |
This open access book constitutes the proceeding of the 28th International Conference on Automated Deduction, CADE 28, held virtually in July 2021. The 29 full papers and 7 system descriptions presented together with 2 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 76 submissions. CADE is the major forum for the presentation of research in all aspects of automated deduction, including foundations, applications, implementations, and practical experience. The papers are organized in the following topics: Logical foundations; theory and principles; implementation and application; ATP and AI; and system descriptions.
| Author | : Melvin Fitting |
| Publisher | : Springer Science & Business Media |
| Total Pages | : 258 |
| Release | : 2012-12-06 |
| Genre | : Mathematics |
| ISBN | : 1468403575 |
There are many kinds of books on formal logic. Some have philosophers as their intended audience, some mathematicians, some computer scientists. Although there is a common core to all such books they will be very dif ferent in emphasis, methods, and even appearance. This book is intended for computer scientists. But even this is not precise. Within computer sci ence formal logic turns up in a number of areas, from program verification to logic programming to artificial intelligence. This book is intended for computer scientists interested in automated theorem proving in classical logic. To be more precise yet, it is essentially a theoretical treatment, not a how-to book, although how-to issues are not neglected. This does not mean, of course, that the book will be of no interest to philosophers or mathematicians. It does contain a thorough presentation of formal logic and many proof techniques, and as such it contains all the material one would expect to find in a course in formal logic covering completeness but not incompleteness issues. The first item to be addressed is, what are we talking about and why are we interested in it. We are primarily talking about truth as used in mathematical discourse, and our interest in it is, or should be, self-evident. Truth is a semantic concept, so we begin with models and their properties. These are used to define our subject.
