The Representation of Discrete Functions by Decision Trees

The Representation of Discrete Functions by Decision Trees
Author: R. C. Gonzalez
Publisher:
Total Pages: 133
Release: 1982
Genre:
ISBN:

As applications of digital systems continue to expand, the need arises for better methods of analysis of functions of discrete variables. Particularly important is the ability to gauge accurately the difficulty of a problem; this leads to measuring a function's complexity. This in turn requires an implementation-independent model of function evaluation, one that also shows the contribution of individual variables to the function's complexity. One such model, called a decision tree, is introduced; it is essentially a sequential evaluation procedure where, at each step, a variable's value is determined and the next action chosen accordingly. Decision trees have been used in switching circuits, data bases, pattern recognition, machine diagnosis, and remote data processing. The activity of a variable, a new concept that measures the contribution of a variable to the complexity of a function, is defined and its relation to decision trees is described. Based upon these results (which can be generalized to recursive functions and hierarchies of relations), a complexity measure is proposed. The use of that measure and of the concept of activity in testing large systems (where a number of variables may be inaccessible) is then examined, with particular emphasis on continuous checking of systems in operation. (Author).

Representations of Discrete Functions

Representations of Discrete Functions
Author: Tsutomu Sasao
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 344
Release: 2012-12-06
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1461313856

Representations of Discrete Functions is an edited volume containing 13 chapter contributions from leading researchers with a focus on the latest research results. The first three chapters are introductions and contain many illustrations to clarify concepts presented in the text. It is recommended that these chapters are read first. The book then deals with the following topics: binary decision diagrams (BDDs), multi-terminal binary decision diagrams (MTBDDs), edge-valued binary decision diagrams (EVBDDs), functional decision diagrams (FDDs), Kronecker decision diagrams (KDDs), binary moment diagrams (BMDs), spectral transform decision diagrams (STDDs), ternary decision diagrams (TDDs), spectral transformation of logic functions, other transformations oflogic functions, EXOR-based two-level expressions, FPRM minimization with TDDs and MTBDDs, complexity theories on FDDs, multi-level logic synthesis, and complexity of three-level logic networks. Representations of Discrete Functions is designed for CAD researchers and engineers and will also be of interest to computer scientists who are interested in combinatorial problems. Exercises prepared by the editors help make this book useful as a graduate level textbook.

Average Time Complexity of Decision Trees

Average Time Complexity of Decision Trees
Author: Igor Chikalov
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 108
Release: 2011-08-04
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3642226612

Decision tree is a widely used form of representing algorithms and knowledge. Compact data models and fast algorithms require optimization of tree complexity. This book is a research monograph on average time complexity of decision trees. It generalizes several known results and considers a number of new problems. The book contains exact and approximate algorithms for decision tree optimization, and bounds on minimum average time complexity of decision trees. Methods of combinatorics, probability theory and complexity theory are used in the proofs as well as concepts from various branches of discrete mathematics and computer science. The considered applications include the study of average depth of decision trees for Boolean functions from closed classes, the comparison of results of the performance of greedy heuristics for average depth minimization with optimal decision trees constructed by dynamic programming algorithm, and optimization of decision trees for the corner point recognition problem from computer vision. The book can be interesting for researchers working on time complexity of algorithms and specialists in test theory, rough set theory, logical analysis of data and machine learning.

Artificial Intelligence for 6G

Artificial Intelligence for 6G
Author: Haesik Kim
Publisher: Springer Nature
Total Pages: 534
Release: 2022-03-29
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 3030950417

This textbook introduces Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques for wireless communications and networks, helping readers to find solutions for communications and network problems using AI. Artificial Intelligence for 6G introduces, in a step-by-step manner, AI techniques such as: unsupervised learning; supervised learning; reinforcement learning; and deep learning. It explains how these techniques can be used for wireless communications and network systems, particularly in designing and optimizing 6G networks. This book is at the forefront of 6G research, and will be of interest internationally, to graduate students, academics, engineers, and developers who are focused on future development of network systems and mobile communications.

Fourier Analysis on Finite Groups with Applications in Signal Processing and System Design

Fourier Analysis on Finite Groups with Applications in Signal Processing and System Design
Author: Radomir S. Stankovic
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 230
Release: 2005-08-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 0471745421

Discover applications of Fourier analysis on finite non-Abeliangroups The majority of publications in spectral techniques considerFourier transform on Abelian groups. However, non-Abelian groupsprovide notable advantages in efficient implementations of spectralmethods. Fourier Analysis on Finite Groups with Applications in SignalProcessing and System Design examines aspects of Fourieranalysis on finite non-Abelian groups and discusses differentmethods used to determine compact representations for discretefunctions providing for their efficient realizations and relatedapplications. Switching functions are included as an example ofdiscrete functions in engineering practice. Additionally,consideration is given to the polynomial expressions and decisiondiagrams defined in terms of Fourier transform on finitenon-Abelian groups. A solid foundation of this complex topic is provided bybeginning with a review of signals and their mathematical modelsand Fourier analysis. Next, the book examines recent achievementsand discoveries in: Matrix interpretation of the fast Fourier transform Optimization of decision diagrams Functional expressions on quaternion groups Gibbs derivatives on finite groups Linear systems on finite non-Abelian groups Hilbert transform on finite groups Among the highlights is an in-depth coverage of applications ofabstract harmonic analysis on finite non-Abelian groups in compactrepresentations of discrete functions and related tasks in signalprocessing and system design, including logic design. All chaptersare self-contained, each with a list of references to facilitatethe development of specialized courses or self-study. With nearly 100 illustrative figures and fifty tables, this isan excellent textbook for graduate-level students and researchersin signal processing, logic design, and system theory-as well asthe more general topics of computer science and appliedmathematics.

Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook

Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook
Author: Svetlana N. Yanushkevich
Publisher: CRC Press
Total Pages: 952
Release: 2018-10-03
Genre: Technology & Engineering
ISBN: 1420037587

Decision diagram (DD) techniques are very popular in the electronic design automation (EDA) of integrated circuits, and for good reason. They can accurately simulate logic design, can show where to make reductions in complexity, and can be easily modified to model different scenarios. Presenting DD techniques from an applied perspective, Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date collection of DD techniques. Experts with more than forty years of combined experience in both industrial and academic settings demonstrate how to apply the techniques to full advantage with more than 400 examples and illustrations. Beginning with the fundamental theory, data structures, and logic underlying DD techniques, they explore a breadth of topics from arithmetic and word-level representations to spectral techniques and event-driven analysis. The book also includes abundant references to more detailed information and additional applications. Decision Diagram Techniques for Micro- and Nanoelectronic Design Handbook collects the theory, methods, and practical knowledge necessary to design more advanced circuits and places it at your fingertips in a single, concise reference.

Spectral Interpretation of Decision Diagrams

Spectral Interpretation of Decision Diagrams
Author: Radomir Stankovic
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 297
Release: 2006-04-28
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0387217347

Anyone who can interpret decision diagrams using the spectral approach can advance both the utility and understanding of classical DD techniques. This approach also provides a framework for developing advanced solutions for digital design and a host of other applications. Scientists, computer science and engineering professionals, and researchers with an interest in the spectral methods of representing discrete functions, as well as the foundations of logic design, will find the book a clearly explained, well-organized, and essential resource.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author:
Publisher:
Total Pages: 1282
Release: 1982
Genre: Aeronautics
ISBN:

Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Spectral Logic and Its Applications for the Design of Digital Devices

Spectral Logic and Its Applications for the Design of Digital Devices
Author: Mark G. Karpovsky
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 642
Release: 2008-07-14
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 047028921X

Spectral techniques facilitate the design and testing of today's increasingly complex digital devices There is heightened interest in spectral techniques for the design of digital devices dictated by ever increasing demands on technology that often cannot be met by classical approaches. Spectral methods provide a uniform and consistent theoretic environment for recent achievements in this area, which appear divergent in many other approaches. Spectral Logic and Its Applications for the Design of Digital Devices gives readers a foundation for further exploration of abstract harmonic analysis over finite groups in the analysis, design, and testing of digital devices. After an introduction, this book provides the essential mathematical background for discussing spectral methods. It then delves into spectral logic and its applications, covering: * Walsh, Haar, arithmetic transform, Reed-Muller transform for binary-valued functions and Vilenkin-Chrestenson transform, generalized Haar, and other related transforms for multiple-valued functions * Polynomial expressions and decision diagram representations for switching and multiple-value functions * Spectral analysis of Boolean functions * Spectral synthesis and optimization of combinational and sequential devices * Spectral methods in analysis and synthesis of reliable devices * Spectral techniques for testing computer hardware This is the authoritative reference for computer science and engineering professionals and researchers with an interest in spectral methods of representing discrete functions and related applications in the design and testing of digital devices. It is also an excellent text for graduate students in courses covering spectral logic and its applications.