Gender, Magic, and Moral Authority in Latin American and Russian Magical Realism

Gender, Magic, and Moral Authority in Latin American and Russian Magical Realism
Author: Stephanie Luna Padilla
Publisher:
Total Pages: 91
Release: 2011
Genre:
ISBN:

This study investigates the intersection of gender, magic, and moral authority in three magical realist novels, namely Soviet author Mikhail Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita, Columbian writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude, and Chilean novelist Isabel Allende's The House of the Spirits. It appraises the literary criticism that has been produced about each novel, and assumptions inherent in the criticism. This study thus investigates not only the intersection of gender, magic, and moral authority in each novel, but also critiques the arguments produced by literary critics. The analysis contained in this study differs fundamentally from much criticism produced in the past in that it seeks to examine these magical realist novels from the perspective of an ethic of care, traditionally coded as feminine, and with the assumption that the feminine realm is not inherently inferior to the masculine. This thesis accordingly attempts to reinvestigate appraisals of the moral worth of characters within each novel by arguing that it is impossible to do so correctly unless it is via the feminine ethic of care, rather than the more commonly used masculine ethic of justice. Ultimately, it concludes that Bulgakov, Garcia Marquez, and Allende are not advocating that women reject the feminine realm entirely, that such a sacrifice is necessary, but that they are instead advocating that women bring the values and morality of the feminine realm with them into the public, thereby transforming and improving it. They are advocating, thus, that the feminine realm be united with the masculine. The first novel examined in depth is The Master and Margarita. Criticism of the text typically identifies Yeshua, the character who is based on Jesus Christ and is thus closely associated with the masculine realm and the masculine ethic of justice, as the moral center of the novel. The present thesis asserts, in contrast, that the moral center is Margarita Nikolaevna, who is closely associated with the feminine realm and who operates via the ethic of care. Next, this study holds that criticism of Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of Solitude has been erroneous in its affirmations that the novel is misogynistic to its core. Garcia Marquez, this thesis maintains, judges the moral worth of his characters via the ethic of care, via the importance they place on relationships, care, and connection, and greatly values the feminine realm. Thus, his novel is a fundamentally feminist one. Last to be examined is Allende's The House of the Spirits. Clara Trueba has generally been marginalized, like Margarita and Ursula, because she embraces the feminine realm and operates via the ethic of justice, while her granddaughter Alba Trueba, who critics erroneously maintain rejects the feminine realm and takes her place within the masculine, has received a great deal of critical attention and approbation. This thesis rereads The House of the Spirits by placing Clara once more at the heart of the novel, and by pointing out that Alba does not at all reject the feminine realm. This thesis thus strives to arrive at a fairer appraisal of the female and male characters in each novel and to question criticism of magical realist texts that have led to misunderstandings of these texts on the most fundamental level.

Magical Realism

Magical Realism
Author: Esperanza Granados
Publisher:
Total Pages: 160
Release: 1986
Genre: American literature
ISBN:

Allegories of Transgression and Transformation

Allegories of Transgression and Transformation
Author: Mary Beth Tierney-Tello
Publisher: State University of New York Press
Total Pages: 304
Release: 1996-07-03
Genre: Social Science
ISBN: 1438422156

At the nexus of politics and sexuality, Allegories of Transgression and Transformation examines how women's writing produced in the wake of authoritarian regimes in several South American countries simultaneously challenges both the effects of dictatorship and restrictive gender codes. The author examines the experimental fictions of four contemporary Latin American writers: Diamela Eltit of Chile, Nelida Pinon of Brazil, Reina Roffe of Argentina, and Cristina Peri Rossi of Uruguay. Tierney-Tello begins her study by exploring the particular relationships among authoritarian political oppression, restrictive gender codes, and the practice of writing. Then, through close readings that draw on feminist, psychoanalytic, and socio-political literary theories, she shows how each of the selected narratives illustrates different aspects of the effects of dictatorship, while also striving to develop new means of articulating gender and feminine sexuality. Throughout, Allegories of Transgression and Transformation suggests how the use of allegory allows these texts to question socio-political, genderic, and textual forms of authority and to trace an/other story.

Other Fires

Other Fires
Author: Alberto Manguel
Publisher: Lester & Orpen Dennys
Total Pages: 248
Release: 1986
Genre: Fiction
ISBN:

Reconsidering speculative fiction and the power of storytelling in Latin America

Reconsidering speculative fiction and the power of storytelling in Latin America
Author: José Manuel Medrano
Publisher:
Total Pages: 221
Release: 2018
Genre: Colombian fiction
ISBN: 9780438430556

This project explores what I have categorized as "speculative fiction" in Latin America. I consider all fiction related to irrational or inexplicable events within the framework of "speculative/fantastic fiction." In short, I propose that the most appropriate term for all the narrative analyzed in this Dissertation should be "speculative fiction." In the first chapter, I analyze a series of narrative texts inside and outside of Colombia and Mexico that have multiple Modernist attributes, and it is precisely their Modernist characteristics (the unrealistic) that construct their fantastic content. I trust that this proposal - to see correspondences between Modernist Fiction and the fantastic - is one of the most original ideas of this project. In the second chapter, I analyze a very similar phenomenon in Colombia. Starting from the literary father of the Modernist novel in Colombia, José Félix Fuenmayor and ending with Philip Potdevin, I examine texts that contain numerous characteristics of the speculative/fantastic. In the third chapter, I analyze a series of texts from the Mexican avant-garde of the twenties that can be considered speculative/fantastic. I note the parallels between the first attempts to write a Modernist narrative during the avant-garde period and the fact that it is also the time in which we are seeing the first efforts to write a narrative of speculative/fantastic nature. These factors contribute to my basic approach that the Modernist novel and the speculative/fantastic novel are a noteworthy parallel. In the conclusion, I address my main interest of storytelling. Brian Boyd, Jonathan Gottschall and other scientists, such as Michael Kosfeld and Markus Heinrichs, who have studied storytelling propose that storytelling, from the first homo sapiens, has not only been important in cultural terms, but also in biological evolution. Our bodies - and especially the brain - need stories. This project proposes that it is productive and healthy to tell stories, especially those that deal with movement. For example, scientists have proven that the movement (physical or spiritually) has allowed the brain to evolve. By telling stories, we reproduce our primordial need for movement. When reading stories, of course, we are immobile, but the act of reading stories and narratives allows us to recreate that primordial need for movement. Some very recent post-Boyd scientists have shown that telling stories produces certain chemicals in the brain, such as the hormone oxytocin. This hormone produces a feeling of well-being when produced by the brain. Scientists have also shown that the brain does not distinguish between real physical movement and reading a story in which we have the cerebral sensation of moving.