The Politics of Fiscal Responsibility

The Politics of Fiscal Responsibility
Author: Tonya E. Thornton
Publisher: Westphalia Press
Total Pages: 166
Release: 2021-01-05
Genre:
ISBN: 9781637238073

Fiscal policy challenges following the Great Recession forced members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) to implement a set of economic policies to manage public debt. Most actions centered on major spending cuts and increasing taxes in an attempt to manage political and social fallout. Governments put fiscal austerity measures in place when their debt is so large that the inability to honor required service payments or the risk of total default to obligations becomes a significant possibility. Accountability is an iconic concept in public management, offering symbolic responsibility and reassurance. It is part of an ethical principal of transparency situated in administrative accountability. The resilience of national economies worldwide ultimately requires a balance between near-term growth and longer-term fiscal consolidation. Still, the reality of social stressors raises questions for politically sustainability. As the OECD member nations emerged from the fiscal fall out in 2008, question about whether democratic countries can take pro-active leadership before a crisis forces their hand emerged. This book is a collection of country chapters detailing their austerity response to such an interconnected and punctuating event. Tonya E. Thornton, PhD, is a Principal with and Founder of Delta Point Solutions, LLC, an interdisciplinary, social, policy, and administrative sciences consulting firm with expertise in community resiliency, emergency management, and public safety. She is also a subject matter expert in critical infrastructure for the U.S. Department of Defense. Dr. Thornton's work has been published in numerous peer-reviewed journals, and she is the editor of Managing Challenges for the Flint Water Crisis (2021). F. Stevens Redburn, PhD, is a lecturer, budget advisor, and expert authority on financial management, government performance, and public policy with over 25 years of experience as a senior government official in the U.S. Office of Management and Budget and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. As a participant in deliberations of the National Budgeting Roundtable since 2014, he has helped lead research on reform of the federal government's budget process. Internationally, he has consulted on budget processes World Bank and for the International Monetary Fund.

Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis

Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis
Author: Alberto Alesina
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Total Pages: 596
Release: 2013-06-25
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 022601844X

The recent recession has brought fiscal policy back to the forefront, with economists and policy makers struggling to reach a consensus on highly political issues like tax rates and government spending. At the heart of the debate are fiscal multipliers, whose size and sensitivity determine the power of such policies to influence economic growth. Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis focuses on the effects of fiscal stimuli and increased government spending, with contributions that consider the measurement of the multiplier effect and its size. In the face of uncertainty over the sustainability of recent economic policies, further contributions to this volume discuss the merits of alternate means of debt reduction through decreased government spending or increased taxes. A final section examines how the short-term political forces driving fiscal policy might be balanced with aspects of the long-term planning governing monetary policy. A direct intervention in timely debates, Fiscal Policy after the Financial Crisis offers invaluable insights about various responses to the recent financial crisis.

Promoting Fiscal Discipline

Promoting Fiscal Discipline
Author: Mr.Manmohan S. Kumar
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Total Pages: 144
Release: 2007-10-18
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 158906609X

Fiscal discipline is essential to improve and sustain economic performance, maintain macroeconomic stability, and reduce vulnerabilities. Discipline is especially important if countries, industrial as well as developing, are to successfully meet the challenges, and reap the benefits, of economic and financial globalization. Lack of fiscal discipline generally stems from the injudicious use of policy discretion. The benefits of discretion are seen in terms of the ability of policymakers to respond to unexpected shocks and in allowing elected political representatives to fulfill their mandates. But discretion can be misused, resulting in persistent deficits and procyclical policies, rising debt levels, and, over time, a loss in policy credibility. The authors first explore the role of discretion in fiscal policy, and the extent, consequences, and causes of procyclicality, particularly in good times. They then examine how a variety of institutional approaches—fiscal rules, fiscal responsibility laws, and fiscal agencies—can help improve fiscal discipline. While each of these approaches can play a useful role, the authors suggest that a strategy combining them is likely to be particularly beneficial. Although such a strategy requires political commitment and effective fiscal management, at the same time, the strategy itself can bolster political commitment by highlighting the restraints on government and raising the costs of failing to respect them.

Deficits, Debt, and Democracy

Deficits, Debt, and Democracy
Author: Richard E. Wagner
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Total Pages: 209
Release: 2012-01-01
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 0857934600

This timely book reveals that the budget deficits and accumulating debts that plague modern democracies reflect a clash between two rationalities of governance: one of private property and one of common property. The clashing of these rationalities at various places in society creates forms of societal tectonics that play out through budgeting. The book demonstrates that while this clash is an inherent feature of democratic political economy, it can nonetheless be limited through embracing once again a constitution of liberty. Not all commons settings have tragic outcomes, of course, but tragic outcomes loom large in democratic processes because they entail conflict between two very different forms of substantive rationality; the political and market rationalities. These are both orders that contain interactions among participants, but the institutional frameworks that govern those interactions differ, generating democratic budgetary tragedies. Those tragedies, moreover, are inherent in the conflict between the different rationalities and so cannot be eliminated. They can, as this book argues, be reduced by restoring a constitution of liberty in place of the constitution of control that has taken shape throughout the west over the past century. Economists interested in public finance, public policy and political economy along with scholars of political science, public administration, law and political philosophy will find this book intriguing.

Fiscal responsibility in constitutional democracy

Fiscal responsibility in constitutional democracy
Author: James M. Buchanan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Total Pages: 187
Release: 2013-03-13
Genre: Business & Economics
ISBN: 1468471252

This volume contains the papers, along with the discussant's re marks, presented at a conference on 'Federal Fiscal Responsibility', held at The Homestead, Hot Springs, Virginia, on 26-27 March 1976. Additionally, we, the editors, have included an introductory essay which sets forth some of our background thoughts that in formed our organization of the conference and which also de scribes some of our reactions to the conference. This conference was sponsored by the Liberty Fund, Inc. of Indianapolis, Indiana, which incorporated this conference into its overall program directed toward the study of the ideals of a free society of responsible individuals. Related to this effort, the Liberty Fund also assisted in supporting research on Democracy in Deficit: The Political Legacy of Lord Keynes, by James M. Buchanan and Richard E. Wagner (New York: Academic Press, 1977). Both Democracy in Deficit and the conference were de signed to examine one important aspect of the Liberty Fund's general set of concerns, namely the' way in which political con siderations influence the macroeconomic aspects of budgetary policy, thereby, in turn, influencing the future of American liberty and prosperity. We are most grateful to the Liberty Fund for their efforts, and we are pleased that Enid Goodrich, William Fletcher, Neil McLeod, and Helen Schultz of the Liberty Fund were able to attend the conference.

Balanced Budgets, Fiscal Responsibility, and The Constitution

Balanced Budgets, Fiscal Responsibility, and The Constitution
Author: Richard Wagner
Publisher: Cato Institute
Total Pages: 69
Release: 1980-01-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1935308610

In this monograph, Professors Wagner and Tollison examine the important question of whether the United States should adopt a constitutional amendment requiring the government to balance its budget. Arguing that the government should be explicit and responsible about how much it spends and how it spends it, they determine that the balanced budget idea is fiscally sound and democratically necessary.

America's Fiscal Constitution

America's Fiscal Constitution
Author: Bill White
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Total Pages: 577
Release: 2014-04-01
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 1610393449

What would Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Lincoln, the Roosevelts, Truman, and Eisenhower have done about today's federal debt crisis? America's Fiscal Constitution tells the remarkable story of fiscal heroes who imposed clear limits on the use of federal debt, limits that for two centuries were part of an unwritten constitution. Those national leaders borrowed only for extraordinary purposes and relied on well-defined budget practices to balance federal spending and revenues. That traditional fiscal constitution collapsed in 2001. Afterward -- for the first time in history -- federal elected officials cut taxes during war, funded permanent new programs entirely with debt, grew dependent on foreign creditors, and claimed that the economy could not thrive without routine federal borrowing. For most of the nation's history, conservatives fought to restrain the growth of government by insisting that new programs be paid for with taxation, while progressives sought to preserve opportunities for people on the way up by balancing budgets. Virtually all mainstream politicians recognized that excessive debt could jeopardize private investment and national independence. With original scholarship and the benefit of experience in finance and public service, Bill White dispels common budget myths and distills practical lessons from the nation's five previous spikes in debt. America's Fiscal Constitution offers an objective and hopeful guide for people trying to make sense of the nation's current, most severe, debt crisis and its impact on their lives and our future.

The Moment of Truth the Report of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform

The Moment of Truth the Report of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform
Author: United States Government Debt Commission
Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub
Total Pages: 66
Release: 2012-03-26
Genre: Political Science
ISBN: 9781470067038

Painstakingly edited for an optimum eBook reading experience, including an active table of contents, this is the report of the Debt Commission of the United States Government. President Barack Obama commissioned a bipartisan panel to investigate the staggering National Debt and annual deficit of the United States Federal Government. The terrifying findings of that commission were published in this report in December 2010. It is titled "The Moment of Truth." Throughout our nation's history, Americans have found the courage to do right by our children's future. Deep down, every American knows we face a moment of truth once again. We cannot play games or put off hard choices any longer. Without regard to party, we have a patriotic duty to keep the promise of America to give our children and grandchildren a better life. Our challenge is clear and inescapable: America cannot be great if we go broke. Our businesses will not be able to grow and create jobs, and our workers will not be able to compete successfully for the jobs of the future without a plan to get this crushing debt burden off our backs. Ever since the economic downturn, families across the country have huddled around kitchen tables, making tough choices about what they hold most dear and what they can learn to live without. They expect and deserve their leaders to do the same. The American people are counting on us to put politics aside, pull together not pull apart, and agree on a plan to live within our means and make America strong for the long haul. As members of the National Commission on Fiscal Responsibility and Reform, we spent the past eight months studying the same cold, hard facts. Together, we have reached these unavoidable conclusions: The problem is real. The solution will be painful. There is no easy way out. Everything must be on the table. And Washington must lead. We come from different backgrounds, represent different regions, and belong to different parties, but we share a common belief that America's long-term fiscal gap is unsustainable and, if left unchecked, will see our children and grandchildren living in a poorer, weaker nation. In the words of Senator Tom Coburn, "We keep kicking the can down the road, and splashing the soup all over our grandchildren." Every modest sacrifice we refuse to make today only forces far greater sacrifices of hope and opportunity upon the next generation. Over the course of our deliberations, the urgency of our mission has become all the more apparent. The contagion of debt that began in Greece and continues to sweep through Europe shows us clearly that no economy will be immune. If the U.S. does not put its house in order, the reckoning will be sure and the devastation severe. The President and the leaders of both parties in both chambers of Congress asked us to address the nation's fiscal challenges in this decade and beyond. We have worked to offer an aggressive, fair, balanced, and bipartisan proposal - a proposal as serious as the problems we face. None of us likes every element of our plan, and each of us had to tolerate provisions we previously or presently oppose in order to reach a principled compromise. We were willing to put our differences aside to forge a plan because our nation will certainly be lost without one. We do not pretend to have all the answers. We offer our plan as the starting point for a serious national conversation in which every citizen has an interest and all should have a say. Our leaders have a responsibility to level with Americans about the choices we face, and to enlist the ingenuity and determination of the American people in rising to the challenge. We believe neither party can fix this problem on its own, and both parties have a responsibility to do their part. The American people are a long way ahead of the political system in recognizing that now is the time to act.