Expected Experiences

Expected Experiences
Author: Tony Cheng
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 314
Release: 2023-12-29
Genre: Philosophy
ISBN: 1003827837

This book brings together perspectives on predictive processing and expected experience. It features contributions from an interdisciplinary group of authors specializing in philosophy, psychology, cognitive science, and neuroscience. Predictive processing, or predictive coding, is the theory that the brain constantly minimizes the error of its predictions based on the sensory input it receives from the world. This process of prediction error minimization has numerous implications for different forms of conscious and perceptual experience. The chapters in this volume explore these implications and various phenomena related to them. The contributors tackle issues related to precision estimation, sensory prediction, probabilistic perception, and attention, as well as the role predictive processing plays in emotion, action, psychotic experience, anosognosia, and gut complex. Expected Experiences will be of interest to scholars and advanced students in philosophy, psychology, and cognitive science working on issues related to predictive processing and coding.

Principles of Cognition

Principles of Cognition
Author: Eduardo Mercado III
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Total Pages: 592
Release: 2024-08-20
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0691271070

A comprehensive overview of what psychologists now know about the nature of cognition Principles of Cognition provides students with an invaluable introduction to the modern science of cognition, blending invaluable insights from behavioral and neuroscientific studies of humans and other animals with unique examples, cutting-edge research summaries, and real-world applications. This accessible textbook builds on the legacy of psychologist William James by emphasizing not only the form cognition takes in laboratory research but also the functional dynamics of cognitive processes in everyday life and the ways they vary across individuals and species. Using an integrative approach that highlights the relevance of cognition across psychological disciplines, it engages students by showing how cognition emerges over time, how cognitive abilities can be improved, and how thinking can be upended by something as simple as falling in love. Discusses topics in cognition rarely covered by other textbooks, including perception of time and space, consciousness, animal cognition, mathematical and reading skills, emotions, intelligence, generalization, and social cognition Emphasizes learning and its interactions with memory and cognition Features practical applications from cognitive research in every chapter Connects topics across chapters to promote retention and critical thinking Draws on the latest experimental, naturalistic, and applied research Integrates findings about animals and children with traditional studies of adults to develop a more neurally grounded framework for thinking about the mechanisms of cognition An ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate classrooms

Performing Time

Performing Time
Author: Clemens Wöllner
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Total Pages: 433
Release: 2023-06-20
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 0192650033

Music and dance can change our sense of time. Both rely on synchronizing our attention and actions with sounds and with other people, both involve memory and expectation, and both can give rise to experiences of flow and pleasure. Performing Time explores our experience of time in dance and music, from the perspectives of performers and audiences, and informed by the most recent research in dance science, musicology, neuroscience, and psychology. It includes discussions of tempo and pacing, coordination and synchrony, the performer's experience of time, audiences' temporal expectations, the effect of extreme slowness, and our individual versus collective senses of time. At its core, the book addresses how time and temporality in music and dance relate to current psychological and neuroscientific theories as well as to the aesthetic aims of composers, choreographers and performers. Bringing together new research on rhythm, time and temporality in both music and dance in one volume, the book contains overview chapters on the state of the art from leading researchers on topics ranging from the psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy of musical time to embodied timing in dance. In addition, numerous case studies regarding our temporal experience of music and dance are provided in shorter focus chapters, with their implications for further scientific study and artistic enquiry. Performing Time is an invaluable and comprehensive resource for students, researchers, educators, and artists alike, and for any reader interested in how the performing arts construct and play with time in our minds and bodies. Some chapters in this title are open access and available under the terms of a [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International] licence.

Multisensory Experiences

Multisensory Experiences
Author: Carlos Velasco
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Total Pages: 113
Release: 2020
Genre: Computers
ISBN: 0198849621

Multisensory Experiences: Where the senses meet technology takes you on a journey that goes from the fundamentals of multisensory experiences, through the relationship between the senses and technology, to what the future of those experiences may look like, and our responsibility in it.

Understanding Autism and Autistic Functioning

Understanding Autism and Autistic Functioning
Author: Laura Villa
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Total Pages: 160
Release: 2024-09-09
Genre: Education
ISBN: 1040120466

This concise volume offers an accessible overview of recent clinical and research perspectives addressing autism and autistic functioning. By providing an innovative lens, the book benefits from two different angles: a concrete and pragmatical view of an expert clinician with three decades of practice in diagnosis and treatment of autism, and a more “speculative” and “long-term” view of a researcher who works on neural and computational architecture of (a)typical neurocognitive functioning. Trying to understand autism beyond its behavioral symptoms, the book spans from clinical descriptions (e.g., communicating diagnosis, clinical intervention, and prognosis) to recent neuroscientific evidence supporting a potential perspective-shift. The fil rouge of this volume can be summarized in three fundamental aspects that should orient any clinical practice in the context of autism (e.g., diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, etc.): we need an age-dependent, context-dependent, and functioning-dependent approach. Understanding Autism and Autistic Functioning is crucial reading for parents and caregivers, and professionals in health, education, and social care.

Dental Neuroimaging

Dental Neuroimaging
Author: Chia-shu Lin
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Total Pages: 324
Release: 2022-03-14
Genre: Medical
ISBN: 1119724201

DENTAL NEUROIMAGING Provides the latest neuroimaging-based evidence on the brain mechanisms of oral functions Dental Neuroimaging: The Role of the Brain in Oral Functions provides an up-to-date overview of neuroimaging research on the neural mechanisms underlying mastication, swallowing, sensory processing, and other oral topics. Divided into three parts, the book first introduces the theoretical framework of the brain-stomatognathic axis, clinical assessments for oral function, and neuroimaging methods. The second part presents recent neuroimaging findings of oral sensory and motor functions such as somatosensation, gustation, and orofacial pain and anxiety. The book concludes with a review of recent translational research and discussion of the application of neuroimaging in clinical management. Throughout the text, boxed sections highlight key information about cognitive neuroscience, imaging techniques, interpreting neuroimaging results, and relating research findings to clinical practice. Covers specific clinical applications of dental neuroimaging in geriatric dentistry and in brain plasticity and adaptation Summarizes classic research works in neuroscience and oral science Discusses potential clinical applications of neuroimaging in dental practice Features chapter summaries, further reading links, guided clinical scenarios, and numerous figures and tables Offering a systematic introduction to brain science and how it relates to dental medicine, Dental Neuroimaging: The Role of the Brain in Oral Functions is essential reading for students and researchers in disciplines such as neuroscience, neuroanatomy, oral physiology, dentistry and oral healthcare, speech therapy, and oral rehabilitation.

Bio A.I. - From Embodied Cognition to Enactive Robotics

Bio A.I. - From Embodied Cognition to Enactive Robotics
Author: Adam Safron
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Total Pages: 392
Release: 2023-12-08
Genre: Science
ISBN: 2832536166

Even before the deep learning revolution, the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) was already changing drastically in the 90s. Embodied intelligence, it was proposed, must play a crucial role in the design of intelligent machines. This new wave was inspired by what is today known as Embodied and Enactive Cognitive Science or E-Cognition, which considers that cognitive activity does not reduce to the intellectual capacities of agents being able to represent their environments. E-cognition set AI and robotics in a new direction, in which intelligent machines are required to interact with the environment, and where this interaction does not reduce to explicit representations or prespecified algorithms. These ideas revolutionized the way we think about intelligent machines and cognition, but these theoretical advances are only partially reflected in modern approaches to AI and machine learning (ML). Despite deeply impressive achievements, AI/ML still struggles to recapitulate the kinds of intelligence we find in natural systems, whether we are considering individual insects (e.g. simultaneous localization and mapping), or swarm behaviour (e.g. forum sensing and ensemble inferences), and especially the kinds of flexibility and high-level reasoning characteristic of human cognition.

The Paradoxical Brain

The Paradoxical Brain
Author: Narinder Kapur
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Total Pages: 489
Release: 2011-07-21
Genre: Psychology
ISBN: 1139495798

The Paradoxical Brain focuses on a range of phenomena in clinical and cognitive neuroscience that are counterintuitive and go against the grain of established thinking. The book covers a wide range of topics by leading researchers, including: • Superior performance after brain lesions or sensory loss • Return to normal function after a second brain lesion in neurological conditions • Paradoxical phenomena associated with human development • Examples where having one disease appears to prevent the occurrence of another disease • Situations where drugs with adverse effects on brain functioning may have beneficial effects in certain situations A better understanding of these interactions will lead to a better understanding of brain function and to the introduction of new therapeutic strategies. The book will be of interest to those working at the interface of brain and behaviour, including neuropsychologists, neurologists, psychiatrists and neuroscientists.