The Moral Point Of View
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The Second-Person Standpoint
Author | : Stephen Darwall |
Publisher | : Harvard University Press |
Total Pages | : 363 |
Release | : 2009-09-30 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0674034627 |
Why should we avoid doing moral wrong? The inability of philosophy to answer this question in a compelling manner—along with the moral skepticism and ethical confusion that ensue—result, Stephen Darwall argues, from our failure to appreciate the essentially interpersonal character of moral obligation. After showing how attempts to vindicate morality have tended to change the subject—falling back on non-moral values or practical, first-person considerations—Darwall elaborates the interpersonal nature of moral obligations: their inherent link to our responsibilities to one another as members of the moral community. As Darwall defines it, the concept of moral obligation has an irreducibly second-person aspect; it presupposes our authority to make claims and demands on one another. And so too do many other central notions, including those of rights, the dignity of and respect for persons, and the very concept of person itself. The result is nothing less than a fundamental reorientation of moral theory that enables it at last to account for morality’s supreme authority—an account that Darwall carries from the realm of theory to the practical world of second-person attitudes, emotions, and actions.
The Point of View of the Universe
Author | : Katarzyna de Lazari-Radek |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 433 |
Release | : 2014 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0199603693 |
Tests the views and metaphor of 19th-century utilitarian philosopher Henry Sidgwick against a variety of contemporary views on ethics, determining that they are defensible and thus providing a defense of objectivism in ethics and of hedonistic utilitarianism.
The Definition of Morality
Author | : G. Wallace |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 325 |
Release | : 2020-07-20 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1000078272 |
Originally published in 1970, the papers in this volume discuss the essential and defining characteristics of morality and moral issues and examine how moral views differ from political views, moral beliefs from religious beliefs, and moral judgements from aesthetic judgements. Some of the chapters discuss problems of method and shed light on the complex conditions which any successful definition of morality must satisfy. Taken collectively, these papers reflect he wide variety of approaches adopted by contemporary philosophers.
Metaethics from a First Person Standpoint
Author | : Catherine Wilson |
Publisher | : Open Book Publishers |
Total Pages | : 128 |
Release | : 2016-01-18 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 1783742011 |
Metaethics from a First Person Standpoint addresses in a novel format the major topics and themes of contemporary metaethics, the study of the analysis of moral thought and judgement. Metathetics is less concerned with what practices are right or wrong than with what we mean by ‘right’ and ‘wrong.’ Looking at a wide spectrum of topics including moral language, realism and anti-realism, reasons and motives, relativism, and moral progress, this book engages students and general readers in order to enhance their understanding of morality and moral discourse as cultural practices. Catherine Wilson innovatively employs a first-person narrator to report step-by-step an individual’s reflections, beginning from a position of radical scepticism, on the possibility of objective moral knowledge. The reader is invited to follow along with this reasoning, and to challenge or agree with each major point. Incrementally, the narrator is led to certain definite conclusions about ‘oughts’ and norms in connection with self-interest, prudence, social norms, and finally morality. Scepticism is overcome, and the narrator arrives at a good understanding of how moral knowledge and moral progress are possible, though frequently long in coming. Accessibly written, Metaethics from a First Person Standpoint presupposes no prior training in philosophy and is a must-read for philosophers, students and general readers interested in gaining a better understanding of morality as a personal philosophical quest.
The Limits of Moral Authority
Author | : Dale Dorsey |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press |
Total Pages | : 368 |
Release | : 2016-04-21 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0191044725 |
Dale Dorsey considers one of the most fundamental questions in philosophical ethics: to what extent do the demands of morality have normative authority over us and our lives? Must we conform to moral requirements? Most who have addressed this question have treated the normative significance of morality as simply a fact to be explained. But Dorsey argues that this traditional assumption is misguided. According to Dorsey, not only are we not required to conform to moral demands, conforming to morality's demands will not always even be normatively permissible---moral behavior can be (quite literally) wrong. This view is significant not only for understanding the content and force of the moral point of view, but also for understanding the basic elements of how one ought to live.
Marxism And The Moral Point Of View
Author | : Kai Nielsen |
Publisher | : Routledge |
Total Pages | : 265 |
Release | : 2021-11-28 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 0429718519 |
Marxism and the Moral Point of View attempts to say what consistent Marxists working within the parameters of the canonical conceptions of Marxism should say about morality. This includes what they should say about the function of morality in society, about the extent of moral comment they can justifiably make, and about freedom, equality, and justice, including the justice of whole social formations. Karl Marx-and most Marxists follow him-was opposed.
The Moral Landscape
Author | : Sam Harris |
Publisher | : Simon and Schuster |
Total Pages | : 322 |
Release | : 2011-09-13 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 143917122X |
Sam Harris dismantles the most common justification for religious faith--that a moral system cannot be based on science.
Moral Aims
Author | : Cheshire Calhoun |
Publisher | : Oxford University Press, USA |
Total Pages | : 273 |
Release | : 2016 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 019932879X |
Moral Aims brings together nine previously published essays that focus on the significance of the social practice of morality for what we say as moral theorists, the plurality of moral aims that agents are trying to realize and that sometimes come into tension, and the special difficulties that conventionalized wrongdoing poses.
The Moral Nexus
Author | : R. Jay Wallace |
Publisher | : Princeton University Press |
Total Pages | : 324 |
Release | : 2019 |
Genre | : Philosophy |
ISBN | : 069117217X |
A new way of understanding the essence of moral obligation The Moral Nexus develops and defends a new interpretation of morality—namely, as a set of requirements that connect agents normatively to other persons in a nexus of moral relations. According to this relational interpretation, moral demands are directed to other individuals, who have claims that the agent comply with these demands. Interpersonal morality, so conceived, is the domain of what we owe to each other, insofar as we are each persons with equal moral standing. The book offers an interpretative argument for the relational approach. Specifically, it highlights neglected advantages of this way of understanding the moral domain; explores important theoretical and practical presuppositions of relational moral duties; and considers the normative implications of understanding morality in relational terms. The book features a novel defense of the relational approach to morality, which emphasizes the special significance that moral requirements have, both for agents who are deliberating about what to do and for those who stand to be affected by their actions. The book argues that relational moral requirements can be understood to link us to all individuals whose interests render them vulnerable to our agency, regardless of whether they stand in any prior relationship to us. It also offers fresh accounts of some of the moral phenomena that have seemed to resist treatment in relational terms, showing that the relational interpretation is a viable framework for understanding our specific moral obligations to other people.